<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[Viet Hustler: KINH TẾ VĨ MÔ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Bài phân tích về thực trạng và xu hướng vĩ mô của một khía cạnh trong nền kinh tế được gửi ra mỗi tối thứ 7]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/s/kinh-te-vi-mo</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_GAq!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9cbd2b4-3a79-442b-9233-b7141af03a31_1080x1080.png</url><title>Viet Hustler: KINH TẾ VĨ MÔ</title><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/s/kinh-te-vi-mo</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Fri, 05 Jun 2026 00:26:11 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://viethustler.substack.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[VSL LLC]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[viethustler@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[viethustler@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Steve Le]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Steve Le]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[viethustler@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[viethustler@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Steve Le]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[Reserve Management Purchases Gặp Kevin Warsh]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#272;&#226;u m&#7899;i l&#224; th&#432;&#7899;c &#273;o thanh kho&#7843;n v&#224; Kevin Warsh c&#243; t&#7855;t van b&#417;m ti&#7873;n?]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/p/reserve-management-purchases-gap</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://viethustler.substack.com/p/reserve-management-purchases-gap</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Tran]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 31 May 2026 16:39:30 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T1kR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5c44a3b-141e-478a-91a9-2105ebec8b4f_1920x1080.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n b&#7887; l&#7905; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t hay nh&#7845;t g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y:</h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/kinh-te-uc-khung-hoang-vi-khong-chiu">Kinh T&#7871; &#272;&#7913;c: Kh&#7911;ng Ho&#7843;ng V&#236; Kh&#244;ng Ch&#7883;u Vay N&#7907;</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/su-that-trung-quoc-khong-ban-trai">S&#7921; Th&#7853;t: Trung Qu&#7889;c Kh&#244;ng B&#225;n Tr&#225;i Phi&#7871;u M&#7929; - FREE</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ca-map-mua-ban-co-phieu-nao-trong-dc3">C&#225; M&#7853;p Mua B&#225;n C&#7893; Phi&#7871;u N&#224;o Trong Q1/2026?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/china-shock-20-tu-xe-ien-en-trat">China Shock 2.0: T&#7915; Xe &#272;i&#7879;n &#272;&#7871;n Tr&#7853;t T&#7921; C&#244;ng Nghi&#7879;p M&#7899;i</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/hormuz-blockade-mot-cu-soc-hai-cuoc">Hormuz Blockade: M&#7897;t C&#250; S&#7889;c, Hai Cu&#7897;c T&#225;i C&#7845;u Tr&#250;c</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/bao-hiem-y-te-my-buoc-ngoat-hay-bay">B&#7843;o Hi&#7875;m Y T&#7871; M&#7929;: B&#432;&#7899;c Ngo&#7863;t Hay B&#7851;y Gi&#225; Tr&#7883;?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tai-sao-uae-lai-xin-swap-line-cua">T&#7840;I SAO UAE L&#7840;I XIN SWAP LINE C&#7910;A M&#7928;?</a></p></li></ul><div><hr></div><blockquote><p><em><strong>&#8220;Every banker knows that if he has to prove he is worthy of credit, however good may be his arguments, in fact his credit is gone.&#8221;</strong> </em></p><p><em>&#8220;M&#7897;t banker hi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng n&#7871;u anh ta ph&#7843;i ch&#7913;ng minh m&#236;nh c&#242;n &#273;&#225;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tin, th&#236; d&#249; l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n c&#243; hay &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&#226;u, tr&#234;n th&#7921;c t&#7871; t&#237;n nhi&#7879;m c&#7911;a anh ta &#273;&#227; m&#7845;t.&#8221;</em></p><p><em>&#8212; Walter Bagehot, Lombard Street (1873)</em></p><h5>N&#7871;u c&#243; m&#7897;t &#8220;kinh th&#225;nh&#8221; cho ngh&#7879; thu&#7853;t c&#7913;u h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh kh&#7887;i kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng thanh kho&#7843;n, th&#236; Lombard Street c&#7911;a Walter Bagehot l&#224; s&#225;ch &#273;&#7847;u gi&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7911;a c&#225;c nh&#224; ho&#7841;ch &#273;&#7883;nh ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879;. </h5></blockquote><div><hr></div><p>C&#243; nh&#7919;ng ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh c&#7911;a Fed xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n l&#7863;ng l&#7869; &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7847;n nh&#432; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7875; &#253;. Kh&#244;ng h&#7885;p b&#225;o l&#7899;n. Kh&#244;ng tuy&#234;n b&#7889; kh&#7849;n c&#7845;p. Kh&#244;ng m&#7897;t c&#225;i t&#234;n &#273;&#7911; m&#7841;nh &#273;&#7875; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh headline.</p><p>Cho &#273;&#7871;n khi m&#7897;t d&#242;ng trong b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u ph&#236;nh l&#234;n.</p><p>V&#224; c&#226;u h&#7887;i c&#361; l&#7853;p t&#7913;c quay l&#7841;i:</p><p><strong>Fed l&#7841;i &#273;ang l&#224;m QE?</strong></p><p>T&#7915; gi&#7919;a th&#225;ng 12/2025, Federal Reserve k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t l&#7841;i <strong>Reserve Management Purchases &#8212; RMP</strong>. V&#7873; m&#7863;t k&#7929; thu&#7853;t, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh mua T-bill, ban &#273;&#7847;u kho&#7843;ng 40 t&#7927; USD m&#7895;i th&#225;ng, sau &#273;&#243; gi&#7843;m xu&#7889;ng quanh 25 t&#7927; USD, v&#7899;i m&#7909;c ti&#234;u ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c l&#224; duy tr&#236; reserves trong v&#249;ng &#8220;ample&#8221;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng hi&#7871;m khi &#273;&#7885;c Fed b&#7857;ng ng&#244;n ng&#7919; k&#7929; thu&#7853;t.</p><p>M&#7897;t khi Fed mua ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n, b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i t&#259;ng. M&#7897;t khi b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i t&#259;ng, k&#253; &#7913;c v&#7873; QE l&#7853;p t&#7913;c tr&#7903; l&#7841;i. V&#224; t&#7915; &#273;&#243;, m&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n quen thu&#7897;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#7921;ng l&#234;n:</p><ul><li><p>Fed &#273;ang &#226;m th&#7847;m n&#7899;i l&#7887;ng tr&#7903; l&#7841;i.</p></li><li><p>Fed &#273;ang c&#7913;u th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng Treasury.</p></li><li><p>Fed &#273;ang gi&#250;p Treasury ph&#225;t h&#224;nh n&#7907; d&#7877; h&#417;n.</p></li><li><p>Fed n&#243;i &#273;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i QE &#8212; nh&#432;ng cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng v&#7851;n l&#224; QE b&#7857;ng t&#234;n g&#7885;i kh&#225;c.</p></li></ul><p>C&#226;u chuy&#7879;n n&#224;y nghe r&#7845;t h&#7907;p l&#253;. N&#243; c&#243; &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; c&#225;c m&#7843;nh gh&#233;p h&#7845;p d&#7851;n: T-bill purchases, reserves t&#259;ng, b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i Fed l&#7899;n h&#417;n, m&#7897;t ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; M&#7929; &#273;ang ph&#225;t h&#224;nh n&#7907; kh&#7893;ng l&#7891;, v&#224; m&#7897;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u ng&#224;y c&#224;ng c&#7847;n ng&#432;&#7901;i mua bi&#234;n.</p><p>Trong th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i m&#7885;i th&#7913; &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7885;c qua l&#259;ng k&#237;nh <strong>fiscal dominance</strong>, r&#7845;t d&#7877; nh&#236;n RMP nh&#432; m&#7897;t b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng n&#7919;a r&#7857;ng Fed kh&#244;ng th&#7875; r&#7901;i kh&#7887;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&#7857;m &#7903; ch&#7895;: c&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng sai ho&#224;n to&#224;n &#8212; n&#243; ch&#7881; ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; s&#226;u.</p><p>RMP kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i QE theo ngh&#297;a truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng. Fed kh&#244;ng mua duration d&#224;i &#273;&#7875; k&#233;o 10Y yield xu&#7889;ng. Fed kh&#244;ng c&#7889; t&#7841;o wealth effect. Fed kh&#244;ng g&#7917;i t&#237;n hi&#7879;u &#8220;low for long&#8221;. Fed kh&#244;ng &#233;p nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; r&#7901;i kh&#7887;i Treasuries d&#224;i h&#7841;n &#273;&#7875; ch&#7841;y sang equities, credit hay real estate.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#243;i RMP kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i QE c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; n&#243; v&#244; h&#7841;i, trung t&#237;nh, hay kh&#244;ng &#273;&#225;ng quan t&#226;m.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y m&#7899;i l&#224; ngh&#7883;ch l&#253; trung t&#226;m c&#7911;a b&#224;i vi&#7871;t tu&#7847;n n&#224;y:</p><p><strong>RMP kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; QE. Nh&#432;ng RMP cho th&#7845;y v&#236; sao h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh M&#7929; sau 2008 kh&#244;ng c&#242;n c&#243; th&#7875; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh v&#7899;i m&#7897;t Fed nh&#7887; nh&#432; tr&#432;&#7899;c.</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T1kR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5c44a3b-141e-478a-91a9-2105ebec8b4f_1920x1080.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T1kR!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5c44a3b-141e-478a-91a9-2105ebec8b4f_1920x1080.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T1kR!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5c44a3b-141e-478a-91a9-2105ebec8b4f_1920x1080.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T1kR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5c44a3b-141e-478a-91a9-2105ebec8b4f_1920x1080.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T1kR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5c44a3b-141e-478a-91a9-2105ebec8b4f_1920x1080.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T1kR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5c44a3b-141e-478a-91a9-2105ebec8b4f_1920x1080.webp" width="1456" height="819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e5c44a3b-141e-478a-91a9-2105ebec8b4f_1920x1080.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Kevin Warsh Officially Becomes Chair of Federal Reserve. Here's What to  Know About Him&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Kevin Warsh Officially Becomes Chair of Federal Reserve. Here's What to  Know About Him" title="Kevin Warsh Officially Becomes Chair of Federal Reserve. Here's What to  Know About Him" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T1kR!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5c44a3b-141e-478a-91a9-2105ebec8b4f_1920x1080.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T1kR!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5c44a3b-141e-478a-91a9-2105ebec8b4f_1920x1080.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T1kR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5c44a3b-141e-478a-91a9-2105ebec8b4f_1920x1080.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T1kR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5c44a3b-141e-478a-91a9-2105ebec8b4f_1920x1080.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>N&#7871;u QE l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879; trong kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng, th&#236; RMP l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng plumbing sau kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng.</p><p>N&#243; kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; s&#226;n kh&#7845;u ch&#237;nh, n&#417;i m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i nh&#236;n v&#224;o 10Y yield, S&amp;P 500 hay dot plot. N&#243; n&#7857;m d&#432;&#7899;i s&#224;n: &#7903; SOFR, EFFR, IORB, SRF usage, TGA, ON RRP, dealer balance sheets v&#224; nh&#7919;ng d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n qua &#273;&#234;m m&#224; ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; ch&#7881; nh&#7899; &#273;&#7871;n khi ch&#250;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u ngh&#7869;n.</p><p>Th&#225;ng 9/2019 l&#224; l&#7901;i nh&#7855;c nh&#7903; r&#245; nh&#7845;t.</p><p>Khi &#273;&#243;, n&#432;&#7899;c M&#7929; kh&#244;ng thi&#7871;u reserves theo ngh&#297;a tuy&#7879;t &#273;&#7889;i. H&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7851;n c&#242;n h&#417;n m&#7897;t ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD reserves. Nh&#432;ng ti&#7873;n n&#7857;m sai ch&#7895;, &#273;&#250;ng l&#250;c Treasury h&#250;t ti&#7873;n v&#224;o TGA, tax payments &#273;&#7871;n h&#7841;n, v&#224; dealer balance sheets kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7911; linh ho&#7841;t. Repo market &#8212; tr&#225;i tim &#226;m th&#7847;m c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng dollar &#8212; b&#7895;ng t&#259;ng &#225;p su&#7845;t. L&#227;i su&#7845;t qua &#273;&#234;m v&#7885;t l&#234;n. M&#7897;t &#273;o&#7841;n &#7889;ng nh&#7887; trong t&#7847;ng h&#7847;m su&#253;t l&#224;m c&#7843; t&#242;a nh&#224; rung chuy&#7875;n.</p><p>Fed kh&#244;ng qu&#234;n b&#224;i h&#7885;c &#273;&#243;.</p><p>V&#224; &#273;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do RMP quay l&#7841;i.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#227; v&#7905;. Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; Fed mu&#7889;n t&#7841;o m&#7897;t v&#242;ng QE m&#7899;i. M&#224; v&#236; trong th&#7871; gi&#7899;i <strong>ample reserves</strong>, &#273;i&#7873;u nguy hi&#7875;m nh&#7845;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; thi&#7871;u ti&#7873;n theo ngh&#297;a t&#7893;ng th&#7875;. &#272;i&#7873;u nguy hi&#7875;m l&#224; buffer m&#7887;ng, ph&#226;n b&#7893; sai, v&#224; stress xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n &#273;&#250;ng l&#250;c th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ngh&#297; m&#7885;i th&#7913; v&#7851;n &#7893;n.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#250;ng kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224;:</p><p><strong>&#8220;RMP c&#243; ph&#7843;i QE kh&#244;ng?&#8221;</strong></p><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#250;ng h&#417;n l&#224;:</p><p><strong>&#8220;N&#7871;u RMP kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i QE, t&#7841;i sao Fed v&#7851;n ph&#7843;i mua T-bill ch&#7881; &#273;&#7875; gi&#7919; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng?&#8221;</strong></p><p>V&#224; c&#226;u h&#7887;i quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n cho th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng l&#224;:</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>&#8220;N&#7871;u m&#7895;i l&#7847;n reserves ti&#7871;n g&#7847;n v&#249;ng scarce, Fed l&#7841;i ph&#7843;i d&#7915;ng QT ho&#7863;c m&#7903; l&#7841;i purchases, th&#236; b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i Fed c&#243; bao gi&#7901; th&#7853;t s&#7921; b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng h&#243;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kh&#244;ng?&#8221;</strong></p></div><p>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t tu&#7847;n n&#224;y &#273;i qua s&#225;u t&#7847;ng ph&#226;n t&#237;ch:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n I &#8212; &#272;&#7885;c l&#7841;i b&#7843;n &#273;&#7891; thanh kho&#7843;n M&#7929;:</strong> t&#7915; scarce reserves tr&#432;&#7899;c 2008 &#273;&#7871;n ample reserves sau QE, v&#224; v&#236; sao &#8220;ample&#8221; kh&#244;ng c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; &#8220;abundant&#8221;.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n II &#8212; RMP kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i QE:</strong> kh&#225;c &#7903; t&#224;i s&#7843;n mua, m&#7909;c ti&#234;u, c&#417; ch&#7871; truy&#7873;n d&#7851;n v&#224; t&#237;n hi&#7879;u ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch &#8212; nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng v&#236; th&#7871; m&#224; ho&#224;n to&#224;n v&#244; h&#7841;i.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n III &#8212; Funding market &#273;ang n&#243;i g&#236;:</strong> v&#236; sao 10Y yield l&#224; th&#432;&#7899;c &#273;o sai cho reserve adequacy, v&#224; v&#236; sao SOFR, EFFR, IORB, SRF usage m&#7899;i l&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng h&#7891; &#225;p su&#7845;t th&#7853;t s&#7921;.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n IV &#8212; V&#236; sao b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i Fed kh&#243; quay l&#7841;i tr&#432;&#7899;c 2008:</strong> TGA l&#7899;n h&#417;n, regulation l&#224;m reserves qu&#253; h&#417;n, vai tr&#242; to&#224;n c&#7847;u c&#7911;a USD r&#7897;ng h&#417;n, v&#224; fiscal deficit t&#7841;o tr&#7885;ng l&#7921;c l&#234;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n V &#8212; K&#7927; nguy&#234;n Warsh:</strong> m&#7897;t Fed Chair mu&#7889;n thu nh&#7887; Fed, nh&#432;ng ph&#7843;i &#273;i&#7873;u h&#224;nh trong m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#243; nh&#7919;ng l&#7921;c v&#7853;t l&#253; ri&#234;ng.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VI &#8212; Nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u h&#7887;i RMP kh&#244;ng tr&#7843; l&#7901;i:</strong> Fed c&#243; &#273;ang gi&#250;p Treasury qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u kh&#244;ng, ai ch&#7883;u chi ph&#237; Fed losses, v&#224; nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; n&#234;n theo d&#245;i dashboard n&#224;o m&#7895;i tu&#7847;n.</p></li></ul><p>M&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch c&#7911;a b&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y, &#273;&#7871;n cu&#7889;i b&#224;i, c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i s&#7869; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n nh&#432; headline.</p><p>RMP kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i QE. Nh&#432;ng RMP c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t nghi&#7879;p v&#7909; k&#7871; to&#225;n v&#244; th&#432;&#7903;ng v&#244; ph&#7841;t.</p><p>N&#243; l&#224; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u c&#7911;a m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i: n&#417;i Fed kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7863;t l&#227;i su&#7845;t, m&#224; c&#242;n l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i gi&#7919; m&#7921;c n&#432;&#7899;c t&#7889;i thi&#7875;u cho to&#224;n b&#7897; &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#7889;ng dollar. M&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng m&#224; Treasury issuance, repo leverage, regulation v&#224; global dollar demand c&#249;ng k&#233;o b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i Fed v&#224;o vai tr&#242; l&#7899;n h&#417;n m&#7913;c b&#7845;t k&#7923; ai tr&#432;&#7899;c 2008 c&#243; th&#7875; t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng.</p><p>R&#7911;i ro v&#236; v&#7853;y kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; vi&#7879;c Fed &#8220;in ti&#7873;n&#8221; theo ngh&#297;a &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n.</p><p>R&#7911;i ro n&#7857;m &#7903; ch&#7895; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh M&#7929; &#273;&#227; tr&#7903; n&#234;n qu&#225; l&#7899;n, qu&#225; li&#234;n th&#244;ng, v&#224; qu&#225; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o m&#7897;t m&#7921;c n&#432;&#7899;c reserves &#273;&#7911; cao &#8212; &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c ch&#7881; c&#7847;n Fed r&#250;t &#273;i qu&#225; nhanh, plumbing c&#243; th&#7875; l&#234;n ti&#7871;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c c&#7843; khi th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng k&#7883;p hi&#7875;u chuy&#7879;n g&#236; &#273;ang x&#7843;y ra.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Viet Hustler is a reader-supported publication. 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Th&#7853;t: Trung Qu&#7889;c Kh&#244;ng B&#225;n Tr&#225;i Phi&#7871;u M&#7929; - FREE</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ca-map-mua-ban-co-phieu-nao-trong-dc3">C&#225; M&#7853;p Mua B&#225;n C&#7893; Phi&#7871;u N&#224;o Trong Q1/2026?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/china-shock-20-tu-xe-ien-en-trat">China Shock 2.0: T&#7915; Xe &#272;i&#7879;n &#272;&#7871;n Tr&#7853;t T&#7921; C&#244;ng Nghi&#7879;p M&#7899;i</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/hormuz-blockade-mot-cu-soc-hai-cuoc">Hormuz Blockade: M&#7897;t C&#250; S&#7889;c, Hai Cu&#7897;c T&#225;i C&#7845;u Tr&#250;c</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/bao-hiem-y-te-my-buoc-ngoat-hay-bay">B&#7843;o Hi&#7875;m Y T&#7871; M&#7929;: B&#432;&#7899;c Ngo&#7863;t Hay B&#7851;y Gi&#225; Tr&#7883;?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tai-sao-uae-lai-xin-swap-line-cua">T&#7840;I SAO UAE L&#7840;I XIN SWAP LINE C&#7910;A M&#7928;?</a></p></li></ul><p>Nh&#236;n v&#224;o n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; &#272;&#7913;c hi&#7879;n nay:</p><ul><li><p>S&#7843;n xu&#7845;t c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p gi&#7843;m 15% t&#7915; &#273;&#7881;nh.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4oe5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd504ba2-2b4e-41c1-9071-30a2327a03ad_936x436.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4oe5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd504ba2-2b4e-41c1-9071-30a2327a03ad_936x436.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4oe5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd504ba2-2b4e-41c1-9071-30a2327a03ad_936x436.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4oe5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd504ba2-2b4e-41c1-9071-30a2327a03ad_936x436.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4oe5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd504ba2-2b4e-41c1-9071-30a2327a03ad_936x436.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4oe5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd504ba2-2b4e-41c1-9071-30a2327a03ad_936x436.png" width="936" height="436" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cd504ba2-2b4e-41c1-9071-30a2327a03ad_936x436.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:436,&quot;width&quot;:936,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4oe5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd504ba2-2b4e-41c1-9071-30a2327a03ad_936x436.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4oe5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd504ba2-2b4e-41c1-9071-30a2327a03ad_936x436.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4oe5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd504ba2-2b4e-41c1-9071-30a2327a03ad_936x436.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4oe5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd504ba2-2b4e-41c1-9071-30a2327a03ad_936x436.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><ul><li><p>Gi&#225; tr&#7883; gia t&#259;ng ng&#224;nh s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t gi&#7843;m 7% k&#7875; t&#7915; 2017.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j5rq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffad56401-c40f-4275-bf93-2ee31c4dec8a_886x595.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j5rq!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffad56401-c40f-4275-bf93-2ee31c4dec8a_886x595.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j5rq!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffad56401-c40f-4275-bf93-2ee31c4dec8a_886x595.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j5rq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffad56401-c40f-4275-bf93-2ee31c4dec8a_886x595.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j5rq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffad56401-c40f-4275-bf93-2ee31c4dec8a_886x595.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j5rq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffad56401-c40f-4275-bf93-2ee31c4dec8a_886x595.png" width="886" height="595" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/fad56401-c40f-4275-bf93-2ee31c4dec8a_886x595.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:595,&quot;width&quot;:886,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j5rq!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffad56401-c40f-4275-bf93-2ee31c4dec8a_886x595.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j5rq!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffad56401-c40f-4275-bf93-2ee31c4dec8a_886x595.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j5rq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffad56401-c40f-4275-bf93-2ee31c4dec8a_886x595.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j5rq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffad56401-c40f-4275-bf93-2ee31c4dec8a_886x595.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><ul><li><p>GDP b&#7857;ng ho&#7863;c gi&#7843;m trong 9 tr&#234;n 12 qu&#253; g&#7847;n nh&#7845;t. </p></li><li><p>H&#224;ng tr&#259;m ng&#224;n vi&#7879;c l&#224;m c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p b&#7883; x&#243;a s&#7893;.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K-_e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45b158b-6849-4062-814e-50dd416b32e8_939x633.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K-_e!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45b158b-6849-4062-814e-50dd416b32e8_939x633.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K-_e!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45b158b-6849-4062-814e-50dd416b32e8_939x633.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K-_e!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45b158b-6849-4062-814e-50dd416b32e8_939x633.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K-_e!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45b158b-6849-4062-814e-50dd416b32e8_939x633.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K-_e!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45b158b-6849-4062-814e-50dd416b32e8_939x633.png" width="939" height="633" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b45b158b-6849-4062-814e-50dd416b32e8_939x633.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:633,&quot;width&quot;:939,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:45608,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/199849040?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45b158b-6849-4062-814e-50dd416b32e8_939x633.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K-_e!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45b158b-6849-4062-814e-50dd416b32e8_939x633.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K-_e!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45b158b-6849-4062-814e-50dd416b32e8_939x633.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K-_e!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45b158b-6849-4062-814e-50dd416b32e8_939x633.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K-_e!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45b158b-6849-4062-814e-50dd416b32e8_939x633.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><ul><li><p>Th&#7845;t nghi&#7879;p v&#432;&#7907;t m&#7889;c 3 tri&#7879;u &#8212; cao nh&#7845;t k&#7875; t&#7915; n&#259;m 2011.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!di0E!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F757d00f7-7534-4168-97b0-15073bf05ad8_876x847.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!di0E!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F757d00f7-7534-4168-97b0-15073bf05ad8_876x847.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!di0E!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F757d00f7-7534-4168-97b0-15073bf05ad8_876x847.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!di0E!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F757d00f7-7534-4168-97b0-15073bf05ad8_876x847.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!di0E!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F757d00f7-7534-4168-97b0-15073bf05ad8_876x847.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!di0E!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F757d00f7-7534-4168-97b0-15073bf05ad8_876x847.png" width="876" height="847" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/757d00f7-7534-4168-97b0-15073bf05ad8_876x847.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:847,&quot;width&quot;:876,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:220787,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/199849040?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F757d00f7-7534-4168-97b0-15073bf05ad8_876x847.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!di0E!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F757d00f7-7534-4168-97b0-15073bf05ad8_876x847.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!di0E!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F757d00f7-7534-4168-97b0-15073bf05ad8_876x847.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!di0E!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F757d00f7-7534-4168-97b0-15073bf05ad8_876x847.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!di0E!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F757d00f7-7534-4168-97b0-15073bf05ad8_876x847.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Peter Leibinger &#8212; Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch BDI, li&#234;n &#273;o&#224;n c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t n&#432;&#7899;c &#272;&#7913;c &#8212; tuy&#234;n b&#7889;:</p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng tr&#7847;m tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917; C&#7897;ng h&#242;a Li&#234;n bang.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><p>&#212;ng nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh: &#273;&#226;y <strong>kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i</strong> suy tho&#225;i chu k&#7923;. V&#224; &#244;ng b&#225;c b&#7887; ho&#224;n to&#224;n nh&#7853;n &#273;&#7883;nh cho r&#7857;ng &#273;&#226;y ch&#7881; l&#224; t&#7841;m th&#7901;i.</p><p>Nh&#236;n l&#432;&#7899;t qua, c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n c&#243; v&#7867; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n: &#272;&#7913;c m&#7845;t kh&#237; &#273;&#7889;t r&#7867; t&#7915; Nga, m&#7845;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c, b&#7883; thu&#7871; quan M&#7929; si&#7871;t ch&#7863;t. Ba c&#250; s&#7889;c b&#234;n ngo&#224;i gi&#225;ng c&#249;ng l&#250;c.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng nh&#236;n k&#7929;, c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u &#8212; v&#224; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n h&#417;n, v&#236; ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n v&#7871;t th&#432;&#417;ng l&#224; <strong>t&#7921; g&#226;y ra.</strong></p><p>N&#259;m 2007, &#272;&#7913;c v&#224; M&#7929; kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u &#7903; c&#249;ng m&#7897;t v&#7883; tr&#237;: n&#7907; c&#244;ng kho&#7843;ng 63&#8211;64% GDP. T&#7915; &#273;&#243;, hai qu&#7889;c gia &#273;i hai con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#224;n to&#224;n tr&#225;i ng&#432;&#7907;c.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NSwm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feb056d3e-2105-43d2-9047-cb4825a2818f_800x450.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NSwm!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feb056d3e-2105-43d2-9047-cb4825a2818f_800x450.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NSwm!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feb056d3e-2105-43d2-9047-cb4825a2818f_800x450.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NSwm!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feb056d3e-2105-43d2-9047-cb4825a2818f_800x450.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NSwm!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feb056d3e-2105-43d2-9047-cb4825a2818f_800x450.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NSwm!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feb056d3e-2105-43d2-9047-cb4825a2818f_800x450.png" width="800" height="450" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/eb056d3e-2105-43d2-9047-cb4825a2818f_800x450.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:450,&quot;width&quot;:800,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NSwm!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feb056d3e-2105-43d2-9047-cb4825a2818f_800x450.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NSwm!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feb056d3e-2105-43d2-9047-cb4825a2818f_800x450.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NSwm!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feb056d3e-2105-43d2-9047-cb4825a2818f_800x450.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NSwm!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feb056d3e-2105-43d2-9047-cb4825a2818f_800x450.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>M&#7929; vay m&#7841;nh, chi m&#7841;nh &#8212; v&#224; b&#249;ng n&#7893;: GDP th&#7921;c t&#259;ng kho&#7843;ng 40% trong 18 n&#259;m.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pFat!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3df6cac2-1426-4367-acc3-e70f94badb1a_1320x450.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pFat!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3df6cac2-1426-4367-acc3-e70f94badb1a_1320x450.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pFat!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3df6cac2-1426-4367-acc3-e70f94badb1a_1320x450.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pFat!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3df6cac2-1426-4367-acc3-e70f94badb1a_1320x450.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pFat!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3df6cac2-1426-4367-acc3-e70f94badb1a_1320x450.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pFat!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3df6cac2-1426-4367-acc3-e70f94badb1a_1320x450.png" width="1320" height="450" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3df6cac2-1426-4367-acc3-e70f94badb1a_1320x450.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:450,&quot;width&quot;:1320,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:71704,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/199849040?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3df6cac2-1426-4367-acc3-e70f94badb1a_1320x450.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pFat!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3df6cac2-1426-4367-acc3-e70f94badb1a_1320x450.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pFat!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3df6cac2-1426-4367-acc3-e70f94badb1a_1320x450.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pFat!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3df6cac2-1426-4367-acc3-e70f94badb1a_1320x450.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pFat!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3df6cac2-1426-4367-acc3-e70f94badb1a_1320x450.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p><strong>&#272;&#7913;c ch&#7885;n con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng k&#7927; lu&#7853;t ng&#226;n s&#225;ch tuy&#7879;t &#273;&#7889;i &#8212; m&#7897;t ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch mang t&#234;n &#8220;Schwarze Null,&#8221; ngh&#297;a &#273;en l&#224; &#8220;s&#7889; kh&#244;ng &#273;en&#8221; &#8212; t&#7913;c ng&#226;n s&#225;ch ph&#7843;i c&#226;n b&#7857;ng ho&#7863;c th&#7863;ng d&#432; b&#7857;ng m&#7885;i gi&#225;.</strong> </p></blockquote><p>N&#259;m 2009, &#272;&#7913;c &#273;i xa h&#417;n: ghi lu&#244;n gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n n&#7907; v&#224;o hi&#7871;n ph&#225;p, c&#7845;m th&#226;m h&#7909;t c&#7845;u tr&#250;c qu&#225; 0.35% GDP. </p><ul><li><p>Kh&#244;ng n&#432;&#7899;c ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n n&#224;o tr&#234;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i t&#7921; tr&#243;i tay m&#236;nh ch&#7863;t &#273;&#7871;n v&#7853;y.</p></li></ul><p>K&#7871;t qu&#7843;? N&#7907; th&#7845;p nh&#7845;t nh&#243;m G7. Th&#7863;ng d&#432; th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i kh&#7893;ng l&#7891;. V&#224; GDP g&#7847;n nh&#432; &#273;i ngang k&#7875; t&#7915; tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#7841;i d&#7883;ch.</p><p>Paul Krugman &#8212; nh&#224; kinh t&#7871; &#273;o&#7841;t gi&#7843;i Nobel &#8212; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch: </p><blockquote><p><em>&#272;&#7913;c t&#7915; h&#236;nh m&#7851;u cho c&#225;c n&#432;&#7899;c h&#7885;c theo, gi&#7901; &#273;&#227; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh b&#224;i h&#7885;c c&#7843;nh b&#225;o &#8212; m&#7897;t l&#7901;i c&#7843;nh t&#7881;nh v&#7873; c&#225;i gi&#225; c&#7911;a t&#432; duy c&#7913;ng nh&#7855;c.</em></p></blockquote><p>&#212;ng g&#7885;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; &#8220;s&#7921; tr&#7843; gi&#225; c&#7911;a Schwarze Null&#8221;: 15 n&#259;m t&#244;n th&#7901; k&#7927; lu&#7853;t ng&#226;n s&#225;ch, c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; c&#244;ng, &#273;&#7875; h&#7841; t&#7847;ng xu&#7889;ng c&#7845;p, &#273;&#7875; n&#259;ng su&#7845;t tr&#236; tr&#7879;.</p><p>R&#7891;i khi ba c&#250; s&#7889;c b&#234;n ngo&#224;i &#7853;p &#273;&#7871;n, n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng &#273;&#227; qu&#225; m&#7909;c &#273;&#7875; ch&#7883;u n&#7893;i.</p><blockquote><p><em>Ba c&#250; s&#7889;c b&#234;n ngo&#224;i ch&#7881; l&#224; ch&#7845;t x&#250;c t&#225;c. N&#7873;n t&#7843;ng &#273;&#227; m&#7909;c t&#7915; l&#226;u &#8212; b&#7883; b&#7887; &#273;&#243;i b&#7903;i ch&#237;nh k&#7927; lu&#7853;t ng&#226;n s&#225;ch m&#224; &#272;&#7913;c t&#7921; h&#224;o nh&#7845;t.</em></p></blockquote><p>Ph&#225;p m&#7855;c k&#7865;t trong b&#224;i to&#225;n ph&#226;n b&#7893; &#8212; m&#7897;t h&#7841;ng m&#7909;c chi ti&#234;u (l&#432;&#417;ng h&#432;u 14% GDP) kh&#243;a ch&#7863;t to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng. </p><p>Anh m&#7855;c k&#7865;t trong b&#224;i to&#225;n t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng &#8212; v&#242;ng l&#7863;p thi&#7871;u &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; k&#233;o d&#224;i nhi&#7873;u th&#7853;p k&#7927;.</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#7885;c l&#7841;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#7873; kinh t&#7871; Ph&#225;p v&#224; Anh t&#7841;i:</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/kinh-te-phap-ngheo-vi-luong-huu?utm_source=publication-search">Kinh T&#7871; Ph&#225;p: Ngh&#232;o V&#236; L&#432;&#417;ng H&#432;u?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/nuoc-anh-thieu-au-tu-la-thu-pha-huy?utm_source=publication-search">N&#432;&#7899;c Anh: Thi&#7871;u &#272;&#7847;u T&#432; L&#224; Th&#7913; Ph&#225; H&#7911;y N&#7873;n Kinh T&#7871;?</a></p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#272;&#7913;c m&#7855;c k&#7865;t trong b&#224;i to&#225;n kh&#243; nh&#7845;t: <strong>th&#7915;a nh&#7853;n r&#7857;ng ch&#237;nh th&#7913; n&#243; t&#7921; h&#224;o &#8212; ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m, k&#7927; lu&#7853;t, th&#7863;ng d&#432; &#8212; &#273;&#227; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh xi&#7873;ng x&#237;ch.</strong></p><p>Th&#225;ng 3/2025, &#272;&#7913;c s&#7917;a hi&#7871;n ph&#225;p, vay 500 t&#7927; euro ngo&#224;i gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n n&#7907; &#8212; t&#7921; ph&#225; v&#7905; nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; s&#7921; th&#7915;a nh&#7853;n ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c: Schwarze Null &#273;&#227; sai.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CdWd!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fadd065d3-bca1-48fa-b84c-f91d59ee2382_1401x529.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CdWd!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fadd065d3-bca1-48fa-b84c-f91d59ee2382_1401x529.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CdWd!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fadd065d3-bca1-48fa-b84c-f91d59ee2382_1401x529.png 848w, 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data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/add065d3-bca1-48fa-b84c-f91d59ee2382_1401x529.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:529,&quot;width&quot;:1401,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:83213,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/199849040?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fadd065d3-bca1-48fa-b84c-f91d59ee2382_1401x529.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CdWd!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fadd065d3-bca1-48fa-b84c-f91d59ee2382_1401x529.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CdWd!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fadd065d3-bca1-48fa-b84c-f91d59ee2382_1401x529.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CdWd!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fadd065d3-bca1-48fa-b84c-f91d59ee2382_1401x529.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CdWd!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fadd065d3-bca1-48fa-b84c-f91d59ee2382_1401x529.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>C&#226;u h&#7887;i c&#242;n l&#7841;i: s&#7921; &#273;&#7843;o chi&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; &#273;&#7871;n k&#7883;p kh&#244;ng?</strong></p><p>S&#225;u th&#225;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c, c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i c&#243; v&#7867; thu&#7853;n l&#7907;i: ba c&#250; s&#7889;c v&#297; m&#244; - &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i, t&#224;i kh&#243;a, v&#224; ti&#7873;n t&#7879; - &#273;ang &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i &#273;&#7843;o chi&#7873;u. &#272;&#7913;c cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng c&#361;ng ch&#7883;u chi ti&#7873;n. Phe l&#7841;c quan c&#243; l&#253;.</p><p><strong>R&#7891;i eo bi&#7875;n Hormuz b&#7889;c ch&#225;y. </strong>C&#250; s&#7889;c n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i</p><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; v&#236; v&#7853;y kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; &#8220;&#272;&#7913;c ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i hay kh&#244;ng.&#8221; C&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#250;ng h&#417;n: hai c&#250; s&#7889;c &#273;&#7843;o chi&#7873;u c&#242;n l&#7841;i c&#243; &#273;&#7911; m&#7841;nh &#273;&#7875; b&#249; cho m&#7897;t c&#250; s&#7889;c quay &#273;&#7847;u?</p><p>Trong b&#224;i vi&#7871;t ng&#224;y h&#244;m nay, Viet Hustler s&#7869; c&#249;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7885;c b&#243;c t&#225;ch b&#224;i to&#225;n &#272;&#7913;c &#8212; t&#7915; g&#7889;c r&#7877; t&#7921; g&#226;y ra, qua ba c&#250; s&#7889;c b&#234;n ngo&#224;i khu&#7871;ch &#273;&#7841;i, &#273;&#7871;n canh b&#7841;c &#8364;500 t&#7927;.</p><ol><li><p>Schwarze Null &#8212; Khi k&#7927; lu&#7853;t ng&#226;n s&#225;ch th&#224;nh xi&#7873;ng x&#237;ch</p></li><li><p>Ba tr&#7909; c&#7897;t g&#227;y &#8212; Kh&#237; &#273;&#7889;t, Trung Qu&#7889;c, Xe h&#417;i</p></li><li><p>Phi c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p h&#243;a &#8212; th&#7921;c hay &#7843;o?</p></li><li><p>B&#224;i to&#225;n nh&#7853;p c&#432;</p></li><li><p>G&#243;i n&#7907; &#8364;500 T&#7927; &#8212; Khi &#272;&#7913;c cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng c&#361;ng ch&#7883;u chi ti&#7873;n</p></li><li><p>B&#7913;c tranh &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; t&#7841;i &#272;&#7913;c</p></li></ol><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WPw-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F641e20b4-85fe-4c70-b3c5-39a133b5be69_1222x865.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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      </p>
   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Sự Thật: Trung Quốc Không Bán Trái Phiếu Mỹ - FREE]]></title><description><![CDATA[Trung Qu&#7889;c n&#7855;m gi&#7919; g&#7845;p 3 l&#7847;n con s&#7889; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng b&#7889;]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/p/su-that-trung-quoc-khong-ban-trai</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://viethustler.substack.com/p/su-that-trung-quoc-khong-ban-trai</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Tran]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 24 May 2026 19:35:40 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S_VX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87efdb1a-27f0-4a4f-9f7d-751e879c5e7c_700x394.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>C&#225;c b&#224;i vi&#7871;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7903; kh&#243;a ho&#224;n to&#224;n mi&#7877;n ph&#237; tu&#7847;n n&#224;y:</strong></p><ul><li><p><a href="https://tapchiphowall.com/paid/p/tai-sao-trump-chon-kevin-warsh?token=tfpuic.uzDY1ymaiBxTDqfBM1s2bA">Kevin Warsh: C&#243; Ph&#7843;i L&#224; Di&#7873;u H&#226;u?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://tapchiphowall.com/paid/p/china-shock-20-tu-xe-ien-en-trat?token=tfpuf7.-ycuFP4QbtbjDWjVJUtpIQ">China Shock 2.0: T&#7915; Xe &#272;i&#7879;n &#272;&#7871;n Tr&#7853;t T&#7921; C&#244;ng Nghi&#7879;p M&#7899;i</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://tapchiphowall.com/paid/p/tai-sao-uae-lai-xin-swap-line-cua?token=tfm573.r8gTE9QUdFgYNP5tGQZYKg">T&#7840;I SAO UAE L&#7840;I XIN SWAP LINE C&#7910;A M&#7928;?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://tapchiphowall.com/paid/p/argentina-va-dollarization?token=tfpujt.Mwd3gBIcOp3mMV_RDXHwQQ">Argentina V&#224; Dollarization</a></p></li></ul><div><hr></div><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Nothing quite lines up perfectly in China, as the exact management of China&#8217;s reserves and the non-reserve foreign assets of the PBOC are treated as state secrets.&#8221;</em> </p><p><em>&#8220;T&#7841;i Trung Qu&#7889;c, kh&#244;ng c&#243; d&#7919; li&#7879;u g&#236; th&#7921;c s&#7921; kh&#7899;p ho&#224;n to&#224;n, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; d&#7919; li&#7879;u t&#224;i s&#7843;n ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i d&#7921; tr&#7919; v&#224; phi d&#7921; tr&#7919; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c coi l&#224; b&#237; m&#7853;t qu&#7889;c gia.&#8221;</em></p><p>&#8212; Brad Setser, Whitney Shepardson Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations.</p></blockquote><div><hr></div><p>C&#243; nh&#7919;ng con s&#7889; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7863;n &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u xem ch&#250;ng nh&#432; s&#7921; th&#7853;t. M&#7895;i th&#225;ng, khi B&#7897; T&#224;i ch&#237;nh M&#7929; c&#244;ng b&#7889; d&#7919; li&#7879;u TIC, m&#7897;t d&#242;ng nh&#7887; l&#7841;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#233;o ra kh&#7887;i b&#7843;ng th&#7889;ng k&#234; v&#224; bi&#7871;n th&#224;nh headline: <strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang n&#7855;m 652 t&#7927; USD Treasuries &#8212; m&#7913;c th&#7845;p nh&#7845;t trong g&#7847;n hai th&#7853;p k&#7927;.</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pHKT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb29a1166-db20-4d9a-be5b-8b775061efd8_838x128.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pHKT!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb29a1166-db20-4d9a-be5b-8b775061efd8_838x128.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pHKT!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb29a1166-db20-4d9a-be5b-8b775061efd8_838x128.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pHKT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb29a1166-db20-4d9a-be5b-8b775061efd8_838x128.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pHKT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb29a1166-db20-4d9a-be5b-8b775061efd8_838x128.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pHKT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb29a1166-db20-4d9a-be5b-8b775061efd8_838x128.png" width="838" height="128" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b29a1166-db20-4d9a-be5b-8b775061efd8_838x128.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:128,&quot;width&quot;:838,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:161698,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb29a1166-db20-4d9a-be5b-8b775061efd8_838x128.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pHKT!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb29a1166-db20-4d9a-be5b-8b775061efd8_838x128.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pHKT!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb29a1166-db20-4d9a-be5b-8b775061efd8_838x128.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pHKT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb29a1166-db20-4d9a-be5b-8b775061efd8_838x128.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pHKT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb29a1166-db20-4d9a-be5b-8b775061efd8_838x128.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>T&#7915; &#273;&#243;, m&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n quen thu&#7897;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#7921;ng l&#234;n:</p><ul><li><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang b&#225;n th&#225;o tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u M&#7929;.</p></li><li><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang tho&#225;t kh&#7887;i &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#244; la.</p></li><li><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang chu&#7849;n b&#7883; d&#249;ng Treasuries nh&#432; m&#7897;t &#8220;v&#361; kh&#237; h&#7841;t nh&#226;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh&#8221;. </p></li><li><p>V&#224; n&#7871;u m&#7897;t ng&#224;y B&#7855;c Kinh quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh b&#225;n m&#7841;nh, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u M&#7929; s&#7869; rung chuy&#7875;n.</p></li></ul><p>C&#226;u chuy&#7879;n nghe r&#7845;t h&#7907;p l&#253;. N&#243; c&#243; s&#7889; li&#7879;u, c&#243; &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;, c&#243; m&#226;u thu&#7851;n M&#7929;&#8211;Trung, c&#243; h&#236;nh &#7843;nh m&#7897;t ch&#7911; n&#7907; kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; &#273;ang r&#250;t kh&#7887;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh c&#7911;a &#273;&#7889;i th&#7911;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&#7857;m &#7903; ch&#7895;: <strong>con s&#7889; 652 t&#7927; USD kh&#244;ng sai &#8212; n&#243; ch&#7881; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;.</strong></p><p>N&#243; &#273;o ph&#7847;n Treasuries &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p d&#432;&#7899;i t&#234;n China trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng l&#432;u k&#253; m&#224; M&#7929; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y. N&#243; kh&#244;ng &#273;o &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; ph&#7847;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; qua Brussels, Luxembourg, Paris, London hay Toronto. N&#243; kh&#244;ng &#273;o tr&#7885;n v&#7865;n Agency securities. N&#243; kh&#244;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7871;t vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a state banks. N&#243; c&#224;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;n &#225;nh &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; c&#225;c vehicles b&#225;n-ch&#237;nh-th&#7913;c n&#7857;m gi&#7919;a d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i, &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c v&#224; ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch &#273;&#7883;a kinh t&#7871;.</p><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, th&#7913; &#273;ang bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c. Th&#7913; &#273;ang bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t l&#224; <strong>kh&#7843; n&#259;ng nh&#236;n th&#7845;y ch&#250;ng trong d&#7919; li&#7879;u M&#7929;</strong>.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m l&#224;m c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n tu&#7847;n n&#224;y ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i headline &#8220;China dumps Treasuries&#8221;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S_VX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87efdb1a-27f0-4a4f-9f7d-751e879c5e7c_700x394.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S_VX!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87efdb1a-27f0-4a4f-9f7d-751e879c5e7c_700x394.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S_VX!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87efdb1a-27f0-4a4f-9f7d-751e879c5e7c_700x394.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S_VX!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87efdb1a-27f0-4a4f-9f7d-751e879c5e7c_700x394.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S_VX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87efdb1a-27f0-4a4f-9f7d-751e879c5e7c_700x394.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S_VX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87efdb1a-27f0-4a4f-9f7d-751e879c5e7c_700x394.jpeg" width="700" height="394" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/87efdb1a-27f0-4a4f-9f7d-751e879c5e7c_700x394.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:394,&quot;width&quot;:700,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;How China is quietly diversifying from US Treasuries&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="How China is quietly diversifying from US Treasuries" title="How China is quietly diversifying from US Treasuries" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S_VX!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87efdb1a-27f0-4a4f-9f7d-751e879c5e7c_700x394.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S_VX!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87efdb1a-27f0-4a4f-9f7d-751e879c5e7c_700x394.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S_VX!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87efdb1a-27f0-4a4f-9f7d-751e879c5e7c_700x394.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S_VX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87efdb1a-27f0-4a4f-9f7d-751e879c5e7c_700x394.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>N&#7871;u Trung Qu&#7889;c th&#7853;t s&#7921; r&#7901;i b&#7887; &#273;&#244; la, ta s&#7869; th&#7845;y m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c chuy&#7875;n d&#7883;ch l&#7899;n trong currency exposure: USD gi&#7843;m m&#7841;nh trong d&#7921; tr&#7919;, v&#224;ng ho&#7863;c euro ho&#7863;c RMB assets t&#259;ng &#273;&#7911; l&#7899;n &#273;&#7875; thay th&#7871;, v&#224; b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i qu&#7889;c gia b&#7899;t ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i dollar. Nh&#432;ng nh&#7919;ng g&#236; d&#7919; li&#7879;u g&#7907;i &#253; l&#7841;i kh&#225;c: Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#7851;n c&#242;n g&#7855;n r&#7845;t s&#226;u v&#7899;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD, ch&#7881; l&#224; c&#225;ch n&#7855;m gi&#7919; &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i &#8212; <strong>&#237;t visible h&#417;n, ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n h&#417;n, ph&#226;n t&#225;n h&#417;n, v&#224; &#237;t ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c h&#417;n v&#224;o custodians M&#7929;.</strong></p><p>&#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i de-dollarization theo ngh&#297;a c&#7893; &#273;i&#7875;n.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>de-visible-dollarization</strong>.</p></div><p>V&#224; ngh&#7883;ch l&#253; n&#7857;m &#7903; &#273;&#226;y: B&#7855;c Kinh mu&#7889;n gi&#7843;m r&#7911;i ro b&#7883; M&#7929; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y, b&#7883; M&#7929; ki&#7875;m so&#225;t, ho&#7863;c trong k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n c&#7921;c &#273;oan, b&#7883; M&#7929; &#273;&#243;ng b&#259;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n nh&#432; Nga sau n&#259;m 2022. Nh&#432;ng c&#249;ng l&#250;c, Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#7851;n b&#7883; kh&#243;a trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#244; la b&#7903;i ch&#237;nh th&#7863;ng d&#432; th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. M&#7895;i n&#259;m, h&#224;ng ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD h&#224;ng h&#243;a &#273;i ra kh&#7887;i Trung Qu&#7889;c; ph&#7847;n th&#7863;ng d&#432; &#273;&#243; ph&#7843;i &#273;i &#273;&#226;u &#273;&#243;. N&#7871;u kh&#244;ng v&#224;o Treasuries d&#224;i h&#7841;n, n&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; v&#224;o T-bills. N&#7871;u kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p &#7903; New York, n&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; n&#7857;m qua Euroclear, Clearstream, Canada ho&#7863;c c&#225;c ng&#226;n h&#224;ng nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c. Nh&#432;ng n&#243; ch&#432;a th&#7875; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n bi&#7871;n th&#224;nh m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng phi &#273;&#244; la ho&#224;n ch&#7881;nh.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#250;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ch&#7881; l&#224;:</p><p><strong>&#8220;Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#242;n n&#7855;m bao nhi&#234;u Treasuries?&#8221;</strong></p><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#250;ng h&#417;n l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p><strong>&#8220;Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#242;n ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c bao nhi&#234;u v&#224;o t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD &#8212; d&#249; nh&#7919;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n n&#7857;m &#7903; n&#417;i d&#7919; li&#7879;u M&#7929; d&#7877; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y?&#8221;</strong></p></blockquote><p>V&#224; c&#226;u h&#7887;i quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n cho th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p><strong>&#8220;R&#7911;i ro th&#7853;t n&#7857;m &#7903; m&#7897;t c&#250; b&#225;n th&#225;o k&#7883;ch t&#237;nh, hay &#7903; s&#7921; r&#250;t lui &#226;m th&#7847;m kh&#7887;i vai tr&#242; ng&#432;&#7901;i mua bi&#234;n &#273;&#250;ng l&#250;c M&#7929; ph&#7843;i ph&#225;t h&#224;nh th&#234;m 1.5&#8211;2.0 ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD Treasuries m&#7899;i m&#7895;i n&#259;m?&#8221;</strong></p></blockquote><p>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t tu&#7847;n n&#224;y &#273;i qua b&#7843;y t&#7847;ng ph&#226;n t&#237;ch:</p><ul><li><p><strong>T&#7847;ng I &#8212; TIC:</strong> h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#224;y &#273;o g&#236;, v&#224; v&#236; sao n&#243; kh&#244;ng &#273;o &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7903; h&#7919;u cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng.</p></li><li><p><strong>T&#7847;ng II &#8212; Belgium v&#224; Treasuries:</strong> v&#236; sao con s&#7889; 652 t&#7927; USD ch&#7881; l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u.</p></li><li><p><strong>T&#7847;ng III &#8212; &#8220;Oh, Canada&#8221;:</strong> v&#236; sao Agency securities c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; m&#7843;nh gh&#233;p b&#7883; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7887; qua.</p></li><li><p><strong>T&#7847;ng IV &#8212; Ki&#7871;n tr&#250;c th&#7875; ch&#7871;:</strong> t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m trong m&#7897;t c&#225;i k&#233;t duy nh&#7845;t.</p></li><li><p><strong>T&#7847;ng V &#8212; T&#7893;ng h&#7907;p con s&#7889;:</strong> t&#225;ch Treasuries, t&#224;i s&#7843;n li&#234;n quan d&#7921; tr&#7919; v&#224; m&#7913;c ph&#417;i nhi&#7877;m USD r&#7897;ng h&#417;n.</p></li><li><p><strong>T&#7847;ng VI &#8212; PBOC swap lines:</strong> tham v&#7885;ng x&#226;y m&#7841;ng thanh kho&#7843;n song song v&#224; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n th&#7921;c t&#7871;.</p></li><li><p><strong>T&#7847;ng VII &#8212; V&#236; sao kh&#244;ng th&#7875; b&#225;n th&#225;o:</strong> Trung Qu&#7889;c l&#224; t&#249; nh&#226;n c&#7911;a th&#7863;ng d&#432; th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i v&#224; b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i USD.</p></li><li><p><strong>T&#7847;ng VIII &#8212; R&#7911;i ro th&#7853;t:</strong> kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i b&#225;n th&#225;o &#7891;n &#224;o, m&#224; l&#224; mua &#237;t &#273;i m&#7897;t c&#225;ch &#226;m th&#7847;m.</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#7871;n cu&#7889;i b&#224;i, c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i s&#7869; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n nh&#432; headline.</p><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng b&#225;n s&#7841;ch Treasuries. Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#361;ng ch&#432;a r&#7901;i b&#7887; &#273;&#244; la.</p><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang l&#224;m m&#7897;t vi&#7879;c tinh vi h&#417;n: <strong>t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#225;ch n&#7855;m gi&#7919; t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD &#273;&#7875; ch&#250;ng kh&#243; b&#7883; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y h&#417;n, kh&#243; b&#7883; &#273;&#243;ng b&#259;ng h&#417;n, v&#224; &#237;t ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c h&#417;n v&#224;o h&#7879; th&#7889;ng custody c&#7911;a M&#7929;.</strong></p><p>R&#7911;i ro v&#236; v&#7853;y kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; m&#7897;t n&#250;t b&#7845;m &#8220;dump Treasuries&#8221;.  R&#7911;i ro n&#7857;m &#7903; ch&#7895; ng&#432;&#7901;i mua bi&#234;n c&#361; &#273;ang l&#249;i d&#7847;n kh&#7887;i s&#226;n kh&#7845;u &#8212; &#273;&#250;ng l&#250;c s&#226;n kh&#7845;u Treasury c&#7847;n kh&#225;n gi&#7843; h&#417;n bao gi&#7901; h&#7871;t.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Viet Hustler is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><h2>T&#7846;NG I &#8212; H&#7878; TH&#7888;NG TIC: THI&#7870;T K&#7870; V&#192; GI&#7898;I H&#7840;N C&#7888;T L&#213;I</h2><h3>1.1. TIC &#273;o g&#236; &#8212; v&#224; kh&#244;ng &#273;o g&#236;</h3><p><strong>Treasury International Capital System</strong> &#8212; vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t l&#224; <strong>TIC</strong>, hay <strong>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng D&#7919; li&#7879;u D&#242;ng v&#7889;n Qu&#7889;c t&#7871; c&#7911;a B&#7897; T&#224;i ch&#237;nh M&#7929;</strong> &#8212; l&#224; c&#417; ch&#7871; b&#225;o c&#225;o h&#224;ng th&#225;ng do B&#7897; T&#224;i ch&#237;nh M&#7929; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh t&#7915; n&#259;m 1934 nh&#7857;m theo d&#245;i d&#242;ng v&#7889;n xuy&#234;n bi&#234;n gi&#7899;i &#273;i v&#224;o v&#224; &#273;i ra kh&#7887;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh M&#7929;.</p><p>Nguy&#234;n l&#253; c&#7889;t l&#245;i c&#7911;a TIC kh&#225; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n: c&#225;c <strong>custodians</strong>, <strong>broker-dealers</strong> v&#224; t&#7893; ch&#7913;c t&#224;i ch&#237;nh c&#243; tr&#7909; s&#7903; t&#7841;i M&#7929; ph&#7843;i b&#225;o c&#225;o l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929; m&#224; h&#7885; &#273;ang gi&#7919; h&#7897; cho nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i. Nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng l&#224;: TIC ch&#7911; y&#7871;u &#273;o <strong>n&#417;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#432;u k&#253;</strong> &#8212; t&#7913;c <strong>custodial location</strong> &#8212; ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t &#273;o ch&#237;nh x&#225;c <strong>ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7903; h&#7919;u cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng</strong> &#8212; t&#7913;c <strong>beneficial ownership</strong>.</p><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, n&#7871;u m&#7897;t qu&#7889;c gia gi&#7919; Treasuries tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p qua h&#7879; th&#7889;ng l&#432;u k&#253; t&#7841;i M&#7929;, t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; hi&#7879;n d&#432;&#7899;i t&#234;n qu&#7889;c gia &#273;&#243; trong d&#7919; li&#7879;u TIC. Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u c&#249;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng Treasuries &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; qua m&#7897;t custodian trung gian &#7903; Belgium, Luxembourg, Anh, Ph&#225;p ho&#7863;c Canada, d&#7919; li&#7879;u TIC c&#243; th&#7875; ghi nh&#7853;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#243; d&#432;&#7899;i t&#234;n qu&#7889;c gia l&#432;u k&#253; trung gian &#8212; d&#249; ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7903; h&#7919;u kinh t&#7871; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; m&#7897;t ch&#7911; th&#7875; kh&#225;c.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n c&#7889;t l&#245;i c&#7911;a TIC: <strong>n&#243; r&#7845;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch &#273;&#7875; theo d&#245;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; &#7903; &#273;&#226;u, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng lu&#244;n &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; bi&#7871;t ch&#237;nh x&#225;c ai l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#7853;t s&#7921; s&#7903; h&#7919;u t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#243;.</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-vh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa26b0927-2554-4aea-9884-52b4636b7fb8_797x532.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-vh!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa26b0927-2554-4aea-9884-52b4636b7fb8_797x532.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-vh!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa26b0927-2554-4aea-9884-52b4636b7fb8_797x532.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-vh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa26b0927-2554-4aea-9884-52b4636b7fb8_797x532.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-vh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa26b0927-2554-4aea-9884-52b4636b7fb8_797x532.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-vh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa26b0927-2554-4aea-9884-52b4636b7fb8_797x532.png" width="797" height="532" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-vh!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa26b0927-2554-4aea-9884-52b4636b7fb8_797x532.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-vh!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa26b0927-2554-4aea-9884-52b4636b7fb8_797x532.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-vh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa26b0927-2554-4aea-9884-52b4636b7fb8_797x532.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-vh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa26b0927-2554-4aea-9884-52b4636b7fb8_797x532.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>N&#7871;u Trung Qu&#7889;c mua Treasuries v&#224; nh&#7901; Federal Reserve Bank of New York gi&#7919; h&#7897;, con s&#7889; &#273;&#243; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n trong h&#224;ng &#8220;China&#8221; c&#7911;a b&#7843;ng TIC. Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u Trung Qu&#7889;c mua Treasuries v&#224; nh&#7901; Euroclear t&#7841;i B&#7881; hay Clearstream t&#7841;i Luxembourg gi&#7919; h&#7897;, con s&#7889; &#273;&#243; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n trong h&#224;ng &#8220;Belgium&#8221; hay &#8220;Luxembourg&#8221; &#8212; d&#249; ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7903; h&#7919;u th&#7921;c v&#7851;n l&#224; Trung Qu&#7889;c.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ij5z!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F27cc1e4e-3f24-48ed-a8c3-01ce792ebe9b_1193x832.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ij5z!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F27cc1e4e-3f24-48ed-a8c3-01ce792ebe9b_1193x832.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ij5z!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F27cc1e4e-3f24-48ed-a8c3-01ce792ebe9b_1193x832.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ij5z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F27cc1e4e-3f24-48ed-a8c3-01ce792ebe9b_1193x832.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ij5z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F27cc1e4e-3f24-48ed-a8c3-01ce792ebe9b_1193x832.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ij5z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F27cc1e4e-3f24-48ed-a8c3-01ce792ebe9b_1193x832.png" width="1193" height="832" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ij5z!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F27cc1e4e-3f24-48ed-a8c3-01ce792ebe9b_1193x832.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ij5z!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F27cc1e4e-3f24-48ed-a8c3-01ce792ebe9b_1193x832.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ij5z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F27cc1e4e-3f24-48ed-a8c3-01ce792ebe9b_1193x832.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ij5z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F27cc1e4e-3f24-48ed-a8c3-01ce792ebe9b_1193x832.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>B&#7897; T&#224;i ch&#237;nh M&#7929; kh&#244;ng che gi&#7845;u &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y. Trong ph&#7847;n FAQ c&#7911;a TIC, Treasury ghi r&#245;: </p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;D&#7919; li&#7879;u TIC &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c theo qu&#7889;c gia c&#7911;a custodian, ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i qu&#7889;c gia c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i n&#7855;m gi&#7919; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng.&#8221;</em> </p></blockquote><p>Nh&#432;ng disclaimer &#273;&#243; b&#7883; b&#7887; qua m&#7895;i th&#225;ng khi headline &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vi&#7871;t.</p><h3>1.2. T&#7841;i sao SAFE ch&#7885;n custodians n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i &#8212; v&#224; l&#253; do quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t l&#224; th&#225;ng 2/2022</h3><p><strong>Euroclear</strong> t&#7841;i Brussels v&#224; <strong>Clearstream</strong> t&#7841;i Luxembourg l&#224; hai trung t&#226;m l&#432;u k&#253; ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n qu&#7889;c t&#7871; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i, n&#417;i x&#7917; l&#253; kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng giao d&#7883;ch l&#234;n t&#7899;i h&#224;ng ch&#7909;c ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD m&#7895;i n&#259;m.</p><p>C&#225;c ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng l&#7899;n th&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7917; d&#7909;ng nh&#7919;ng h&#7841; t&#7847;ng n&#224;y v&#236; ch&#250;ng mang l&#7841;i nhi&#7873;u l&#7907;i th&#7871;: t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#249;ng linh ho&#7841;t l&#224;m <strong>t&#224;i s&#7843;n th&#7871; ch&#7845;p</strong>, c&#225;c giao d&#7883;ch gi&#7919;a nhi&#7873;u lo&#7841;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c <strong>b&#249; tr&#7915;</strong> hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; h&#417;n, m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ri&#234;ng t&#432; trong giao d&#7883;ch cao h&#417;n, v&#224; m&#250;i gi&#7901; ch&#226;u &#194;u thu&#7853;n ti&#7879;n cho c&#225;c ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; xuy&#234;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p>N&#243;i &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n, Euroclear v&#224; Clearstream kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; n&#417;i &#8220;gi&#7919; h&#7897;&#8221; ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n. Ch&#250;ng l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n quan tr&#7885;ng c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#7889;ng d&#7851;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh to&#224;n c&#7847;u &#8212; n&#417;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#432;u k&#253;, xoay v&#242;ng, th&#7871; ch&#7845;p v&#224; t&#225;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; m&#7897;t c&#225;ch linh ho&#7841;t h&#417;n so v&#7899;i vi&#7879;c ch&#7881; n&#7857;m tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng custody c&#7911;a M&#7929;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UGog!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c7d4a1e-7033-46be-83b0-9a7347bb88c8_624x233.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UGog!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c7d4a1e-7033-46be-83b0-9a7347bb88c8_624x233.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UGog!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c7d4a1e-7033-46be-83b0-9a7347bb88c8_624x233.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UGog!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c7d4a1e-7033-46be-83b0-9a7347bb88c8_624x233.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UGog!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c7d4a1e-7033-46be-83b0-9a7347bb88c8_624x233.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UGog!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c7d4a1e-7033-46be-83b0-9a7347bb88c8_624x233.jpeg" width="624" height="233" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7c7d4a1e-7033-46be-83b0-9a7347bb88c8_624x233.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:233,&quot;width&quot;:624,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Euroclear - What It Is, Examples, Vs Clearstream &amp; CREST&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Euroclear - What It Is, Examples, Vs Clearstream &amp; CREST" title="Euroclear - What It Is, Examples, Vs Clearstream &amp; CREST" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UGog!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c7d4a1e-7033-46be-83b0-9a7347bb88c8_624x233.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UGog!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c7d4a1e-7033-46be-83b0-9a7347bb88c8_624x233.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UGog!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c7d4a1e-7033-46be-83b0-9a7347bb88c8_624x233.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UGog!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c7d4a1e-7033-46be-83b0-9a7347bb88c8_624x233.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n: <em><strong>SAFE (State Administration of Foreign Exchange - C&#7909;c Qu&#7843;n l&#253; Ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i Nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c Trung Qu&#7889;c)</strong></em> c&#243; c&#7893; ph&#7847;n t&#7841;i Euroclear. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng th&#7875; ch&#7871; tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p v&#7873; m&#7889;i li&#234;n h&#7879;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng ng&#224;y <strong>26/2/2022</strong>, gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#243; thay &#273;&#7893;i ho&#224;n to&#224;n. Khi G7 tuy&#234;n b&#7889; &#273;&#243;ng b&#259;ng kho&#7843;ng <strong>300&#8211;350 t&#7927; USD</strong> d&#7921; tr&#7919; c&#7911;a Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng Trung &#432;&#417;ng Nga, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7853;n ra m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u: t&#224;i s&#7843;n d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; c&#243; r&#7911;i ro gi&#225;, r&#7911;i ro l&#227;i su&#7845;t hay r&#7911;i ro thanh kho&#7843;n. N&#243; c&#242;n c&#243; <strong>r&#7911;i ro l&#432;u k&#253;</strong> &#8212; t&#7913;c r&#7911;i ro t&#224;i s&#7843;n v&#7851;n t&#7891;n t&#7841;i tr&#234;n gi&#7845;y t&#7901;, nh&#432;ng ch&#7911; s&#7903; h&#7919;u kh&#244;ng c&#242;n to&#224;n quy&#7873;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Slt2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78c3f4aa-5026-4c27-ab23-91c002494abc_600x400.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Slt2!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78c3f4aa-5026-4c27-ab23-91c002494abc_600x400.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Slt2!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78c3f4aa-5026-4c27-ab23-91c002494abc_600x400.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Slt2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78c3f4aa-5026-4c27-ab23-91c002494abc_600x400.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Slt2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78c3f4aa-5026-4c27-ab23-91c002494abc_600x400.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Slt2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78c3f4aa-5026-4c27-ab23-91c002494abc_600x400.jpeg" width="600" height="400" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/78c3f4aa-5026-4c27-ab23-91c002494abc_600x400.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:400,&quot;width&quot;:600,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;G7 Finalizes $50 Billion Ukraine Loan Backed by Russian Assets - The New  York Times&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="G7 Finalizes $50 Billion Ukraine Loan Backed by Russian Assets - The New  York Times" title="G7 Finalizes $50 Billion Ukraine Loan Backed by Russian Assets - The New  York Times" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Slt2!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78c3f4aa-5026-4c27-ab23-91c002494abc_600x400.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Slt2!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78c3f4aa-5026-4c27-ab23-91c002494abc_600x400.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Slt2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78c3f4aa-5026-4c27-ab23-91c002494abc_600x400.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Slt2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F78c3f4aa-5026-4c27-ab23-91c002494abc_600x400.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#272;i&#7875;m k&#7929; thu&#7853;t &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253; n&#7857;m &#7903; Euroclear. Khi tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Nga b&#7883; &#273;&#243;ng b&#259;ng t&#7841;i &#273;&#226;y &#273;&#225;o h&#7841;n, d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n g&#7889;c v&#224; l&#227;i kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chuy&#7875;n tr&#7843; b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng cho ch&#7911; s&#7903; h&#7919;u. Thay v&#224;o &#273;&#243;, ti&#7873;n b&#7883; gi&#7919; l&#7841;i trong c&#225;c t&#224;i kho&#7843;n ti&#7873;n g&#7917;i kh&#244;ng sinh l&#227;i ho&#7863;c b&#7883; h&#7841;n ch&#7871; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng. N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, t&#224;i s&#7843;n ch&#432;a b&#7883; x&#243;a s&#7893;, nh&#432;ng ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng kinh t&#7871; c&#7911;a n&#243; &#8212; t&#7841;o thanh kho&#7843;n, sinh l&#227;i, t&#225;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; &#8212; &#273;&#227; b&#7883; t&#234; li&#7879;t.</p><p>V&#7899;i Trung Qu&#7889;c, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t b&#224;i h&#7885;c r&#7845;t c&#7909; th&#7875;. N&#7871;u d&#7921; tr&#7919; c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; &#273;&#243;ng b&#259;ng th&#244;ng qua h&#7879; th&#7889;ng custodian, th&#236; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n ch&#7881; l&#224; <strong>n&#7855;m t&#224;i s&#7843;n g&#236;</strong>, m&#224; c&#242;n l&#224; <strong>n&#7855;m &#7903; &#273;&#226;u, qua ai, v&#224; d&#432;&#7899;i quy&#7873;n t&#224;i ph&#225;n n&#224;o</strong>.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do sau n&#259;m 2022, vi&#7879;c ph&#226;n t&#225;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n qua nhi&#7873;u custodians kh&#244;ng c&#242;n ch&#7881; l&#224; l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n k&#7929; thu&#7853;t. N&#243; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c qu&#7843;n l&#253; r&#7911;i ro &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;.</p><div><hr></div><h2>T&#7846;NG II &#8212; B&#7842;N &#272;&#7890; TH&#7852;T S&#7920;: TRUNG QU&#7888;C TH&#7920;C S&#7920; &#272;ANG N&#7854;M BAO NHI&#202;U SAU &#272;I&#7872;U CH&#7880;NH BELGIUM</h2><h3>2.1. V&#236; sao 652 t&#7927; USD ch&#7881; l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u</h3><p>Khi b&#225;o ch&#237; n&#243;i Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang n&#7855;m <strong>652 t&#7927; USD Treasuries</strong>, con s&#7889; &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng sai. Nh&#432;ng n&#243; ch&#7881; &#273;o m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n r&#7845;t h&#7865;p: l&#432;&#7907;ng Treasuries &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p d&#432;&#7899;i t&#234;n <strong>&#8220;China, Mainland - Trung Qu&#7889;c &#272;&#7841;i L&#7909;c&#8221;</strong> trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng TIC c&#7911;a B&#7897; T&#224;i ch&#237;nh M&#7929;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LRPx!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e31e0e5-009f-4e36-9b96-90b4e9859c9a_1077x186.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LRPx!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e31e0e5-009f-4e36-9b96-90b4e9859c9a_1077x186.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LRPx!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e31e0e5-009f-4e36-9b96-90b4e9859c9a_1077x186.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LRPx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e31e0e5-009f-4e36-9b96-90b4e9859c9a_1077x186.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LRPx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e31e0e5-009f-4e36-9b96-90b4e9859c9a_1077x186.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LRPx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e31e0e5-009f-4e36-9b96-90b4e9859c9a_1077x186.png" width="1077" height="186" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4e31e0e5-009f-4e36-9b96-90b4e9859c9a_1077x186.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:186,&quot;width&quot;:1077,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:29709,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e31e0e5-009f-4e36-9b96-90b4e9859c9a_1077x186.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LRPx!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e31e0e5-009f-4e36-9b96-90b4e9859c9a_1077x186.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LRPx!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e31e0e5-009f-4e36-9b96-90b4e9859c9a_1077x186.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LRPx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e31e0e5-009f-4e36-9b96-90b4e9859c9a_1077x186.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LRPx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e31e0e5-009f-4e36-9b96-90b4e9859c9a_1077x186.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; l&#224; TIC ch&#7911; y&#7871;u &#273;o <strong>n&#417;i l&#432;u k&#253;</strong>, kh&#244;ng &#273;o &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; <strong>ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7903; h&#7919;u cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng</strong>. N&#7871;u Trung Qu&#7889;c gi&#7919; Treasuries qua New York, t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; hi&#7879;n d&#432;&#7899;i d&#242;ng China. Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; qua Euroclear &#7903; Belgium, Clearstream &#7903; Luxembourg, ho&#7863;c m&#7897;t custodian t&#7841;i Canada, Anh, Ph&#225;p, th&#236; n&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; hi&#7879;n d&#432;&#7899;i t&#234;n c&#225;c jurisdiction &#273;&#243; &#8212; d&#249; beneficial owner cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng v&#7851;n c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; Trung Qu&#7889;c.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#250;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#242;n bao nhi&#234;u Treasuries trong d&#242;ng China c&#7911;a TIC?</p></blockquote><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#250;ng h&#417;n l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#242;n bao nhi&#234;u t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929;/USD n&#7871;u t&#237;nh c&#7843; ph&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; qua custodians n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i v&#224; c&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh ch&#7871; nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c kh&#225;c?</p></blockquote><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; l&#253; do con s&#7889; 652 t&#7927; USD ch&#7881; l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng.</p><h3>2.2. L&#432;&#7907;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u th&#7921;c t&#7871; c&#243; th&#7875; g&#7847;n 750&#8211;850 t&#7927; USD - T&#7841;i sao Belgium (B&#7881;) t&#7915;ng l&#224; d&#7845;u v&#7871;t t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t</h3><p>Tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#226;y, <strong>Belgium/Euroclear</strong> l&#224; d&#7845;u v&#7871;t quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7885;c ph&#7847;n Treasuries Trung Qu&#7889;c gi&#7919; ngo&#224;i U.S. custodians. Giai &#273;o&#7841;n <strong>2014&#8211;2016</strong>, holdings t&#7841;i Belgium di chuy&#7875;n kh&#225; s&#225;t v&#7899;i bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng d&#7921; tr&#7919; Trung Qu&#7889;c, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t khi B&#7855;c Kinh b&#225;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#7875; h&#7895; tr&#7907; nh&#226;n d&#226;n t&#7879;. V&#236; v&#7853;y, <strong>&#8220;Belgium Adjustment&#8221;</strong> t&#7915;ng l&#224; c&#225;ch h&#7907;p l&#253; &#273;&#7875; &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh ph&#7847;n Treasuries c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng hi&#7879;n tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p d&#432;&#7899;i d&#242;ng <strong>&#8220;China&#8221;</strong> trong TIC.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L1wj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05e76267-71df-4cbc-aa02-fcdc45705215_1920x1440.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L1wj!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05e76267-71df-4cbc-aa02-fcdc45705215_1920x1440.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L1wj!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05e76267-71df-4cbc-aa02-fcdc45705215_1920x1440.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L1wj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05e76267-71df-4cbc-aa02-fcdc45705215_1920x1440.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L1wj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05e76267-71df-4cbc-aa02-fcdc45705215_1920x1440.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L1wj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05e76267-71df-4cbc-aa02-fcdc45705215_1920x1440.png" width="1456" height="1092" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/05e76267-71df-4cbc-aa02-fcdc45705215_1920x1440.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1092,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L1wj!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05e76267-71df-4cbc-aa02-fcdc45705215_1920x1440.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L1wj!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05e76267-71df-4cbc-aa02-fcdc45705215_1920x1440.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L1wj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05e76267-71df-4cbc-aa02-fcdc45705215_1920x1440.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L1wj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05e76267-71df-4cbc-aa02-fcdc45705215_1920x1440.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#8212; Treasury holdings sau &#8220;Belgium Adjustment&#8221;</strong> &#8212; Khi c&#7897;ng th&#234;m ph&#7847;n Treasuries &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; qua Belgium, m&#7913;c gi&#7843;m trong holdings tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p t&#7841;i U.S. custodians tr&#7903; n&#234;n b&#7899;t c&#7921;c &#273;oan h&#417;n. Chart cho th&#7845;y d&#242;ng &#8220;China&#8221; trong TIC kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;n &#225;nh &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; to&#224;n b&#7897; Treasury exposure c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t khi t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; qua custodians ngo&#224;i M&#7929;.</figcaption></figure></div><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, sau n&#259;m 2020&#8211;2022, ch&#7881; nh&#236;n Belgium kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#7911;. B&#224;i h&#7885;c t&#7915; vi&#7879;c G7 &#273;&#243;ng b&#259;ng d&#7921; tr&#7919; Nga khi&#7871;n c&#225;c n&#432;&#7899;c l&#7899;n c&#243; &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c r&#245; r&#224;ng &#273;&#7875; kh&#244;ng t&#7853;p trung t&#224;i s&#7843;n t&#7841;i m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m l&#432;u k&#253; duy nh&#7845;t. V&#7899;i Trung Qu&#7889;c, &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n Treasury c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#226;n t&#225;n r&#7897;ng h&#417;n qua nhi&#7873;u trung t&#226;m t&#224;i ch&#237;nh ch&#226;u &#194;u.</p><p>D&#7919; li&#7879;u cho th&#7845;y holdings t&#7841;i <strong>Belgium, Luxembourg, France v&#224; UK</strong> &#273;&#7873;u t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh trong nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y. Trong khi &#273;&#243;, Treasuries ghi tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p d&#432;&#7899;i t&#234;n Trung Qu&#7889;c t&#7841;i U.S. custodians l&#7841;i gi&#7843;m. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ch&#7913;ng minh to&#224;n b&#7897; ph&#7847;n t&#259;ng &#7903; ch&#226;u &#194;u l&#224; c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c, nh&#432;ng n&#243; cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng: <strong>d&#242;ng &#8220;China&#8221; trong TIC ng&#224;y c&#224;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho to&#224;n b&#7897; Treasury exposure c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c.</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WJb6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F219e2101-65e4-4d0c-bf31-6ec081293ccd_1023x743.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WJb6!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F219e2101-65e4-4d0c-bf31-6ec081293ccd_1023x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WJb6!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F219e2101-65e4-4d0c-bf31-6ec081293ccd_1023x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WJb6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F219e2101-65e4-4d0c-bf31-6ec081293ccd_1023x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WJb6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F219e2101-65e4-4d0c-bf31-6ec081293ccd_1023x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WJb6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F219e2101-65e4-4d0c-bf31-6ec081293ccd_1023x743.png" width="1023" height="743" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/219e2101-65e4-4d0c-bf31-6ec081293ccd_1023x743.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:743,&quot;width&quot;:1023,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WJb6!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F219e2101-65e4-4d0c-bf31-6ec081293ccd_1023x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WJb6!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F219e2101-65e4-4d0c-bf31-6ec081293ccd_1023x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WJb6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F219e2101-65e4-4d0c-bf31-6ec081293ccd_1023x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WJb6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F219e2101-65e4-4d0c-bf31-6ec081293ccd_1023x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><strong>Treasury holdings t&#7841;i c&#225;c trung t&#226;m l&#432;u k&#253; ch&#226;u &#194;u</strong> - Treasury holdings t&#7841;i Belgium, Luxembourg, France v&#224; UK c&#249;ng t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh, cho th&#7845;y t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#226;n t&#225;n qua nhi&#7873;u custodians ch&#226;u &#194;u. V&#236; v&#7853;y, ch&#7881; nh&#236;n Belgium kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7885;c d&#7845;u v&#7871;t t&#224;i s&#7843;n Trung Qu&#7889;c ngo&#224;i U.S. custodians.</figcaption></figure></div><p>M&#7897;t t&#237;nh to&#225;n th&#7853;n tr&#7885;ng c&#225; nh&#226;n m&#236;nh l&#224; c&#7897;ng th&#234;m kho&#7843;ng <strong>100&#8211;150 t&#7927; USD</strong> Treasuries t&#7915; nh&#243;m custodians ch&#226;u &#194;u n&#224;y v&#224;o con s&#7889; TIC ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwKk!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75ed61a-ac7b-4d04-a93c-c9ed67f99b60_511x140.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwKk!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75ed61a-ac7b-4d04-a93c-c9ed67f99b60_511x140.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwKk!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75ed61a-ac7b-4d04-a93c-c9ed67f99b60_511x140.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwKk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75ed61a-ac7b-4d04-a93c-c9ed67f99b60_511x140.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwKk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75ed61a-ac7b-4d04-a93c-c9ed67f99b60_511x140.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwKk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75ed61a-ac7b-4d04-a93c-c9ed67f99b60_511x140.png" width="511" height="140" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d75ed61a-ac7b-4d04-a93c-c9ed67f99b60_511x140.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:140,&quot;width&quot;:511,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:18107,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75ed61a-ac7b-4d04-a93c-c9ed67f99b60_511x140.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwKk!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75ed61a-ac7b-4d04-a93c-c9ed67f99b60_511x140.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwKk!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75ed61a-ac7b-4d04-a93c-c9ed67f99b60_511x140.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwKk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75ed61a-ac7b-4d04-a93c-c9ed67f99b60_511x140.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kwKk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd75ed61a-ac7b-4d04-a93c-c9ed67f99b60_511x140.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#272;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng l&#224;: Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#227; gi&#7843;m ph&#7847;n <strong>long-term Treasuries</strong> so v&#7899;i &#273;&#7881;nh n&#259;m 2013. Nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7891;ng ngh&#297;a h&#7885; &#273;&#227; r&#7901;i b&#7887; t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD. M&#7897;t ph&#7847;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#227; chuy&#7875;n sang custodians n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i, T-bills, t&#224;i s&#7843;n ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n ho&#7863;c Agency securities.</p><p>N&#243;i ng&#7855;n g&#7885;n:</p><blockquote><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;ang gi&#7919; &#237;t Treasuries d&#224;i h&#7841;n h&#417;n, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t &#273;ang gi&#7919; &#237;t &#273;&#244; la h&#417;n.</p></blockquote><div><hr></div><h2>T&#7846;NG III &#8212; &#8220;OH, CANADA&#8221;: AGENCY SECURITIES V&#192; B&#205; &#7848;N CANADA </h2><h3>3.1. M&#7843;nh gh&#233;p b&#7883; b&#7887; qua: Agency securities</h3><p>N&#7871;u ch&#7881; nh&#236;n Treasuries, ta v&#7851;n thi&#7871;u m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n quan tr&#7885;ng c&#7911;a b&#7913;c tranh.</p><p>Trong danh m&#7909;c c&#7911;a c&#225;c nh&#224; qu&#7843;n l&#253; d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i l&#7899;n, t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; g&#7891;m tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Kho b&#7841;c M&#7929;. M&#7897;t l&#7899;p t&#224;i s&#7843;n quan tr&#7885;ng kh&#225;c l&#224; <strong>ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n Agency</strong> &#8212; t&#7913;c c&#225;c ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n do nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7883;nh ch&#7871; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; M&#7929; b&#7843;o tr&#7907; ph&#225;t h&#224;nh ho&#7863;c b&#7843;o l&#227;nh, n&#7893;i b&#7853;t l&#224; <strong>Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac</strong> v&#224; c&#225;c <em><strong>doanh nghi&#7879;p &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; b&#7843;o tr&#7907;</strong></em> kh&#225;c.</p><p>Agencies h&#7845;p d&#7851;n v&#236; ch&#250;ng n&#7857;m r&#7845;t g&#7847;n Treasuries tr&#234;n thang an to&#224;n: thanh kho&#7843;n cao, r&#7911;i ro t&#237;n d&#7909;ng th&#7845;p, c&#243; b&#7843;o l&#227;nh ng&#7847;m c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; M&#7929;, nh&#432;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#7843; yield cao h&#417;n Treasuries c&#249;ng k&#7923; h&#7841;n. N&#243;i &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n, n&#7871;u Treasuries l&#224; v&#249;ng an to&#224;n nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng USD, th&#236; Agencies l&#224; c&#225;ch ki&#7871;m th&#234;m m&#7897;t ch&#250;t l&#7907;i su&#7845;t m&#224; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i r&#7901;i qu&#225; xa v&#249;ng an to&#224;n &#273;&#243;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T13A!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68ca1953-18c0-4608-94e6-77c1f837be39_579x328.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T13A!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68ca1953-18c0-4608-94e6-77c1f837be39_579x328.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T13A!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68ca1953-18c0-4608-94e6-77c1f837be39_579x328.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T13A!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68ca1953-18c0-4608-94e6-77c1f837be39_579x328.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T13A!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68ca1953-18c0-4608-94e6-77c1f837be39_579x328.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T13A!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68ca1953-18c0-4608-94e6-77c1f837be39_579x328.png" width="579" height="328" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/68ca1953-18c0-4608-94e6-77c1f837be39_579x328.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:328,&quot;width&quot;:579,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities &#8211; What It Is, Examples&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities &#8211; What It Is, Examples&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities &#8211; What It Is, Examples" title="Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities &#8211; What It Is, Examples" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T13A!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68ca1953-18c0-4608-94e6-77c1f837be39_579x328.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T13A!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68ca1953-18c0-4608-94e6-77c1f837be39_579x328.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T13A!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68ca1953-18c0-4608-94e6-77c1f837be39_579x328.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T13A!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68ca1953-18c0-4608-94e6-77c1f837be39_579x328.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#272;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng l&#224; logic chuy&#7875;n d&#7883;ch n&#417;i l&#432;u k&#253; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; &#225;p d&#7909;ng v&#7899;i Tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u. N&#7871;u tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Kho b&#7841;c M&#7929; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chuy&#7875;n kh&#7887;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng l&#432;u k&#253; t&#7841;i M&#7929; sang <strong>Belgium, Luxembourg, France ho&#7863;c UK</strong>, th&#236; Agency securities c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;i qua m&#7897;t &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#7889;ng t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921;.</p><p>Ch&#7881; kh&#225;c l&#224; trong c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n Treasuries, d&#7845;u v&#7871;t n&#7893;i b&#7853;t l&#224; <strong>Belgium/Euroclear</strong>. C&#242;n trong c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n Agencies, c&#225;i t&#234;n &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253; h&#417;n l&#7841;i l&#224; <strong>Canada</strong>.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; l&#253; do Agency securities l&#224; m&#7843;nh gh&#233;p kh&#244;ng th&#7875; b&#7887; qua. Agency holdings c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c trong d&#7919; li&#7879;u custodians M&#7929; t&#7915;ng &#273;&#7841;t tr&#234;n <strong>250 t&#7927; USD</strong>, r&#7891;i gi&#7843;m xu&#7889;ng kho&#7843;ng <strong>150 t&#7927; USD</strong> sau n&#259;m 2022. N&#7871;u ch&#7881; nh&#236;n d&#242;ng &#8220;China&#8221;, ta c&#243; th&#7875; k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n r&#7857;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;&#227; b&#225;n h&#417;n <strong>100 t&#7927; USD</strong> Agencies.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lidO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d83810b-0052-4a50-bfe1-41996f59cbe9_1023x743.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lidO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d83810b-0052-4a50-bfe1-41996f59cbe9_1023x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lidO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d83810b-0052-4a50-bfe1-41996f59cbe9_1023x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lidO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d83810b-0052-4a50-bfe1-41996f59cbe9_1023x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lidO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d83810b-0052-4a50-bfe1-41996f59cbe9_1023x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lidO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d83810b-0052-4a50-bfe1-41996f59cbe9_1023x743.png" width="1023" height="743" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6d83810b-0052-4a50-bfe1-41996f59cbe9_1023x743.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:743,&quot;width&quot;:1023,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lidO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d83810b-0052-4a50-bfe1-41996f59cbe9_1023x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lidO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d83810b-0052-4a50-bfe1-41996f59cbe9_1023x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lidO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d83810b-0052-4a50-bfe1-41996f59cbe9_1023x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lidO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d83810b-0052-4a50-bfe1-41996f59cbe9_1023x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><strong>Belgium/Euroclear Treasury holdings v&#224; t&#432;&#417;ng quan v&#7899;i c&#225;c trung t&#226;m l&#432;u k&#253; ch&#226;u &#194;u kh&#225;c</strong> &#8212; Belgium t&#7915;ng l&#224; d&#7845;u v&#7871;t n&#7893;i b&#7853;t c&#7911;a Treasuries &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; ngo&#224;i U.S. custodians. Nh&#432;ng t&#7915; sau 2020, holdings t&#7841;i Belgium v&#224; nh&#243;m custodial centers ch&#226;u &#194;u kh&#225;c c&#7897;ng UK c&#249;ng t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh, cho th&#7845;y t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#226;n t&#225;n qua c&#7843; m&#7897;t m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i l&#432;u k&#253; r&#7897;ng h&#417;n.</figcaption></figure></div><p>Nh&#432;ng c&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; qu&#225; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n. C&#249;ng th&#7901;i gian Agency holdings tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c gi&#7843;m trong d&#7919; li&#7879;u M&#7929;, holdings t&#7841;i Canada v&#224; m&#7897;t s&#7889; custodial centers ch&#226;u &#194;u l&#7841;i t&#259;ng l&#234;n &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y &#273;&#7863;t ra m&#7897;t kh&#7843; n&#259;ng quan tr&#7885;ng: m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n Agencies kh&#244;ng bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t kh&#7887;i danh m&#7909;c Trung Qu&#7889;c, m&#224; ch&#7881; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chuy&#7875;n sang gi&#7919; qua c&#225;c custodians n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i.</p><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, sau Belgium trong c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n Treasuries, &#273;&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;t Canada tr&#7903; th&#224;nh d&#7845;u v&#7871;t c&#7847;n theo d&#245;i trong c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n Agencies.</p><blockquote><p><strong>N&#7871;u Treasuries cho th&#7845;y Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD b&#7899;t visible qua ch&#226;u &#194;u, th&#236; Agencies cho th&#7845;y c&#249;ng m&#7897;t logic c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;ang di&#7877;n ra qua Canada.</strong></p></blockquote><h3>3.2. Canada v&#224; d&#7845;u v&#7871;t b&#7845;t th&#432;&#7901;ng</h3><p>&#272;i&#7875;m l&#7841; nh&#7845;t trong d&#7919; li&#7879;u Agency holdings n&#7857;m &#7903; <strong>Canada</strong>.</p><p>T&#7915; kho&#7843;ng n&#259;m 2020&#8211;2021, Canada b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh l&#432;&#7907;ng <strong>Agency securities</strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n trong TIC. Xu h&#432;&#7899;ng n&#224;y ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c k&#233;o d&#224;i qua n&#259;m 2024. C&#249;ng th&#7901;i gian &#273;&#243;, Agency holdings &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p d&#432;&#7899;i t&#234;n Trung Qu&#7889;c l&#7841;i gi&#7843;m m&#7841;nh &#8212; t&#7915; v&#249;ng tr&#234;n <strong>250 t&#7927; USD</strong> xu&#7889;ng kho&#7843;ng <strong>150 t&#7927; USD</strong> sau n&#259;m 2022.</p><p>Pattern n&#224;y r&#7845;t &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;. N&#7871;u ch&#7881; nh&#236;n d&#242;ng &#8220;China&#8221;, ta c&#243; th&#7875; k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n r&#7857;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;&#227; b&#225;n h&#417;n 100 t&#7927; USD Agencies. Nh&#432;ng khi &#273;&#7863;t c&#7841;nh Canada v&#224; c&#225;c custodial centers ch&#226;u &#194;u, b&#7913;c tranh tr&#7903; n&#234;n ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n: ph&#7847;n Trung Qu&#7889;c gi&#7843;m xu&#7889;ng l&#7841;i g&#7847;n nh&#432; tr&#249;ng v&#7899;i giai &#273;o&#7841;n Canada v&#224; EU custodial centers t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7WEx!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F383e4e55-e300-475b-9c0d-030c591aa578_1023x743.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7WEx!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F383e4e55-e300-475b-9c0d-030c591aa578_1023x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7WEx!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F383e4e55-e300-475b-9c0d-030c591aa578_1023x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7WEx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F383e4e55-e300-475b-9c0d-030c591aa578_1023x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7WEx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F383e4e55-e300-475b-9c0d-030c591aa578_1023x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7WEx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F383e4e55-e300-475b-9c0d-030c591aa578_1023x743.png" width="1023" height="743" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/383e4e55-e300-475b-9c0d-030c591aa578_1023x743.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:743,&quot;width&quot;:1023,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7WEx!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F383e4e55-e300-475b-9c0d-030c591aa578_1023x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7WEx!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F383e4e55-e300-475b-9c0d-030c591aa578_1023x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7WEx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F383e4e55-e300-475b-9c0d-030c591aa578_1023x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7WEx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F383e4e55-e300-475b-9c0d-030c591aa578_1023x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><strong>Agency holdings &#8212; China so v&#7899;i Canada v&#224; EU custodial centers</strong></figcaption></figure></div><p>Chart n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ch&#7913;ng minh ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n r&#7857;ng to&#224;n b&#7897; ph&#7847;n t&#259;ng &#7903; Canada v&#224; ch&#226;u &#194;u l&#224; c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c. Nh&#432;ng n&#243; &#273;&#7863;t ra m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i r&#7845;t quan tr&#7885;ng: <strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#243; th&#7853;t s&#7921; b&#225;n Agencies, hay ch&#7881; chuy&#7875;n n&#417;i l&#432;u k&#253; sang Canada, Luxembourg, Ph&#225;p v&#224; c&#225;c custodians ngo&#224;i M&#7929; kh&#225;c?</strong></p><p>N&#7871;u &#273;&#250;ng l&#224; chuy&#7875;n custodian, th&#236; d&#7919; li&#7879;u TIC s&#7869; kh&#244;ng ghi t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#243; d&#432;&#7899;i t&#234;n Trung Qu&#7889;c n&#7919;a. N&#243; s&#7869; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n d&#432;&#7899;i t&#234;n Canada ho&#7863;c c&#225;c trung t&#226;m l&#432;u k&#253; ch&#226;u &#194;u, d&#249; beneficial owner cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng c&#243; th&#7875; v&#7851;n l&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7883;nh ch&#7871; Trung Qu&#7889;c.</p><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n &#7903; Agencies r&#7845;t gi&#7889;ng c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n Treasuries: <strong>t&#224;i s&#7843;n kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t kh&#7887;i danh m&#7909;c Trung Qu&#7889;c; n&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7881; &#273;ang &#273;&#7893;i &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7881; l&#432;u k&#253;.</strong> &#272;&#226;y l&#224; l&#253; do c&#225;c headline ki&#7875;u &#8220;China cuts U.S. holdings&#8221; c&#243; th&#7875; g&#226;y hi&#7875;u nh&#7847;m n&#7871;u ch&#7881; &#273;&#7885;c d&#242;ng China trong TIC.</p><h3>3.3. Agency holdings th&#7921;c t&#7871; c&#243; th&#7875; cao h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u</h3><p>T&#7915; d&#7919; li&#7879;u tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p trong TIC, Agency holdings c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c hi&#7879;n ch&#7881; c&#242;n kho&#7843;ng <strong>150 t&#7927; USD</strong>. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; con s&#7889; &#8220;nh&#236;n th&#7845;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c&#8221; d&#432;&#7899;i d&#242;ng China. Nh&#432;ng sau khi &#273;&#7863;t c&#7841;nh Canada v&#224; c&#225;c custodial centers ch&#226;u &#194;u, con s&#7889; n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7881; l&#224; <strong>floor</strong>, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i to&#224;n b&#7897; b&#7913;c tranh.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dypG!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56e7c4a2-5573-4dc9-88f6-c5f9c2ae9ed8_688x173.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dypG!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56e7c4a2-5573-4dc9-88f6-c5f9c2ae9ed8_688x173.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dypG!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56e7c4a2-5573-4dc9-88f6-c5f9c2ae9ed8_688x173.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dypG!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56e7c4a2-5573-4dc9-88f6-c5f9c2ae9ed8_688x173.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dypG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56e7c4a2-5573-4dc9-88f6-c5f9c2ae9ed8_688x173.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dypG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56e7c4a2-5573-4dc9-88f6-c5f9c2ae9ed8_688x173.png" width="688" height="173" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/56e7c4a2-5573-4dc9-88f6-c5f9c2ae9ed8_688x173.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:173,&quot;width&quot;:688,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:27162,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56e7c4a2-5573-4dc9-88f6-c5f9c2ae9ed8_688x173.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dypG!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56e7c4a2-5573-4dc9-88f6-c5f9c2ae9ed8_688x173.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dypG!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56e7c4a2-5573-4dc9-88f6-c5f9c2ae9ed8_688x173.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dypG!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56e7c4a2-5573-4dc9-88f6-c5f9c2ae9ed8_688x173.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dypG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56e7c4a2-5573-4dc9-88f6-c5f9c2ae9ed8_688x173.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Chart d&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y minh h&#7885;a <strong>k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n bi&#234;n tr&#234;n</strong>: n&#7871;u c&#7897;ng to&#224;n b&#7897; Agency securities &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi d&#432;&#7899;i t&#234;n China, Canada v&#224; c&#225;c EU custodial centers, t&#7893;ng holdings c&#243; th&#7875; v&#432;&#7907;t <strong>500 t&#7927; USD</strong>.</p><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, &#273;&#226;y <strong>kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i benchmark ch&#237;nh</strong>. L&#253; do l&#224; ta kh&#244;ng th&#7875; gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh to&#224;n b&#7897; ph&#7847;n Agency holdings t&#7841;i Canada v&#224; ch&#226;u &#194;u &#273;&#7873;u thu&#7897;c v&#7873; Trung Qu&#7889;c. C&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c h&#7907;p l&#253; h&#417;n l&#224; xem m&#7913;c <strong>tr&#234;n 500 t&#7927; USD</strong> nh&#432; m&#7897;t <strong>upper bound</strong> &#8212; m&#7897;t gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n t&#7889;i &#273;a &#273;&#7875; h&#236;nh dung quy m&#244; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;, ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i con s&#7889; &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh trung t&#226;m.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDfj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7987824-40e7-45b5-b6cf-e3513814b97b_1023x743.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDfj!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7987824-40e7-45b5-b6cf-e3513814b97b_1023x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDfj!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7987824-40e7-45b5-b6cf-e3513814b97b_1023x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDfj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7987824-40e7-45b5-b6cf-e3513814b97b_1023x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDfj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7987824-40e7-45b5-b6cf-e3513814b97b_1023x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDfj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7987824-40e7-45b5-b6cf-e3513814b97b_1023x743.png" width="1023" height="743" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c7987824-40e7-45b5-b6cf-e3513814b97b_1023x743.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:743,&quot;width&quot;:1023,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDfj!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7987824-40e7-45b5-b6cf-e3513814b97b_1023x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDfj!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7987824-40e7-45b5-b6cf-e3513814b97b_1023x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDfj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7987824-40e7-45b5-b6cf-e3513814b97b_1023x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDfj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7987824-40e7-45b5-b6cf-e3513814b97b_1023x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#8212; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n tr&#234;n c&#7911;a Agency holdings</strong> &#8212; Khi c&#7897;ng Agency securities ghi d&#432;&#7899;i t&#234;n China, Canada v&#224; EU custodial centers, t&#7893;ng holdings c&#243; th&#7875; v&#432;&#7907;t 500 t&#7927; USD. &#272;&#226;y n&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7885;c nh&#432; m&#7897;t upper bound, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i benchmark, nh&#432;ng n&#243; cho th&#7845;y con s&#7889; 150 t&#7927; USD trong d&#242;ng China c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; th&#7845;p &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; Agency exposure th&#7921;c t&#7871; n&#7871;u m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chuy&#7875;n sang custodians ngo&#224;i M&#7929;.</figcaption></figure></div><p>C&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c h&#7907;p l&#253; h&#417;n l&#224; d&#249;ng <strong>kho&#7843;ng &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh</strong>, thay v&#236; m&#7897;t con s&#7889; tuy&#7879;t &#273;&#7889;i. <strong>150 t&#7927; USD</strong> l&#224; m&#7913;c th&#7845;p nh&#7845;t c&#243; th&#7875; quan s&#225;t tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p. <strong>300&#8211;400 t&#7927; USD</strong> l&#224; v&#249;ng h&#7907;p l&#253; h&#417;n n&#7871;u m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; holdings t&#7841;i Canada v&#224; ch&#226;u &#194;u th&#7921;c s&#7921; l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chuy&#7875;n custodian. C&#242;n m&#7913;c <strong>tr&#234;n 500 t&#7927; USD</strong> ch&#7881; n&#234;n xem l&#224; bi&#234;n tr&#234;n r&#7845;t r&#7897;ng, d&#249;ng &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u quy m&#244; t&#7889;i &#273;a c&#7911;a v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;.</p><p>&#272;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; ch&#7885;n ch&#237;nh x&#225;c m&#7897;t con s&#7889;. &#272;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng l&#224;: <strong>Agency holdings th&#7921;c t&#7871; c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c g&#7847;n nh&#432; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i d&#242;ng China trong TIC.</strong></p><p>N&#7871;u Treasuries c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; th&#7845;p v&#236; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; qua Belgium, Luxembourg, France hay UK, th&#236; Agencies c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; th&#7845;p v&#236; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; qua Canada v&#224; EU custodial centers. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; l&#253; do kh&#244;ng th&#7875; ch&#7881; nh&#236;n v&#224;o con s&#7889; <strong>150 t&#7927; USD</strong> r&#7891;i k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n r&#7857;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;&#227; r&#7901;i kh&#7887;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng Agency securities.</p><h3>3.4. K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n: &#272;&#7915;ng ch&#7881; nh&#236;n Treasuries</h3><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>150 t&#7927; USD l&#224; ph&#7847;n nh&#236;n th&#7845;y. 300&#8211;400 t&#7927; USD c&#243; th&#7875; g&#7847;n h&#417;n v&#7899;i b&#7913;c tranh th&#7921;c t&#7871;. Tr&#234;n 500 t&#7927; USD l&#224; upper bound c&#7847;n &#273;&#7885;c th&#7853;n tr&#7885;ng.</strong></p></div><p>N&#7871;u ch&#7881; nh&#236;n Treasuries, ta s&#7869; b&#7887; s&#243;t m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n b&#7843;n &#273;&#7891; t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c. Agencies cho th&#7845;y c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n th&#7853;t s&#7921; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u: Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;ang gi&#7843;m long-term Treasuries tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p trong d&#7919; li&#7879;u M&#7929;, nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n duy tr&#236; exposure v&#7899;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929; qua Agencies, T-bills, ti&#7873;n g&#7917;i ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n v&#224; custodians n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, narrative &#273;&#250;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang b&#225;n s&#7841;ch t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929;.</p></blockquote><p>M&#224; l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#225;ch n&#7855;m gi&#7919; t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD &#8212; &#237;t visible h&#417;n, ph&#226;n t&#225;n h&#417;n, v&#224; kh&#243; &#273;&#7885;c h&#417;n trong d&#7919; li&#7879;u M&#7929;.</p></blockquote><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; l&#253; do Agency securities l&#224; m&#7843;nh gh&#233;p kh&#244;ng th&#7875; b&#7887; qua trong to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n &#8220;China dumping Treasuries&#8221;.</p><div><hr></div><h2>T&#7846;NG IV &#8212; KI&#7870;N TR&#218;C TH&#7874; CH&#7870;: T&#192;I S&#7842;N USD KH&#212;NG N&#7856;M TRONG M&#7896;T C&#193;I K&#201;T</h2><h3>4.1 Kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; PBOC: t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD n&#7857;m trong c&#7843; m&#7897;t h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i</h3><p>Mu&#7889;n hi&#7875;u Trung Qu&#7889;c th&#7921;c s&#7921; c&#242;n g&#7855;n v&#7899;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929; &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c n&#224;o, kh&#244;ng th&#7875; ch&#7881; nh&#236;n v&#224;o <strong>PBOC</strong> hay <strong>SAFE</strong>. T&#224;i s&#7843;n USD c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m trong m&#7897;t c&#225;i k&#233;t duy nh&#7845;t. N&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#226;n t&#225;n qua nhi&#7873;u l&#7899;p &#273;&#7883;nh ch&#7871; kh&#225;c nhau trong h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i t&#224;i ch&#237;nh nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y33L!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb1b13af-62a9-4e48-8d2b-f7718257f730_895x526.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y33L!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb1b13af-62a9-4e48-8d2b-f7718257f730_895x526.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y33L!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb1b13af-62a9-4e48-8d2b-f7718257f730_895x526.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y33L!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb1b13af-62a9-4e48-8d2b-f7718257f730_895x526.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y33L!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb1b13af-62a9-4e48-8d2b-f7718257f730_895x526.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y33L!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb1b13af-62a9-4e48-8d2b-f7718257f730_895x526.png" width="895" height="526" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/fb1b13af-62a9-4e48-8d2b-f7718257f730_895x526.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:526,&quot;width&quot;:895,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:662707,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb1b13af-62a9-4e48-8d2b-f7718257f730_895x526.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y33L!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb1b13af-62a9-4e48-8d2b-f7718257f730_895x526.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y33L!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb1b13af-62a9-4e48-8d2b-f7718257f730_895x526.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y33L!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb1b13af-62a9-4e48-8d2b-f7718257f730_895x526.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y33L!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffb1b13af-62a9-4e48-8d2b-f7718257f730_895x526.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>T&#7847;ng 1 &#8212; PBOC/SAFE: d&#7921; tr&#7919; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c</strong></p></div><p>D&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c: <strong>3,410 t&#7927; USD</strong> (th&#225;ng 4/2026). N&#7871;u dollar share quanh v&#249;ng 55% &#8212; Con s&#7889; ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh c&#7911;a c&#225;c nh&#224; kinh t&#7871; &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p &#8212; th&#236; ph&#7847;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD trong d&#7921; tr&#7919; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c v&#224;o kho&#7843;ng 1,870 t&#7927; USD.</p><p>&#272;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng: t&#7927; l&#7879; 55% n&#224;y kh&#244;ng cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c r&#7901;i b&#7887; &#273;&#244; la r&#245; r&#224;ng. D&#249; Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;&#227; ng&#7915;ng c&#244;ng b&#7889; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c ti&#7873;n t&#7879; d&#7921; tr&#7919; t&#7915; n&#259;m 2020, c&#225;c &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c g&#7907;i &#253; r&#7857;ng USD chi&#7871;m t&#7927; tr&#7885;ng g&#7847;n v&#7899;i m&#7913;c trung b&#236;nh to&#224;n c&#7847;u (kho&#7843;ng 57&#8211;59% theo IMF COFER Q3 2025).</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>T&#7847;ng 2 &#8212; State banks: l&#7899;p quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t nh&#432;ng &#237;t visible nh&#7845;t</strong></p></div><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; t&#7847;ng m&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;ang &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; th&#7845;p nh&#7845;t.</p><p>Nh&#243;m ng&#226;n h&#224;ng nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c &#8212; bao g&#7891;m Big Four (ICBC, Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Agricultural Bank) v&#224; c&#225;c ng&#226;n h&#224;ng ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch nh&#432; China Development Bank v&#224; Export-Import Bank &#8212; &#273;ang n&#7855;m kho&#7843;ng <strong>400 t&#7927; USD foreign securities</strong> theo d&#7919; li&#7879;u ng&#224;nh ng&#226;n h&#224;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c. Nh&#7919;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n n&#224;y kh&#244;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n s&#7841;ch s&#7869; trong d&#7919; li&#7879;u M&#7929; v&#236; state banks kh&#244;ng c&#243; access tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7871;n custodial facilities c&#7911;a Fed.</p><p>Quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n l&#224; t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; thay &#273;&#7893;i. Ri&#234;ng th&#225;ng 12/2025, net foreign assets c&#7911;a state banks t&#259;ng <strong>110 t&#7927; USD</strong> &#8212; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh theo forwards c&#243; th&#7875; l&#234;n t&#7899;i 120 t&#7927; USD trong m&#7897;t th&#225;ng. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7913;c qu&#225; l&#7899;n &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch b&#7857;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mEq-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F34b0d8b0-ab91-4efd-821b-088922ce55d0_1920x1440.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mEq-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F34b0d8b0-ab91-4efd-821b-088922ce55d0_1920x1440.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mEq-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F34b0d8b0-ab91-4efd-821b-088922ce55d0_1920x1440.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mEq-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F34b0d8b0-ab91-4efd-821b-088922ce55d0_1920x1440.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mEq-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F34b0d8b0-ab91-4efd-821b-088922ce55d0_1920x1440.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mEq-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F34b0d8b0-ab91-4efd-821b-088922ce55d0_1920x1440.png" width="1456" height="1092" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/34b0d8b0-ab91-4efd-821b-088922ce55d0_1920x1440.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1092,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mEq-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F34b0d8b0-ab91-4efd-821b-088922ce55d0_1920x1440.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mEq-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F34b0d8b0-ab91-4efd-821b-088922ce55d0_1920x1440.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mEq-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F34b0d8b0-ab91-4efd-821b-088922ce55d0_1920x1440.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mEq-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F34b0d8b0-ab91-4efd-821b-088922ce55d0_1920x1440.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">T<strong>rung Qu&#7889;c &#8212; t&#7927; gi&#225; CNY/USD v&#224; settlement b&#7857;ng USD</strong> &#8212; &#272;&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;en cho th&#7845;y settlement b&#7857;ng USD t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh trong n&#259;m 2025, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t cu&#7889;i n&#259;m, trong khi t&#7927; gi&#225; CNY/USD v&#7851;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c qu&#7843;n l&#253; quanh central parity v&#224; bi&#234;n &#273;&#7897; giao d&#7883;ch. Pattern n&#224;y c&#7911;ng c&#7889; lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m r&#7857;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang h&#7845;p th&#7909; l&#432;&#7907;ng USD l&#7899;n, gi&#250;p gi&#7843;m &#225;p l&#7921;c t&#259;ng gi&#225; l&#234;n CNY m&#224; kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t l&#224;m d&#7921; tr&#7919; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c c&#7911;a PBOC t&#259;ng t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng.</figcaption></figure></div><blockquote><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, can thi&#7879;p kh&#244;ng bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t. N&#243; ch&#7881; chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i d&#7877; nh&#236;n c&#7911;a PBOC sang b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i kh&#243; &#273;&#7885;c h&#417;n c&#7911;a c&#225;c ng&#226;n h&#224;ng nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c.</p></blockquote><p>C&#417; ch&#7871; h&#7907;p l&#253;: khi CNY ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c t&#259;ng gi&#225; do th&#7863;ng d&#432; th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i kh&#7893;ng l&#7891;, thay v&#236; &#273;&#7875; PBOC tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p mua USD (s&#7869; l&#224;m d&#7921; tr&#7919; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c t&#259;ng v&#224; thu h&#250;t scrutiny v&#7873; currency manipulation), c&#225;c ng&#226;n h&#224;ng nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c mua USD tr&#234;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng spot v&#224; gi&#7919; trong b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i c&#7911;a h&#7885;. K&#7871;t qu&#7843;: d&#7921; tr&#7919; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c tr&#244;ng &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh, nh&#432;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD th&#7921;c t&#7871; c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c v&#7851;n t&#259;ng.</p><blockquote><p>&#272;&#226;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; m&#7897;t d&#7841;ng <strong>&#8220;backdoor intervention&#8221;</strong> &#8212; t&#7913;c can thi&#7879;p t&#7927; gi&#225; qua c&#7917;a sau.</p></blockquote><p>Thay v&#236; &#273;&#7875; PBOC tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p mua USD v&#224; l&#224;m d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c t&#259;ng l&#234;n, c&#225;c <strong>ng&#226;n h&#224;ng nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c</strong> c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7913;ng ra h&#7845;p th&#7909; l&#432;&#7907;ng USD &#273;&#243; v&#224; gi&#7919; trong b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. K&#7871;t qu&#7843; l&#224; m&#7909;c ti&#234;u ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch v&#7851;n &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#8212; gi&#7843;m &#225;p l&#7921;c t&#259;ng gi&#225; l&#234;n CNY &#8212; nh&#432;ng d&#242;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n n&#224;y kh&#244;ng hi&#7879;n r&#245; trong b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i PBOC.</p><p>V&#224; v&#236; c&#225;c t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng &#273;i qua h&#7879; th&#7889;ng custody ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c c&#7911;a PBOC, ch&#250;ng c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n trong d&#242;ng <strong>&#8220;China&#8221;</strong> c&#7911;a TIC. N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c: <strong>can thi&#7879;p kh&#244;ng bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t; n&#243; ch&#7881; r&#7901;i kh&#7887;i n&#417;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng quen nh&#236;n.</strong></p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>T&#7847;ng 3 &#8212; CIC: qu&#7929; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; qu&#7889;c gia</strong></p></div><p>CIC c&#243; t&#7893;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n <strong>1.57 ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD</strong> (net assets 1.37 ngh&#236;n t&#7927;, theo B&#225;o c&#225;o h&#7857;ng n&#259;m 2024 c&#244;ng b&#7889; th&#225;ng 12/2025), v&#7899;i l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n r&#242;ng 2024 l&#224; 140.64 t&#7927; USD &#8212; t&#259;ng 30.4%. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; qu&#7929; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; qu&#7889;c gia l&#7899;n, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i theo ngh&#297;a h&#7865;p, nh&#432;ng g&#7889;c r&#7877; c&#7911;a n&#243; g&#7855;n ch&#7863;t v&#7899;i qu&#225; tr&#236;nh t&#225;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; th&#7863;ng d&#432; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MN-Q!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b2fe5ea-d9e9-4b7d-9fe0-c3d09ae44bce_645x71.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MN-Q!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b2fe5ea-d9e9-4b7d-9fe0-c3d09ae44bce_645x71.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MN-Q!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b2fe5ea-d9e9-4b7d-9fe0-c3d09ae44bce_645x71.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MN-Q!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b2fe5ea-d9e9-4b7d-9fe0-c3d09ae44bce_645x71.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MN-Q!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b2fe5ea-d9e9-4b7d-9fe0-c3d09ae44bce_645x71.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MN-Q!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b2fe5ea-d9e9-4b7d-9fe0-c3d09ae44bce_645x71.png" width="645" height="71" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8b2fe5ea-d9e9-4b7d-9fe0-c3d09ae44bce_645x71.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:71,&quot;width&quot;:645,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:11817,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b2fe5ea-d9e9-4b7d-9fe0-c3d09ae44bce_645x71.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MN-Q!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b2fe5ea-d9e9-4b7d-9fe0-c3d09ae44bce_645x71.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MN-Q!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b2fe5ea-d9e9-4b7d-9fe0-c3d09ae44bce_645x71.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MN-Q!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b2fe5ea-d9e9-4b7d-9fe0-c3d09ae44bce_645x71.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MN-Q!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b2fe5ea-d9e9-4b7d-9fe0-c3d09ae44bce_645x71.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Ngu&#7891;n: https://www.china-inv.cn/chinainven/Media/2025-12/1002912.shtml</figcaption></figure></div><blockquote><p>Trong danh m&#7909;c <strong>public equity qu&#7889;c t&#7871;</strong> c&#7911;a CIC, kho&#7843;ng <strong>59%</strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#226;n b&#7893; v&#224;o t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929;. N&#7871;u l&#7845;y quy m&#244; danh m&#7909;c qu&#7889;c t&#7871; c&#7911;a CIC l&#224;m c&#417; s&#7903;, m&#7897;t &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh th&#7853;n tr&#7885;ng cho th&#7845;y CIC c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;ang n&#7855;m kho&#7843;ng <strong>350&#8211;400 t&#7927; USD</strong> t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929;, ch&#7911; y&#7871;u th&#244;ng qua <strong>c&#7893; phi&#7871;u ni&#234;m y&#7871;t, private equity, infrastructure, alternatives v&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n fixed income</strong>.</p></blockquote><p>&#272;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng l&#224;: ph&#7847;n n&#224;y g&#7847;n nh&#432; bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t ho&#224;n to&#224;n n&#7871;u ta ch&#7881; nh&#236;n v&#224;o d&#242;ng Treasuries trong TIC. TIC c&#243; th&#7875; cho th&#7845;y Trung Qu&#7889;c gi&#7843;m n&#7855;m gi&#7919; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Kho b&#7841;c M&#7929;, nh&#432;ng n&#243; kh&#244;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; ph&#7847;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c n&#7855;m qua <strong>qu&#7929; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; qu&#7889;c gia</strong>, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; c&#225;c kho&#7843;n &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; v&#224;o <strong>equities v&#224; alternatives</strong>.</p><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, n&#7871;u ch&#7881; h&#7887;i &#8220;Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#242;n bao nhi&#234;u Treasuries?&#8221;, CIC kh&#244;ng qu&#225; quan tr&#7885;ng. Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u h&#7887;i &#8220;h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i t&#224;i ch&#237;nh nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#242;n g&#7855;n v&#7899;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929; &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c n&#224;o?&#8221;, th&#236; CIC l&#224; m&#7897;t m&#7843;nh gh&#233;p kh&#244;ng th&#7875; b&#7887; qua.</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>T&#7847;ng 4 &#8212; SAFE alternative vehicles v&#224; HKMA</strong></p></div><p>SAFE c&#243; c&#225;c ph&#432;&#417;ng ti&#7879;n &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; ri&#234;ng (Buttonwood Investment Company, c&#225;c kho&#7843;n li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n Silk Road Fund) c&#249;ng entrusted loans b&#7857;ng ngo&#7841;i t&#7879; cho t&#7893; ch&#7913;c t&#224;i ch&#237;nh trong n&#432;&#7899;c. Theo chu&#7849;n IMF, c&#225;c kho&#7843;n entrusted n&#224;y kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#237;nh l&#224; d&#7921; tr&#7919; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c, nh&#432;ng ch&#250;ng v&#7851;n l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n ngo&#7841;i t&#7879; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7873;u ph&#7889;i b&#7903;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c.</p><p>Ri&#234;ng HKMA c&#243; quy m&#244; kho&#7843;ng 490 t&#7927; USD, v&#7899;i h&#417;n 80% l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#244; la &#8212; x&#7845;p x&#7881; 390 t&#7927; USD. TIC t&#237;nh &#273;&#226;y l&#224; Hong Kong ri&#234;ng bi&#7879;t, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i mainland. Nh&#432;ng v&#7873; m&#7863;t strategic financial perimeter, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t l&#7899;p c&#7847;n theo d&#245;i trong b&#7913;c tranh r&#7897;ng h&#417;n.</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><h4>&#431;&#7899;c t&#237;nh t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p</h4></div><p>Con s&#7889; TIC th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#7851;n (652 t&#7927; USD) l&#224; d&#432;&#7899;i 1/3 &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh benchmark. V&#224; k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n trung t&#226;m &#8212; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#225;c nh&#7853;n b&#7903;i ph&#226;n t&#237;ch CFR th&#225;ng 5/2026 khi &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; &#8212; l&#224;: <strong>t&#7893;ng US financial holdings c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#7851;n dao &#273;&#7897;ng quanh 50&#8211;55% danh m&#7909;c d&#7921; tr&#7919;</strong>, kh&#244;ng c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng gi&#7843;m r&#245; r&#224;ng.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Qm8P!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90e6484d-f102-48b0-a91d-3adcc6589781_709x368.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Qm8P!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90e6484d-f102-48b0-a91d-3adcc6589781_709x368.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Qm8P!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90e6484d-f102-48b0-a91d-3adcc6589781_709x368.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Qm8P!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90e6484d-f102-48b0-a91d-3adcc6589781_709x368.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Qm8P!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90e6484d-f102-48b0-a91d-3adcc6589781_709x368.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Qm8P!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90e6484d-f102-48b0-a91d-3adcc6589781_709x368.png" width="709" height="368" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/90e6484d-f102-48b0-a91d-3adcc6589781_709x368.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:368,&quot;width&quot;:709,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:48661,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90e6484d-f102-48b0-a91d-3adcc6589781_709x368.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Qm8P!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90e6484d-f102-48b0-a91d-3adcc6589781_709x368.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Qm8P!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90e6484d-f102-48b0-a91d-3adcc6589781_709x368.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Qm8P!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90e6484d-f102-48b0-a91d-3adcc6589781_709x368.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Qm8P!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F90e6484d-f102-48b0-a91d-3adcc6589781_709x368.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a t&#7847;ng n&#224;y: de-visible-dollarization, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i de-dollarization</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; h&#7847;u h&#7871;t b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n hai kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m r&#7845;t kh&#225;c nhau:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Currency exposure</strong> &#8212; t&#7927; tr&#7885;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#244; la trong t&#7893;ng danh m&#7909;c</p></li><li><p><strong>Custody exposure</strong> &#8212; t&#7927; tr&#7885;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; t&#7841;i custodians M&#7929; v&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; quan s&#225;t trong TIC</p></li></ul><p>C&#225;i &#273;ang gi&#7843;m l&#224; custody exposure, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i currency exposure. H&#227;y d&#249;ng v&#237; d&#7909; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n: n&#7871;u b&#7841;n c&#243; 1 tri&#7879;u USD g&#7917;i &#7903; New York, r&#7891;i chuy&#7875;n 700,000 USD sang ng&#226;n h&#224;ng &#7903; Th&#7909;y S&#297; &#8212; b&#7841;n ch&#432;a &#8220;de-dollarize&#8221;. B&#7841;n v&#7851;n gi&#7919; &#273;&#244; la. Ch&#7881; l&#224; <em>n&#417;i c&#7845;t gi&#7919;</em> &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p><p>&#272;&#243; ch&#237;nh x&#225;c l&#224; nh&#7919;ng g&#236; Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang l&#224;m &#7903; quy m&#244; qu&#7889;c gia: gi&#7919; dollar exposure, gi&#7843;m US custodian exposure, d&#7883;ch chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; long-term Treasuries sang T-bills v&#224; Agencies, v&#224; ph&#226;n t&#225;n l&#432;u k&#253; qua Brussels, Luxembourg, Paris, London, Toronto. &#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i n&#7893;i lo&#7841;n ti&#7873;n t&#7879;. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; qu&#7843;n l&#253; r&#7911;i ro sanctions.</p><h3>4.2. State banks: l&#7899;p &#237;t visible nh&#432;ng quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t</h3><p>Trong c&#225;c l&#7899;p &#273;&#7883;nh ch&#7871; &#7903; tr&#234;n, <strong>state banks</strong> l&#224; t&#7847;ng &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253; nh&#7845;t.</p><p>L&#253; do r&#7845;t &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n: <strong>PBOC/SAFE</strong> l&#224; n&#417;i d&#7877; nh&#236;n nh&#7845;t, nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng l&#224; n&#417;i b&#7883; gi&#225;m s&#225;t k&#7929; nh&#7845;t. N&#7871;u d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7869; l&#7853;p t&#7913;c &#273;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i: B&#7855;c Kinh c&#243; &#273;ang can thi&#7879;p t&#7927; gi&#225; kh&#244;ng? L&#432;&#7907;ng USD m&#7899;i mua c&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#225;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; v&#224;o Treasuries kh&#244;ng? V&#224; li&#7879;u &#273;&#226;y c&#243; ph&#7843;i b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng cho th&#7845;y Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#7851;n &#273;ang gi&#7919; CNY y&#7871;u h&#417;n m&#7913;c th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng hay kh&#244;ng?</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, trong m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c nh&#432; Trung Qu&#7889;c, kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t m&#7885;i USD &#273;&#7873;u ph&#7843;i &#273;i th&#7859;ng v&#224;o b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i c&#7911;a PBOC. M&#7897;t ph&#7847;n ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng h&#7845;p th&#7909; ngo&#7841;i t&#7879; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chuy&#7875;n sang <strong>state banks</strong> &#8212; c&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh ch&#7871; &#237;t visible h&#417;n, nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n n&#7857;m trong qu&#7929; &#273;&#7841;o ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch c&#7911;a B&#7855;c Kinh.</p><p>Nh&#243;m n&#224;y g&#7891;m c&#225;c ng&#226;n h&#224;ng th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c l&#7899;n nh&#432; <strong>ICBC, Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Agricultural Bank of China</strong>, c&#249;ng c&#225;c ng&#226;n h&#224;ng ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch nh&#432; <strong>China Development Bank</strong> v&#224; <strong>Export-Import Bank of China</strong>. Tr&#234;n danh ngh&#297;a, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; ng&#226;n h&#224;ng. Nh&#432;ng trong th&#7921;c t&#7871;, ch&#250;ng c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng nh&#432; c&#225;nh tay n&#7889;i d&#224;i c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch t&#7927; gi&#225;, t&#237;n d&#7909;ng v&#224; qu&#7843;n l&#253; d&#242;ng v&#7889;n.</p><p>&#272;i&#7875;m &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253; l&#224; c&#225;c state banks &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh &#273;ang n&#7855;m kho&#7843;ng <strong>400 t&#7927; USD foreign securities</strong>. Ri&#234;ng th&#225;ng <strong>12/2025</strong>, net foreign assets c&#7911;a nh&#243;m n&#224;y t&#259;ng kho&#7843;ng <strong>110 t&#7927; USD</strong>; n&#7871;u t&#237;nh th&#234;m forwards, con s&#7889; c&#243; th&#7875; l&#234;n t&#7899;i <strong>120 t&#7927; USD</strong> trong m&#7897;t th&#225;ng. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; quy m&#244; qu&#225; l&#7899;n &#273;&#7875; xem nh&#432; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gEG_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8084e2a6-85a0-4253-8eb4-f23d2b580ae7_647x520.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gEG_!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8084e2a6-85a0-4253-8eb4-f23d2b580ae7_647x520.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gEG_!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8084e2a6-85a0-4253-8eb4-f23d2b580ae7_647x520.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gEG_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8084e2a6-85a0-4253-8eb4-f23d2b580ae7_647x520.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gEG_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8084e2a6-85a0-4253-8eb4-f23d2b580ae7_647x520.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gEG_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8084e2a6-85a0-4253-8eb4-f23d2b580ae7_647x520.png" width="647" height="520" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8084e2a6-85a0-4253-8eb4-f23d2b580ae7_647x520.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:520,&quot;width&quot;:647,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:66103,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8084e2a6-85a0-4253-8eb4-f23d2b580ae7_647x520.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gEG_!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8084e2a6-85a0-4253-8eb4-f23d2b580ae7_647x520.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gEG_!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8084e2a6-85a0-4253-8eb4-f23d2b580ae7_647x520.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gEG_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8084e2a6-85a0-4253-8eb4-f23d2b580ae7_647x520.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gEG_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8084e2a6-85a0-4253-8eb4-f23d2b580ae7_647x520.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#8212; FX purchases qua h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng v&#224; t&#7927; gi&#225; USD/CNY</strong> &#8212; Proxy can thi&#7879;p d&#7921;a tr&#234;n forward-adjusted FX settlement cho th&#7845;y cu&#7889;i 2025&#8211;&#273;&#7847;u 2026, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c mua l&#432;&#7907;ng ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i r&#7845;t l&#7899;n, d&#249; d&#7921; tr&#7919; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c c&#7911;a PBOC kh&#244;ng t&#259;ng t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#7911;ng c&#7889; lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m r&#7857;ng USD &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7845;p th&#7909; qua state banks, kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t hi&#7879;n tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p trong b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i PBOC.</figcaption></figure></div><p>C&#417; ch&#7871; h&#7907;p l&#253; l&#224;: khi CNY ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c t&#259;ng gi&#225; v&#236; th&#7863;ng d&#432; th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i qu&#225; l&#7899;n, PBOC kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p mua to&#224;n b&#7897; USD. Thay v&#224;o &#273;&#243;, state banks c&#243; th&#7875; mua USD tr&#234;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng, gi&#7919; t&#224;i s&#7843;n n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i trong b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, v&#224; gi&#250;p &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh t&#7927; gi&#225; m&#224; kh&#244;ng l&#224;m d&#7921; tr&#7919; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c t&#259;ng t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; <strong>can thi&#7879;p t&#7927; gi&#225; qua c&#7917;a sau</strong>. Can thi&#7879;p kh&#244;ng bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t; n&#243; ch&#7881; r&#7901;i kh&#7887;i n&#417;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng quen nh&#236;n. USD v&#7851;n n&#7857;m trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c Trung Qu&#7889;c, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n r&#245; trong b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i PBOC ho&#7863;c trong d&#242;ng <strong>&#8220;China&#8221;</strong> c&#7911;a TIC.</p><p>N&#243;i ng&#7855;n g&#7885;n:</p><blockquote><p><strong>PBOC kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n t&#7921; c&#7847;m to&#224;n b&#7897; &#273;&#244; la. Ch&#7881; c&#7847;n state banks c&#7847;m thay, m&#7909;c ti&#234;u ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch v&#7851;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c.</strong></p></blockquote><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, khi th&#7845;y d&#7921; tr&#7919; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c kh&#244;ng t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh, ho&#7863;c holdings tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p trong TIC gi&#7843;m, kh&#244;ng n&#234;n v&#7897;i k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n r&#7857;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;&#227; gi&#7843;m exposure v&#7899;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD. M&#7897;t ph&#7847;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7881; &#273;&#227; chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; <strong>b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i d&#7877; &#273;&#7885;c c&#7911;a PBOC</strong> sang <strong>b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i kh&#243; &#273;&#7885;c h&#417;n c&#7911;a state banks</strong>.</p><h3>4.3. BOP nh&#432; m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#8220;l&#224;m m&#7901;&#8221; d&#242;ng v&#7889;n</h3><p>V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; n&#7857;m &#7903; TIC. N&#7871;u TIC c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7885;c thi&#7871;u l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929; Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang n&#7855;m gi&#7919;, th&#236; c&#225;n c&#226;n thanh to&#225;n c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7885;c thi&#7871;u d&#242;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang t&#237;ch l&#361;y m&#7895;i n&#259;m.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5fHc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bce256a-b21f-46b4-b6b1-2ed1099caf84_707x870.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5fHc!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bce256a-b21f-46b4-b6b1-2ed1099caf84_707x870.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5fHc!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bce256a-b21f-46b4-b6b1-2ed1099caf84_707x870.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5fHc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bce256a-b21f-46b4-b6b1-2ed1099caf84_707x870.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5fHc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9bce256a-b21f-46b4-b6b1-2ed1099caf84_707x870.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><strong>M&#7845;t c&#226;n b&#7857;ng &#273;&#7889;i ngo&#7841;i to&#224;n c&#7847;u, 2000&#8211;2024</strong> &#8212; Chart cho th&#7845;y sau n&#259;m 2020, current-account imbalances v&#224; net international investment positions to&#224;n c&#7847;u ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c ph&#226;n c&#7921;c: M&#7929; l&#224; c&#7921;c th&#226;m h&#7909;t l&#7899;n, trong khi Trung Qu&#7889;c l&#224; m&#7897;t trong c&#225;c c&#7921;c th&#7863;ng d&#432; ch&#237;nh. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh v&#297; m&#244; cho c&#226;u h&#7887;i v&#236; sao d&#242;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#243; th&#7875; l&#7899;n h&#417;n nh&#7919;ng g&#236; d&#7919; li&#7879;u ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c ph&#7843;n &#225;nh.</figcaption></figure></div><p>Trong b&#7913;c tranh &#273;&#243;, Trung Qu&#7889;c l&#224; tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t kh&#243; &#273;&#7885;c:</p><ul><li><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#243; h&#417;n <strong>3 ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD</strong> d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i.</p></li><li><p>V&#7899;i l&#227;i su&#7845;t USD quanh <strong>4%</strong>, ri&#234;ng danh m&#7909;c d&#7921; tr&#7919; n&#224;y v&#7873; l&#253; thuy&#7871;t c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra h&#417;n <strong>120 t&#7927; USD</strong> thu nh&#7853;p m&#7895;i n&#259;m.</p></li><li><p>Nh&#432;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c l&#7841;i b&#225;o c&#225;o <strong>th&#226;m h&#7909;t thu nh&#7853;p s&#417; c&#7845;p</strong>, thay v&#236; th&#7863;ng d&#432; thu nh&#7853;p t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng.</p></li><li><p>IMF c&#361;ng cho r&#7857;ng nh&#226;n d&#226;n t&#7879; b&#7883; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; th&#7845;p kho&#7843;ng <strong>16%</strong>, m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n v&#236; th&#7863;ng d&#432; c&#225;n c&#226;n v&#227;ng lai c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c l&#7899;n h&#417;n m&#7913;c m&#244; h&#236;nh IMF xem l&#224; b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng.</p></li><li><p>The Economist nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh c&#249;ng m&#7897;t ngh&#7883;ch l&#253;: thu nh&#7853;p t&#7915; kh&#7889;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng t&#259;ng t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng d&#249; l&#227;i su&#7845;t to&#224;n c&#7847;u &#273;i l&#234;n.</p></li></ul><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y g&#7907;i &#253; r&#7857;ng c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; Trung Qu&#7889;c <strong>gi&#7919; t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#7903; &#273;&#226;u</strong>, m&#224; c&#242;n l&#224; Trung Qu&#7889;c <strong>ghi nh&#7853;n thu nh&#7853;p v&#224; d&#242;ng t&#237;ch l&#361;y t&#224;i s&#7843;n n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o</strong>.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qKiP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94564ede-eb07-4687-b759-7ff22ab743ad_3129x2273.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qKiP!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94564ede-eb07-4687-b759-7ff22ab743ad_3129x2273.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qKiP!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94564ede-eb07-4687-b759-7ff22ab743ad_3129x2273.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qKiP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94564ede-eb07-4687-b759-7ff22ab743ad_3129x2273.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qKiP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94564ede-eb07-4687-b759-7ff22ab743ad_3129x2273.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qKiP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94564ede-eb07-4687-b759-7ff22ab743ad_3129x2273.png" width="1456" height="1058" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/94564ede-eb07-4687-b759-7ff22ab743ad_3129x2273.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1058,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qKiP!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94564ede-eb07-4687-b759-7ff22ab743ad_3129x2273.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qKiP!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94564ede-eb07-4687-b759-7ff22ab743ad_3129x2273.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qKiP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94564ede-eb07-4687-b759-7ff22ab743ad_3129x2273.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qKiP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94564ede-eb07-4687-b759-7ff22ab743ad_3129x2273.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#8212; current account, lo&#7841;i tr&#7915; customs goods v&#224; travel services</strong> &#8212; Khi lo&#7841;i ph&#7847;n h&#224;ng h&#243;a customs v&#224; d&#7883;ch v&#7909; du l&#7883;ch, ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i c&#7911;a current account Trung Qu&#7889;c tr&#7903; n&#234;n &#226;m s&#226;u h&#417;n r&#245; r&#7879;t. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y cho th&#7845;y b&#7913;c tranh external balance ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c r&#7845;t l&#7899;n v&#224;o c&#225;ch ghi nh&#7853;n h&#224;ng h&#243;a trong BOP.</figcaption></figure></div><p>&#272;i&#7875;m b&#7845;t th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#224;ng r&#245; h&#417;n khi so s&#225;nh <strong>c&#225;n c&#226;n th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i theo s&#7889; li&#7879;u h&#7843;i quan</strong> v&#7899;i <strong>c&#225;n c&#226;n h&#224;ng h&#243;a trong c&#225;n c&#226;n thanh to&#225;n</strong>. Hai con s&#7889; n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#225;c nhau v&#236; ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p k&#7871; to&#225;n, th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m ghi nh&#7853;n, chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u ho&#7863;c h&#224;ng gia c&#244;ng xu&#7845;t kh&#7849;u. Nh&#432;ng trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p Trung Qu&#7889;c, kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch &#273;&#227; l&#7899;n &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c &#273;&#7863;t ra c&#226;u h&#7887;i: <strong>li&#7879;u c&#225;n c&#226;n thanh to&#225;n c&#243; &#273;ang l&#224;m th&#7845;p quy m&#244; th&#7853;t c&#7911;a th&#7863;ng d&#432; b&#234;n ngo&#224;i hay kh&#244;ng?</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oNns!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F79f1f098-686f-4dad-a865-78376919364f_643x535.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oNns!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F79f1f098-686f-4dad-a865-78376919364f_643x535.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oNns!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F79f1f098-686f-4dad-a865-78376919364f_643x535.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oNns!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F79f1f098-686f-4dad-a865-78376919364f_643x535.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oNns!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F79f1f098-686f-4dad-a865-78376919364f_643x535.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oNns!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F79f1f098-686f-4dad-a865-78376919364f_643x535.png" width="643" height="535" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/79f1f098-686f-4dad-a865-78376919364f_643x535.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:535,&quot;width&quot;:643,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oNns!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F79f1f098-686f-4dad-a865-78376919364f_643x535.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oNns!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F79f1f098-686f-4dad-a865-78376919364f_643x535.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oNns!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F79f1f098-686f-4dad-a865-78376919364f_643x535.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oNns!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F79f1f098-686f-4dad-a865-78376919364f_643x535.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Hong Kong l&#224; m&#7843;nh gh&#233;p ti&#7871;p theo.</p><p>D&#7919; li&#7879;u ng&#226;n h&#224;ng Hong Kong cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t pattern &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;: <strong>ti&#7873;n g&#7917;i ngo&#7841;i t&#7879; t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh</strong>, trong khi kho&#7843;n <strong>ph&#7843;i tr&#7843; cho c&#225;c ng&#226;n h&#224;ng n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i</strong> l&#7841;i gi&#7843;m. &#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng gi&#7889;ng m&#7897;t chu k&#7923; t&#237;n d&#7909;ng b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng. N&#243; gi&#7889;ng m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;ang <strong>h&#7845;p th&#7909; thanh kho&#7843;n ngo&#7841;i t&#7879;</strong> nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n l&#224; t&#225;i tri&#7875;n khai d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n &#273;&#243; ra b&#234;n ngo&#224;i.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xhn-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5b6d505b-4abc-44c0-a390-69639c8a5331_1422x1033.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xhn-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5b6d505b-4abc-44c0-a390-69639c8a5331_1422x1033.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xhn-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5b6d505b-4abc-44c0-a390-69639c8a5331_1422x1033.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xhn-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5b6d505b-4abc-44c0-a390-69639c8a5331_1422x1033.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xhn-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5b6d505b-4abc-44c0-a390-69639c8a5331_1422x1033.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xhn-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5b6d505b-4abc-44c0-a390-69639c8a5331_1422x1033.png" width="1422" height="1033" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5b6d505b-4abc-44c0-a390-69639c8a5331_1422x1033.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1033,&quot;width&quot;:1422,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Image&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Image" title="Image" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xhn-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5b6d505b-4abc-44c0-a390-69639c8a5331_1422x1033.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xhn-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5b6d505b-4abc-44c0-a390-69639c8a5331_1422x1033.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xhn-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5b6d505b-4abc-44c0-a390-69639c8a5331_1422x1033.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xhn-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5b6d505b-4abc-44c0-a390-69639c8a5331_1422x1033.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><strong>Hong Kong banking data &#8212; FX deposits vs. due to banks abroad &#8212; </strong><em>D&#7919; li&#7879;u ng&#226;n h&#224;ng Hong Kong cho th&#7845;y FX deposits t&#259;ng r&#7845;t m&#7841;nh trong v&#224;i n&#259;m g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y, trong khi kho&#7843;n &#8220;due to banks abroad&#8221; l&#7841;i &#273;i xu&#7889;ng. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u m&#7897;t l&#432;&#7907;ng l&#7899;n liquidity b&#7857;ng ngo&#7841;i t&#7879; &#273;ang ch&#7843;y v&#224;o h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng Hong Kong nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#225;i tri&#7875;n khai t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng qua t&#237;n d&#7909;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng qu&#7889;c t&#7871;.</em></figcaption></figure></div><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, Hong Kong kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7871;n t&#7841;m th&#7901;i c&#7911;a d&#242;ng v&#7889;n ra. N&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t <strong>v&#249;ng &#273;&#7879;m t&#224;i ch&#237;nh</strong> trong ki&#7871;n tr&#250;c Trung Qu&#7889;c: &#273;&#7911; g&#7847;n mainland v&#7873; m&#7863;t &#273;&#7883;nh ch&#7871;, nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7911; offshore &#273;&#7875; kh&#244;ng hi&#7879;n tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p trong c&#225;c d&#242;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u quen thu&#7897;c.</p><p>Tr&#432;&#7899;c n&#259;m 2022, m&#7909;c <strong>errors and omissions</strong> trong c&#225;n c&#226;n thanh to&#225;n Trung Qu&#7889;c th&#432;&#7901;ng &#226;m l&#7899;n &#8212; nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m &#7903; v&#249;ng <strong>100&#8211;200 t&#7927; USD</strong> &#8212; v&#224; th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7899;i ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#273;&#7885;c nh&#432; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u c&#7911;a d&#242;ng v&#7889;n ra kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;. G&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y, m&#7909;c n&#224;y g&#7847;n nh&#432; bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t, d&#249; c&#225;c d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u v&#7873; d&#242;ng v&#7889;n t&#432; nh&#226;n v&#224; c&#225;c k&#234;nh ngo&#224;i ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c v&#7851;n ch&#432;a bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y g&#7907;i &#253; r&#7857;ng m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n d&#242;ng v&#7889;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7845;p th&#7909; qua c&#225;c k&#234;nh kh&#225;c: state banks, Hong Kong deposits, offshore accounts, custodians n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i ho&#7863;c c&#225;c vehicles b&#225;n-ch&#237;nh-th&#7913;c.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lw-c!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F141ad25d-6dcb-491a-a517-cd6a3efe01a6_418x397.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lw-c!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F141ad25d-6dcb-491a-a517-cd6a3efe01a6_418x397.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lw-c!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F141ad25d-6dcb-491a-a517-cd6a3efe01a6_418x397.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lw-c!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F141ad25d-6dcb-491a-a517-cd6a3efe01a6_418x397.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lw-c!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F141ad25d-6dcb-491a-a517-cd6a3efe01a6_418x397.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lw-c!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F141ad25d-6dcb-491a-a517-cd6a3efe01a6_418x397.png" width="418" height="397" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/141ad25d-6dcb-491a-a517-cd6a3efe01a6_418x397.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:397,&quot;width&quot;:418,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:45371,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F141ad25d-6dcb-491a-a517-cd6a3efe01a6_418x397.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lw-c!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F141ad25d-6dcb-491a-a517-cd6a3efe01a6_418x397.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lw-c!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F141ad25d-6dcb-491a-a517-cd6a3efe01a6_418x397.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lw-c!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F141ad25d-6dcb-491a-a517-cd6a3efe01a6_418x397.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lw-c!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F141ad25d-6dcb-491a-a517-cd6a3efe01a6_418x397.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#8212; c&#225;n c&#226;n v&#227;ng lai, t&#224;i kho&#7843;n v&#7889;n/t&#224;i ch&#237;nh v&#224; sai s&#7889; th&#7889;ng k&#234; &#8212;</strong> Chart cho th&#7845;y trong nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c 2022, m&#7909;c &#8220;net errors and omissions&#8221; c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c th&#432;&#7901;ng &#226;m l&#7899;n, ph&#7843;n &#225;nh m&#7897;t l&#7899;p d&#242;ng v&#7889;n kh&#243; quan s&#225;t trong c&#225;n c&#226;n thanh to&#225;n. &#272;&#7871;n n&#259;m 2023, th&#7863;ng d&#432; c&#225;n c&#226;n v&#227;ng lai thu h&#7865;p do th&#7863;ng d&#432; h&#224;ng h&#243;a th&#7845;p h&#417;n v&#224; th&#226;m h&#7909;t d&#7883;ch v&#7909; l&#7899;n h&#417;n, cho th&#7845;y b&#7913;c tranh external balance c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c m&#7841;nh v&#224;o c&#225;c &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh k&#7871; to&#225;n v&#224; d&#242;ng v&#7889;n ngo&#224;i k&#234;nh d&#7877; quan s&#225;t.</figcaption></figure></div><p>&#272;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng l&#224;: n&#7871;u tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#226;y <strong>sai s&#7889; th&#7889;ng k&#234;</strong> h&#7845;p th&#7909; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n d&#242;ng v&#7889;n ra, c&#242;n g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y kho&#7843;n n&#224;y nh&#7887; l&#7841;i trong khi c&#225;c d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u v&#7873; d&#242;ng v&#7889;n offshore v&#7851;n t&#7891;n t&#7841;i, th&#236; kh&#244;ng n&#234;n v&#7897;i k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n r&#7857;ng d&#242;ng v&#7889;n &#273;&#243; &#273;&#227; bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t. C&#243; th&#7875; n&#243; ch&#7881; &#273;&#227; chuy&#7875;n sang c&#225;c k&#234;nh kh&#225;c: <strong>state banks, Hong Kong deposits, offshore accounts, custodians n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i ho&#7863;c c&#225;c ph&#432;&#417;ng ti&#7879;n b&#225;n-ch&#237;nh-th&#7913;c</strong>.</p><p>N&#243;i ng&#7855;n g&#7885;n:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i Trung Qu&#7889;c ng&#7915;ng t&#237;ch l&#361;y t&#224;i s&#7843;n n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i. C&#243; th&#7875; h&#7885; v&#7851;n t&#237;ch l&#361;y r&#7845;t m&#7841;nh &#8212; ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n ng&#224;y c&#224;ng l&#7899;n &#273;i qua nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#7889;ng m&#224; d&#7919; li&#7879;u ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c kh&#243; b&#7855;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c.</strong></p></blockquote><h2>4.4. Nh&#7853;n &#273;&#7883;nh: t&#224;i s&#7843;n kh&#244;ng bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng m&#7899;i l&#224; th&#7913; b&#7883; l&#224;m m&#7901;</h2><p>T&#7915; T&#7847;ng IV, c&#243; th&#7875; r&#250;t ra m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n: <strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; &#273;&#417;n l&#7867;, v&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD c&#7911;a h&#7885; kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m trong m&#7897;t c&#225;i k&#233;t duy nh&#7845;t.</strong></p><p>N&#7871;u ch&#7881; nh&#236;n <strong>PBOC/SAFE</strong>, ta th&#7845;y d&#7921; tr&#7919; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c. N&#7871;u ch&#7881; nh&#236;n d&#242;ng <strong>&#8220;China, Mainland&#8221;</strong> trong TIC, ta c&#242;n th&#7845;y &#237;t h&#417;n n&#7919;a. T&#224;i s&#7843;n USD c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#243; th&#7875; n&#7857;m trong state banks, CIC, SAFE vehicles, Hong Kong, offshore accounts, ho&#7863;c c&#225;c custodians t&#7841;i Belgium, Luxembourg, France, UK v&#224; Canada.</p><p>V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; n&#7857;m &#7903; <strong>stock</strong> &#8212; t&#7913;c Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang n&#7855;m bao nhi&#234;u t&#224;i s&#7843;n. N&#243; c&#242;n n&#7857;m &#7903; <strong>flow</strong> &#8212; t&#7913;c m&#7895;i n&#259;m Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang t&#237;ch l&#361;y th&#234;m bao nhi&#234;u t&#224;i s&#7843;n n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i. N&#7871;u c&#225;n c&#226;n thanh to&#225;n c&#361;ng c&#243; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u l&#224;m th&#7845;p quy m&#244; th&#7863;ng d&#432; th&#7921;c t&#7871;, th&#236; c&#7843; t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#227; n&#7855;m gi&#7919; l&#7851;n d&#242;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n m&#7899;i &#273;&#7873;u tr&#7903; n&#234;n kh&#243; &#273;&#7885;c h&#417;n.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, <strong>de-dollarization</strong> l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#225;ch n&#243;i d&#7877; g&#226;y hi&#7875;u nh&#7847;m. Trung Qu&#7889;c ch&#432;a ch&#7855;c &#273;ang gi&#7843;m m&#7841;nh exposure v&#7899;i USD. Th&#7913; gi&#7843;m r&#245; h&#417;n l&#224; <strong>kh&#7843; n&#259;ng quan s&#225;t tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p</strong> c&#7911;a d&#7919; li&#7879;u M&#7929; v&#224; d&#7919; li&#7879;u qu&#7889;c t&#7871; &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i v&#7883; th&#7871; t&#224;i s&#7843;n th&#7853;t c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c.</p><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c:</p><blockquote><p><strong>T&#224;i s&#7843;n USD c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t. N&#243; ch&#7881; chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; nh&#7919;ng b&#7843;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u d&#7877; &#273;&#7885;c sang nhi&#7873;u b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i, nhi&#7873;u custodians v&#224; nhi&#7873;u l&#7899;p k&#7871; to&#225;n kh&#243; &#273;&#7885;c h&#417;n.</strong></p></blockquote><p>V&#7873; m&#7863;t headline, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y tr&#244;ng gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; &#8220;China cuts U.S. holdings&#8221;. Nh&#432;ng v&#7873; m&#7863;t c&#7845;u tr&#250;c, n&#243; gi&#7889;ng h&#417;n v&#7899;i <strong>re-routing</strong>: t&#224;i s&#7843;n v&#7851;n c&#242;n trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng dollar, ch&#7881; &#273;i qua nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#7889;ng kh&#243; nh&#236;n h&#417;n.</p><p>K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a T&#7847;ng IV l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; thay &#273;&#7893;i n&#417;i c&#7845;t gi&#7919; t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD. H&#7885; &#273;ang thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#7843; c&#225;ch nh&#7919;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#243; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n &#8212; ho&#7863;c kh&#244;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n &#8212; trong d&#7919; li&#7879;u to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</strong></p></blockquote><p>V&#224; n&#7871;u Trung Qu&#7889;c ch&#432;a th&#7853;t s&#7921; tho&#225;t kh&#7887;i dollar system, c&#226;u h&#7887;i ti&#7871;p theo l&#224;: <strong>h&#7885; c&#243; x&#226;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng thay th&#7871; &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#225;ng tin hay kh&#244;ng?</strong> &#272;&#243; l&#224; n&#417;i c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n <strong>PBOC swap lines</strong> b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u.</p><div><hr></div><h2>PH&#7846;N V - T&#7892;NG H&#7906;P CON S&#7888; - TRUNG QU&#7888;C TH&#7852;T S&#7920; &#272;ANG N&#7854;M BAO NHI&#202;U</h2><p>Sau b&#7889;n l&#7899;p ph&#226;n t&#237;ch, c&#7847;n t&#225;ch b&#7913;c tranh th&#224;nh hai kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m r&#7845;t kh&#225;c nhau &#273;&#7875; tr&#225;nh nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n:</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>Kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m 1 &#8212; Official/reserve-related U.S. holdings:</strong> Ph&#7847;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929; g&#7855;n tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p ho&#7863;c gi&#225;n ti&#7871;p v&#7899;i d&#7921; tr&#7919; PBOC/SAFE, sau khi &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh custodian. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; con s&#7889; cho c&#226;u h&#7887;i h&#7865;p: <em>&#8220;N&#7871;u ch&#7881; x&#233;t d&#7921; tr&#7919; v&#224; qu&#7843;n l&#253; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i, Trung Qu&#7889;c th&#7921;c s&#7921; c&#242;n n&#7855;m bao nhi&#234;u t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929;?&#8221;</em></p></div><p>&#431;&#7899;c t&#237;nh h&#7907;p l&#253; cho l&#7899;p <strong>official/reserve-related U.S. holdings</strong> c&#243; th&#7875; n&#7857;m trong v&#249;ng <strong>1,350&#8211;1,850 t&#7927; USD</strong>.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5THz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff9ac82ad-3c06-4d0c-b10e-3eff23db1bd3_1920x1440.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5THz!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff9ac82ad-3c06-4d0c-b10e-3eff23db1bd3_1920x1440.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5THz!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff9ac82ad-3c06-4d0c-b10e-3eff23db1bd3_1920x1440.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5THz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff9ac82ad-3c06-4d0c-b10e-3eff23db1bd3_1920x1440.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5THz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff9ac82ad-3c06-4d0c-b10e-3eff23db1bd3_1920x1440.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5THz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff9ac82ad-3c06-4d0c-b10e-3eff23db1bd3_1920x1440.png" width="1456" height="1092" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f9ac82ad-3c06-4d0c-b10e-3eff23db1bd3_1920x1440.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1092,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5THz!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff9ac82ad-3c06-4d0c-b10e-3eff23db1bd3_1920x1440.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5THz!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff9ac82ad-3c06-4d0c-b10e-3eff23db1bd3_1920x1440.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5THz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff9ac82ad-3c06-4d0c-b10e-3eff23db1bd3_1920x1440.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5THz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff9ac82ad-3c06-4d0c-b10e-3eff23db1bd3_1920x1440.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><strong>Chart: Trung Qu&#7889;c &#8212; d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i so v&#7899;i &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh bond holdings M&#7929; &#8212;</strong> Khi c&#7897;ng Treasuries, Agencies, ph&#7847;n &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh t&#7915; custodial centers v&#224; Agency adjustment, estimated U.S. bond holdings c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#7851;n dao &#273;&#7897;ng quanh v&#249;ng g&#7847;n 40% d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i. Chart cho th&#7845;y con s&#7889; 652 t&#7927; USD trong TIC ch&#7881; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh ph&#7847;n Treasuries tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p t&#7841;i U.S. custodians, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i to&#224;n b&#7897; exposure v&#7899;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n bond M&#7929;.</figcaption></figure></div><p>Chart n&#224;y gi&#250;p nh&#236;n r&#245; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;: ph&#7847;n Treasuries tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p trong U.S. custodians &#273;&#250;ng l&#224; gi&#7843;m m&#7841;nh, nh&#432;ng khi c&#7897;ng th&#234;m Agencies v&#224; c&#225;c &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh custodian, t&#7893;ng <strong>estimated U.S. bond holdings</strong> kh&#244;ng gi&#7843;m theo c&#249;ng m&#7897;t c&#225;ch. N&#243; v&#7851;n dao &#273;&#7897;ng quanh v&#249;ng g&#7847;n <strong>40% FX reserves</strong> trong nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m. N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;ang thay &#273;&#7893;i n&#417;i l&#432;u k&#253;, k&#7923; h&#7841;n v&#224; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c t&#224;i s&#7843;n, nh&#432;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u kh&#244;ng cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c r&#7901;i b&#7887; t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD theo ngh&#297;a &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9QJB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F589e5ee1-2676-44c4-8646-7fde974cb2ac_692x377.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9QJB!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F589e5ee1-2676-44c4-8646-7fde974cb2ac_692x377.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9QJB!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F589e5ee1-2676-44c4-8646-7fde974cb2ac_692x377.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9QJB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F589e5ee1-2676-44c4-8646-7fde974cb2ac_692x377.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9QJB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F589e5ee1-2676-44c4-8646-7fde974cb2ac_692x377.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9QJB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F589e5ee1-2676-44c4-8646-7fde974cb2ac_692x377.png" width="692" height="377" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/589e5ee1-2676-44c4-8646-7fde974cb2ac_692x377.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:377,&quot;width&quot;:692,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:36851,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F589e5ee1-2676-44c4-8646-7fde974cb2ac_692x377.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9QJB!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F589e5ee1-2676-44c4-8646-7fde974cb2ac_692x377.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9QJB!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F589e5ee1-2676-44c4-8646-7fde974cb2ac_692x377.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9QJB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F589e5ee1-2676-44c4-8646-7fde974cb2ac_692x377.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9QJB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F589e5ee1-2676-44c4-8646-7fde974cb2ac_692x377.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Chart t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p r&#7897;ng h&#417;n c&#242;n c&#7911;ng c&#7889; &#273;i&#7875;m n&#224;y r&#245; h&#417;n.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fjv1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbdd534b-9853-4a58-b2cb-431bdc14e974_1023x743.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fjv1!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbdd534b-9853-4a58-b2cb-431bdc14e974_1023x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fjv1!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbdd534b-9853-4a58-b2cb-431bdc14e974_1023x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fjv1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbdd534b-9853-4a58-b2cb-431bdc14e974_1023x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fjv1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbdd534b-9853-4a58-b2cb-431bdc14e974_1023x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fjv1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbdd534b-9853-4a58-b2cb-431bdc14e974_1023x743.png" width="1023" height="743" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cbdd534b-9853-4a58-b2cb-431bdc14e974_1023x743.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:743,&quot;width&quot;:1023,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fjv1!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbdd534b-9853-4a58-b2cb-431bdc14e974_1023x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fjv1!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbdd534b-9853-4a58-b2cb-431bdc14e974_1023x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fjv1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbdd534b-9853-4a58-b2cb-431bdc14e974_1023x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fjv1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbdd534b-9853-4a58-b2cb-431bdc14e974_1023x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#8212; U.S. bond holdings sau &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh c&#225;c custodial centers ch&#226;u &#194;u</strong> - Sau khi c&#7897;ng th&#234;m Agencies, short-term claims, corporate bonds/stocks v&#224; ph&#7847;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n qua custodial centers ch&#226;u &#194;u, U.S. financial holdings c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#7851;n quanh v&#249;ng 50&#8211;55% reserves</figcaption></figure></div><p>&#272;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng &#7903; &#273;&#226;y l&#224;: khi t&#237;nh &#273;&#7911; c&#225;c l&#7899;p c&#243; th&#7875; quan s&#225;t v&#224; &#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, t&#7893;ng <strong>U.S. financial holdings</strong> c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#7851;n n&#7857;m quanh v&#249;ng <strong>50&#8211;55% d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i</strong>. V&#236; v&#7853;y, c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;&#7897;t ng&#7897;t r&#7901;i b&#7887; t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD. C&#226;u chuy&#7879;n &#273;&#250;ng h&#417;n l&#224; ph&#7847;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#243; ng&#224;y c&#224;ng &#237;t hi&#7879;n r&#245; trong d&#242;ng &#8220;China&#8221; c&#7911;a TIC.</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>Kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m 2 &#8212; Broader state-linked dollar exposure:</strong> To&#224;n b&#7897; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; m&#224; h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i t&#224;i ch&#237;nh nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c Trung Qu&#7889;c &#8212; bao g&#7891;m CIC, state banks, SAFE vehicles, Hong Kong, v&#224; d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y ngo&#224;i k&#234;nh &#8212; c&#242;n g&#7855;n v&#7899;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD.</p></div><p>L&#7899;p n&#224;y bao g&#7891;m:</p><ul><li><p><strong>CIC (China Investment Corporation)</strong>, qu&#7929; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; qu&#7889;c gia v&#7899;i exposure l&#7899;n v&#224;o equities v&#224; alternatives;</p></li><li><p><strong>State Banks</strong>, c&#243; th&#7875; n&#7855;m foreign securities v&#224; tham gia backdoor intervention;</p></li><li><p><strong>SAFE alternative vehicles</strong>, nh&#432; Buttonwood, Silk Road Fund v&#224; entrusted loans;</p></li><li><p><strong>Hong Kong Exchange Fund</strong>, n&#7871;u x&#233;t theo strategic financial perimeter r&#7897;ng h&#417;n.</p></li></ul><p>Khi m&#7903; r&#7897;ng sang l&#7899;p n&#224;y, exposure v&#7899;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929;/USD c&#243; th&#7875; v&#432;&#7907;t <strong>2,000 t&#7927; USD</strong>. Nh&#432;ng c&#7847;n r&#7845;t c&#7849;n tr&#7885;ng: &#273;&#226;y kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; &#8220;d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c&#8221;. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>state-linked dollar exposure</strong> &#8212; t&#7913;c m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c r&#7897;ng h&#417;n c&#7911;a h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i t&#224;i ch&#237;nh nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#224;o t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m3qz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4b50862-a6d2-42ef-8201-a5021aa1cfa1_663x527.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m3qz!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4b50862-a6d2-42ef-8201-a5021aa1cfa1_663x527.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m3qz!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4b50862-a6d2-42ef-8201-a5021aa1cfa1_663x527.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m3qz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4b50862-a6d2-42ef-8201-a5021aa1cfa1_663x527.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m3qz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4b50862-a6d2-42ef-8201-a5021aa1cfa1_663x527.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m3qz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4b50862-a6d2-42ef-8201-a5021aa1cfa1_663x527.png" width="663" height="527" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b4b50862-a6d2-42ef-8201-a5021aa1cfa1_663x527.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:527,&quot;width&quot;:663,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:53193,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4b50862-a6d2-42ef-8201-a5021aa1cfa1_663x527.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m3qz!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4b50862-a6d2-42ef-8201-a5021aa1cfa1_663x527.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m3qz!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4b50862-a6d2-42ef-8201-a5021aa1cfa1_663x527.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m3qz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4b50862-a6d2-42ef-8201-a5021aa1cfa1_663x527.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m3qz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4b50862-a6d2-42ef-8201-a5021aa1cfa1_663x527.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>T&#243;m l&#7841;i:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kqq7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee613ed7-597c-4021-a9e7-ac0d3324f1fe_1536x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kqq7!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee613ed7-597c-4021-a9e7-ac0d3324f1fe_1536x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kqq7!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee613ed7-597c-4021-a9e7-ac0d3324f1fe_1536x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kqq7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee613ed7-597c-4021-a9e7-ac0d3324f1fe_1536x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kqq7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee613ed7-597c-4021-a9e7-ac0d3324f1fe_1536x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kqq7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee613ed7-597c-4021-a9e7-ac0d3324f1fe_1536x1024.png" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ee613ed7-597c-4021-a9e7-ac0d3324f1fe_1536x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1613975,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee613ed7-597c-4021-a9e7-ac0d3324f1fe_1536x1024.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kqq7!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee613ed7-597c-4021-a9e7-ac0d3324f1fe_1536x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kqq7!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee613ed7-597c-4021-a9e7-ac0d3324f1fe_1536x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kqq7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee613ed7-597c-4021-a9e7-ac0d3324f1fe_1536x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kqq7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee613ed7-597c-4021-a9e7-ac0d3324f1fe_1536x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Hai con s&#7889; n&#224;y li&#234;n quan nhau, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng gi&#7889;ng nhau. N&#7871;u ch&#7881; nh&#236;n <strong>652 t&#7927; USD</strong>, ta &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; qu&#225; th&#7845;p b&#7913;c tranh. Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u g&#7885;i to&#224;n b&#7897; con s&#7889; tr&#234;n <strong>2,000 t&#7927; USD</strong> l&#224; &#8220;d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i&#8221;, ta l&#7841;i &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; sai b&#7843;n ch&#7845;t k&#7871; to&#225;n c&#7911;a n&#243;.</p><p>C&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#250;ng l&#224;: <strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#7851;n c&#242;n g&#7855;n r&#7845;t s&#226;u v&#7899;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD, nh&#432;ng ph&#7847;n g&#7855;n k&#7871;t &#273;&#243; ng&#224;y c&#224;ng ph&#226;n t&#225;n qua nhi&#7873;u &#273;&#7883;nh ch&#7871;, nhi&#7873;u custodians v&#224; nhi&#7873;u b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i h&#417;n.</strong></p><div class="pullquote"><p>T&#7915; c&#225;c l&#7899;p d&#7919; li&#7879;u tr&#234;n, k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n trung t&#226;m l&#224;: <strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng r&#7901;i b&#7887; &#273;&#244; la theo ngh&#297;a gi&#7843;m m&#7841;nh t&#7927; tr&#7885;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD. H&#7885; &#273;ang l&#224;m t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD c&#7911;a m&#236;nh kh&#243; b&#7883; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y h&#417;n trong d&#7919; li&#7879;u M&#7929;.</strong></p></div><p>&#272;&#7875; th&#7845;y r&#245; s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t, h&#227;y d&#249;ng v&#237; d&#7909; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n: n&#7871;u b&#7841;n c&#243; 1 tri&#7879;u USD g&#7917;i &#7903; New York, r&#7891;i chuy&#7875;n 700,000 USD sang ng&#226;n h&#224;ng &#7903; Th&#7909;y S&#297; &#8212; b&#7841;n ch&#432;a &#8220;de-dollarize&#8221;. B&#7841;n v&#7851;n gi&#7919; &#273;&#244; la. T&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#7911;a b&#7841;n v&#7851;n ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh &#273;&#244; la. Ch&#7881; l&#224; <strong>n&#417;i c&#7845;t gi&#7919;</strong> &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p><p>&#272;&#243; ch&#237;nh x&#225;c l&#224; nh&#7919;ng g&#236; Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang l&#224;m &#7903; quy m&#244; qu&#7889;c gia: gi&#7919; dollar exposure, gi&#7843;m US custodian exposure, d&#7883;ch chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; long-term Treasuries sang T-bills v&#224; Agencies, ph&#226;n t&#225;n l&#432;u k&#253; qua Brussels, Luxembourg, Paris, London, Toronto &#8212; v&#224; d&#249;ng Hong Kong nh&#432; m&#7897;t v&#249;ng &#273;&#7879;m h&#7845;p th&#7909; thanh kho&#7843;n tr&#432;&#7899;c khi n&#243; t&#236;m &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7871;n c&#225;c t&#224;i s&#7843;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh qu&#7889;c t&#7871;.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i n&#7893;i lo&#7841;n ti&#7873;n t&#7879;. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>qu&#7843;n l&#253; r&#7911;i ro &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;</strong> &#8212; m&#7897;t ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng ho&#224;n to&#224;n h&#7907;p l&#253; sau b&#224;i h&#7885;c Nga n&#259;m 2022.</p><p>S&#7921; ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t gi&#7919;a <strong>currency exposure</strong> v&#224; <strong>custody exposure</strong> l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m then ch&#7889;t m&#224; ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n b&#7887; qua:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Currency exposure</strong> = t&#7927; tr&#7885;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#244; la trong t&#7893;ng danh m&#7909;c &#8212; <strong>kh&#244;ng gi&#7843;m r&#245; r&#224;ng</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Custody exposure</strong> = t&#7927; tr&#7885;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; t&#7841;i custodians M&#7929;, d&#7877; quan s&#225;t trong TIC &#8212; <strong>&#273;ang gi&#7843;m c&#243; ch&#7911; &#273;&#237;ch</strong></p></li></ul><p>N&#7871;u ph&#7843;i t&#243;m l&#7841;i b&#7857;ng m&#7897;t c&#7909;m t&#7915;: &#273;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i de-dollarization; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>de-visible-dollarization</strong>.</p><p>T&#224;i s&#7843;n v&#7851;n l&#224; &#273;&#244; la. Nh&#432;ng c&#225;ch n&#7855;m gi&#7919; tr&#7903; n&#234;n &#237;t visible h&#417;n, kh&#243; b&#7883; &#273;&#243;ng b&#259;ng h&#417;n, linh ho&#7841;t h&#417;n v&#7873; k&#7923; h&#7841;n, v&#224; &#237;t ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c h&#417;n v&#224;o b&#7845;t k&#7923; custodian &#273;&#417;n l&#7867; n&#224;o c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; nh&#7855;m &#273;&#7871;n trong m&#7897;t k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n sanctions.</p><h2>T&#7846;NG VI &#8212; PBOC SWAP LINES: THAM V&#7884;NG THAY TH&#7870; DOLLAR LIQUIDITY V&#192; GI&#7898;I H&#7840;N TH&#7920;C T&#7870;</h2><h3>6.1. Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang x&#226;y m&#7897;t m&#7841;ng thanh kho&#7843;n song song</h3><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i v&#7873; <strong>tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Kho b&#7841;c M&#7929;</strong> kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224;: Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang n&#7855;m bao nhi&#234;u? C&#226;u h&#7887;i s&#226;u h&#417;n l&#224;: <strong>B&#7855;c Kinh c&#243; c&#244;ng c&#7909; n&#224;o &#273;&#7911; m&#7841;nh &#273;&#7875; th&#7853;t s&#7921; gi&#7843;m ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#244; la hay kh&#244;ng?</strong></p><p>C&#244;ng c&#7909; quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t l&#224; m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i <strong>th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n ho&#225;n &#273;&#7893;i ti&#7873;n t&#7879; song ph&#432;&#417;ng</strong> c&#7911;a PBOC &#8212; t&#7913;c c&#225;c th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n gi&#7919;a Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng Nh&#226;n d&#226;n Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#224; ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng c&#7911;a c&#225;c n&#432;&#7899;c kh&#225;c, cho ph&#233;p hai b&#234;n ho&#225;n &#273;&#7893;i &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh trong m&#7897;t kho&#7843;ng th&#7901;i gian nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh.</p><p>V&#7873; quy m&#244;, m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i n&#224;y kh&#244;ng nh&#7887;. PBOC c&#243; kho&#7843;ng <strong>549 t&#7927; USD ngu&#7891;n l&#7921;c cam k&#7871;t</strong> trong c&#225;c th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n ho&#225;n &#273;&#7893;i, g&#7847;n t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng v&#7899;i <strong>565 t&#7927; USD ngu&#7891;n l&#7921;c vay m&#432;&#7907;n</strong> c&#7911;a IMF t&#237;nh &#273;&#7871;n n&#259;m 2020. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y cho th&#7845;y B&#7855;c Kinh kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; n&#243;i v&#7873; vi&#7879;c gi&#7843;m ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o &#273;&#244; la tr&#234;n l&#253; thuy&#7871;t. H&#7885; &#273;ang x&#226;y m&#7897;t l&#7899;p <strong>l&#432;&#7899;i an to&#224;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh</strong> n&#7857;m ngo&#224;i tr&#7909;c <strong>Fed&#8211;IMF&#8211;&#273;&#244; la</strong>.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6ELo!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d9a09b-64ba-43e7-886b-914e317a109d_1409x819.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6ELo!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d9a09b-64ba-43e7-886b-914e317a109d_1409x819.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6ELo!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d9a09b-64ba-43e7-886b-914e317a109d_1409x819.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6ELo!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d9a09b-64ba-43e7-886b-914e317a109d_1409x819.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6ELo!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d9a09b-64ba-43e7-886b-914e317a109d_1409x819.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6ELo!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d9a09b-64ba-43e7-886b-914e317a109d_1409x819.png" width="1409" height="819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d1d9a09b-64ba-43e7-886b-914e317a109d_1409x819.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1409,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:233256,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d9a09b-64ba-43e7-886b-914e317a109d_1409x819.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6ELo!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d9a09b-64ba-43e7-886b-914e317a109d_1409x819.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6ELo!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d9a09b-64ba-43e7-886b-914e317a109d_1409x819.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6ELo!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d9a09b-64ba-43e7-886b-914e317a109d_1409x819.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6ELo!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d9a09b-64ba-43e7-886b-914e317a109d_1409x819.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Nh&#432;ng quy m&#244; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7891;ng ngh&#297;a v&#7899;i &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y. &#272;&#226;y m&#7899;i l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m then ch&#7889;t.</p><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t r&#7845;t r&#245; gi&#7919;a <strong>&#273;&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#225;n &#273;&#7893;i c&#7911;a Fed</strong> v&#224; <strong>&#273;&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#225;n &#273;&#7893;i c&#7911;a PBOC</strong>. M&#7897;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t c&#244;ng b&#7889; th&#225;ng 5/2026, s&#7917; d&#7909;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u ch&#234;nh l&#7879;ch l&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; c&#7911;a <strong>54 qu&#7889;c gia</strong> trong ch&#7881; s&#7889; <strong>J.P. Morgan EMBIG</strong> giai &#273;o&#7841;n 2006&#8211;2020, k&#7871;t h&#7907;p ph&#7887;ng v&#7845;n chuy&#234;n s&#226;u v&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u s&#7921; ki&#7879;n quanh c&#225;c l&#7847;n k&#253; th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n ho&#225;n &#273;&#7893;i, cho th&#7845;y k&#7871;t qu&#7843; kh&#225; r&#245;:</p><ul><li><p><strong>&#272;&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#225;n &#273;&#7893;i c&#7911;a Fed</strong> gi&#250;p gi&#7843;m ch&#234;nh l&#7879;ch l&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; kho&#7843;ng <strong>30%</strong>, v&#7899;i &#253; ngh&#297;a th&#7889;ng k&#234; cao.</p></li><li><p><strong>&#272;&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#225;n &#273;&#7893;i c&#7911;a PBOC</strong> nh&#236;n chung kh&#244;ng t&#7841;o ra t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng t&#237;ch c&#7921;c &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; l&#234;n m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; t&#237;n nhi&#7879;m c&#7911;a n&#432;&#7899;c nh&#7853;n.</p></li><li><p>Trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n <strong>2017&#8211;2020</strong>, c&#225;c th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n ho&#225;n &#273;&#7893;i c&#7911;a PBOC th&#7853;m ch&#237; c&#243; t&#432;&#417;ng quan v&#7899;i m&#7913;c r&#7911;i ro ch&#7911; quy&#7873;n cao h&#417;n.</p></li></ul><p>Di&#7877;n gi&#7843;i &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n: khi m&#7897;t qu&#7889;c gia c&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#225;n &#273;&#7893;i v&#7899;i Fed, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng hi&#7875;u &#273;&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t ngu&#7891;n <strong>b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m thanh kho&#7843;n</strong> &#273;&#225;ng tin. Khi m&#7897;t qu&#7889;c gia c&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#225;n &#273;&#7893;i v&#7899;i PBOC, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; n&#243; theo c&#249;ng c&#225;ch.</p><p>L&#253; do n&#7857;m &#7903; b&#7843;n ch&#7845;t &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n. Fed cung c&#7845;p th&#7913; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7847;n nh&#7845;t trong kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng: <strong>thanh kho&#7843;n &#273;&#244; la</strong>. PBOC cung c&#7845;p th&#7913; Trung Qu&#7889;c mu&#7889;n qu&#7889;c t&#7871; h&#243;a: <strong>thanh kho&#7843;n nh&#226;n d&#226;n t&#7879;</strong>. Hai th&#7913; n&#224;y ch&#432;a t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i ho&#225;n &#273;&#7893;i c&#7911;a PBOC r&#7845;t quan tr&#7885;ng v&#7873; m&#7863;t chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c, nh&#432;ng ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; thay th&#7871; vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a Fed trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh to&#224;n c&#7847;u. Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang x&#226;y m&#7897;t m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i thanh kho&#7843;n song song &#8212; nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7871;n nay, &#273;&#243; v&#7851;n ch&#432;a ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i m&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng xem l&#224; t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng v&#7899;i <strong>t&#7845;m l&#432;&#7899;i an to&#224;n b&#7857;ng &#273;&#244; la</strong>.</p><h3>6.2. V&#236; sao th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#432;a tin PBOC swaps nh&#432; Fed swaps - Ba l&#253; do c&#7845;u tr&#250;c</h3><p>C&#243; ba l&#253; do c&#7845;u tr&#250;c khi&#7871;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#432;a xem <strong>PBOC swap lines</strong> t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng v&#7899;i <strong>Fed swap lines</strong>.</p><ul><li><p><strong>Th&#7913; nh&#7845;t l&#224; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i ti&#7873;n t&#7879;.</strong> Ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n n&#7907; n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i c&#7911;a c&#225;c n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; m&#7899;i n&#7893;i v&#7851;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7883;nh danh b&#7857;ng <strong>USD</strong>. V&#236; v&#7853;y, khi m&#7897;t qu&#7889;c gia g&#7863;p kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng thanh kho&#7843;n, th&#7913; h&#7885; c&#7847;n nh&#7845;t th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i RMB, m&#224; l&#224; dollar liquidity. RMB nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7915; PBOC swap ch&#7881; h&#7919;u &#237;ch n&#7871;u c&#243; th&#7875; chuy&#7875;n nhanh, r&#7867; v&#224; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n sang USD. Trong th&#7921;c t&#7871;, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y kh&#244;ng lu&#244;n &#273;&#250;ng. M&#7897;t s&#7889; tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p nh&#432; Pakistan hay Sri Lanka cho th&#7845;y RMB swap kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nhu c&#7847;u tr&#7843; n&#7907; ho&#7863;c thanh to&#225;n b&#7857;ng USD.</p></li><li><p><strong>Th&#7913; hai l&#224; t&#237;nh thi&#7871;u minh b&#7841;ch.</strong> &#272;i&#7873;u kho&#7843;n c&#7911;a nhi&#7873;u th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n swap v&#7899;i Trung Qu&#7889;c th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng b&#7889; &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;: &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n r&#250;t v&#7889;n l&#224; g&#236;, chi ph&#237; bao nhi&#234;u, c&#243; th&#7875; chuy&#7875;n sang USD kh&#244;ng, c&#243; r&#224;ng bu&#7897;c ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; hay th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i n&#224;o kh&#244;ng. Khi th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng hi&#7875;u r&#245; m&#7897;t backstop ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o, h&#7885; s&#7869; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; n&#243; nh&#432; m&#7897;t backstop th&#7921;c s&#7921;.</p></li><li><p><strong>Th&#7913; ba l&#224; b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;.</strong> Theo th&#7901;i gian, PBOC swaps ng&#224;y c&#224;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#236;n nh&#432; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c qu&#7889;c t&#7871; h&#243;a RMB, Belt and Road, v&#224; financial statecraft c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c &#8212; h&#417;n l&#224; m&#7897;t ngu&#7891;n thanh kho&#7843;n trung l&#7853;p. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y kh&#244;ng c&#243; ngh&#297;a c&#244;ng c&#7909; &#273;&#243; v&#244; d&#7909;ng. Nh&#432;ng n&#243; khi&#7871;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i: &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t liquidity backstop &#273;&#225;ng tin, hay l&#224; m&#7897;t th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; c&#243; &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n?</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m n&#7889;i tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p v&#7899;i c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n Treasuries.</p><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#243; th&#7875; mu&#7889;n gi&#7843;m ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o dollar system, nh&#432;ng c&#244;ng c&#7909; thay th&#7871; c&#7911;a h&#7885; v&#7851;n ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; s&#7913;c thay th&#7871; dollar liquidity trong kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng. N&#7871;u PBOC swap lines &#8212; m&#7897;t tr&#7909; c&#7897;t c&#7911;a chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c qu&#7889;c t&#7871; h&#243;a nh&#226;n d&#226;n t&#7879; &#8212; kh&#244;ng l&#224;m th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng gi&#7843;m lo ng&#7841;i v&#7873; sovereign credit risk, th&#236; de-dollarization v&#7851;n thi&#7871;u m&#7897;t n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng quan tr&#7885;ng.</p><p>Ngh&#7883;ch l&#253; n&#7857;m &#7903; &#273;&#226;y:</p><blockquote><p><strong>B&#7855;c Kinh mu&#7889;n gi&#7843;m ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o &#273;&#244; la, nh&#432;ng trong kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng th&#7853;t s&#7921;, th&#7871; gi&#7899;i v&#7851;n c&#7847;n dollar liquidity &#8212; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i RMB liquidity.</strong></p></blockquote><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, PBOC swaps l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#244;ng c&#7909; chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;, nh&#432;ng ch&#432;a ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t s&#7921; thay th&#7871; ho&#224;n ch&#7881;nh cho h&#7879; th&#7889;ng Fed&#8211;IMF&#8211;dollar. Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang x&#226;y m&#7897;t m&#7841;ng thanh kho&#7843;n song song, nh&#432;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7851;n ch&#432;a xem m&#7841;ng &#273;&#243; l&#224; n&#417;i tr&#250; &#7849;n cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng khi c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh x&#7843;y ra.</p><div><hr></div><h2>T&#7846;NG VII &#8212; T&#7840;I SAO TRUNG QU&#7888;C KH&#212;NG TH&#7874;, KH&#212;NG MU&#7888;N, V&#192; KH&#212;NG N&#202;N B&#193;N TH&#193;O</h2><h3>7.1. T&#249; nh&#226;n c&#7911;a th&#7863;ng d&#432; th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i</h3><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; h&#7847;u h&#7871;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; &#8220;v&#361; kh&#237; h&#7841;t nh&#226;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh&#8221; th&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7887; qua: Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng d&#7877; b&#225;n th&#225;o t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#244; la, v&#236; h&#7885; b&#7883; giam trong ch&#237;nh th&#7863;ng d&#432; th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i c&#7911;a m&#236;nh.</p><p>V&#7899;i th&#7863;ng d&#432; h&#224;ng h&#243;a h&#417;n <strong>1.2 ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD</strong> trong n&#259;m 2025, m&#7895;i &#273;&#244; la d&#432; ra &#273;&#7873;u ph&#7843;i &#273;i &#273;&#226;u &#273;&#243;. Nh&#432;ng l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n n&#224;o c&#361;ng k&#233;o Trung Qu&#7889;c tr&#7903; l&#7841;i h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i &#273;&#244; la:</p><ul><li><p><strong>T&#237;ch l&#361;y v&#224;o d&#7921; tr&#7919;:</strong> d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n v&#7851;n quay l&#7841;i Treasuries, Agencies, T-bills, ti&#7873;n g&#7917;i USD ho&#7863;c c&#225;c t&#224;i s&#7843;n ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n kh&#225;c.</p></li><li><p><strong>&#272;&#7875; CNY t&#259;ng gi&#225;:</strong> xu&#7845;t kh&#7849;u m&#7845;t l&#7907;i th&#7871; &#273;&#250;ng l&#250;c kinh t&#7871; trong n&#432;&#7899;c ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c t&#7915; gi&#7843;m ph&#225;t, d&#432; th&#7915;a c&#244;ng su&#7845;t v&#224; c&#7841;nh tranh ki&#7875;u <strong>neijuan</strong>.</p></li><li><p><strong>&#272;&#7847;u t&#432; ra n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i:</strong> quy m&#244; h&#7845;p th&#7909; c&#242;n qu&#225; nh&#7887; so v&#7899;i th&#7863;ng d&#432;, l&#7841;i ng&#224;y c&#224;ng b&#7883; ch&#7863;n b&#7903;i r&#224;o c&#7843;n &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; v&#224; an ninh &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;.</p></li><li><p><strong>Gi&#7919; offshore:</strong> USD v&#7851;n ch&#432;a r&#7901;i kh&#7887;i h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i &#273;&#244; la; n&#243; ch&#7881; &#273;&#7893;i &#273;&#7883;a &#273;i&#7875;m l&#432;u tr&#250; &#8212; t&#7915; PBOC sang state banks, Hong Kong, Singapore ho&#7863;c t&#224;i kho&#7843;n offshore.</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; ngh&#7883;ch l&#253; c&#259;n b&#7843;n: <strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c mu&#7889;n gi&#7843;m ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o &#273;&#244; la, nh&#432;ng ch&#237;nh m&#244; h&#236;nh t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng d&#7921;a v&#224;o th&#7863;ng d&#432; l&#7841;i bu&#7897;c h&#7885; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c t&#237;ch l&#361;y t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#244; la.</strong></p><p>Quy m&#244; c&#361;ng khi&#7871;n so s&#225;nh v&#7899;i Nga tr&#7903; n&#234;n kh&#7853;p khi&#7877;ng. T&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#244; la c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c l&#7899;n h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#244; la c&#7911;a Nga tr&#432;&#7899;c n&#259;m 2022. Nh&#7919;ng g&#236; Nga c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m trong v&#224;i n&#259;m kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i th&#7913; Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#243; th&#7875; sao ch&#233;p d&#7877; d&#224;ng m&#224; kh&#244;ng t&#7921; g&#226;y t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng cho ch&#237;nh h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh v&#224; t&#7927; gi&#225; c&#7911;a m&#236;nh.</p><h2>7.2. Logic t&#7921; h&#7911;y c&#7911;a m&#7897;t c&#250; b&#225;n th&#225;o</h2><p>Gi&#7843; s&#7917; Trung Qu&#7889;c quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh b&#225;n <strong>500 t&#7927; USD Treasuries</strong>. Chu&#7895;i ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; &#8220;M&#7929; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893;&#8221;.</p><p>Tr&#432;&#7899;c h&#7871;t, cung Treasuries t&#259;ng s&#7869; khi&#7871;n gi&#225; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u gi&#7843;m v&#224; yield t&#259;ng. Nh&#432;ng yield M&#7929; cao h&#417;n c&#361;ng khi&#7871;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#244; la tr&#7903; n&#234;n h&#7845;p d&#7851;n h&#417;n, c&#243; th&#7875; k&#233;o USD m&#7841;nh l&#234;n. Khi &#273;&#243;, Trung Qu&#7889;c nh&#7853;n v&#7873; m&#7897;t l&#432;&#7907;ng USD kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; t&#7915; vi&#7879;c b&#225;n tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u. N&#7871;u mu&#7889;n chuy&#7875;n l&#432;&#7907;ng USD n&#224;y v&#7873; CNY, &#225;p l&#7921;c mua nh&#226;n d&#226;n t&#7879; s&#7869; &#273;&#7849;y CNY t&#259;ng gi&#225; m&#7841;nh &#8212; &#273;&#250;ng &#273;i&#7873;u B&#7855;c Kinh &#273;ang c&#7889; tr&#225;nh.</p><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, m&#7897;t c&#250; b&#225;n th&#225;o quy m&#244; l&#7899;n c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m h&#7841;i ch&#237;nh m&#7909;c ti&#234;u t&#7927; gi&#225; c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c.</p><p>Ch&#432;a h&#7871;t, n&#7871;u th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh M&#7929; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng m&#7841;nh, Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7913;ng ngo&#224;i thi&#7879;t h&#7841;i. B&#7855;c Kinh s&#7869; &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t v&#7899;i bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng USD/CNY, &#225;p l&#7921;c l&#234;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n r&#7911;i ro Trung Qu&#7889;c, d&#242;ng v&#7889;n &#273;&#7843;o chi&#7873;u, Chinese ADRs gi&#7843;m, v&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n t&#237;n d&#7909;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u th&#7855;t ch&#7863;t h&#417;n.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, Treasuries kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t v&#361; kh&#237; m&#7897;t chi&#7873;u. N&#243; gi&#7889;ng m&#7897;t qu&#7843; bom hai &#273;&#7847;u: n&#7871;u k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t, M&#7929; b&#7883; &#273;au, nh&#432;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#361;ng b&#7883; th&#432;&#417;ng.</p><h2>7.3. H&#7879; sinh th&#225;i &#273;&#244; la qu&#225; s&#226;u &#273;&#7875; tho&#225;t nhanh</h2><p>L&#253; do cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng l&#224; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ti&#7873;n t&#7879; to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p><p>&#272;&#244; la v&#7851;n chi&#7871;m kho&#7843;ng <strong>58% d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i to&#224;n c&#7847;u</strong>, kho&#7843;ng <strong>54% vay n&#7907; xuy&#234;n bi&#234;n gi&#7899;i</strong>, v&#224; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n trong g&#7847;n <strong>88% giao d&#7883;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879; qu&#7889;c t&#7871;</strong>. Trong khi &#273;&#243;, nh&#226;n d&#226;n t&#7879; v&#7851;n ch&#7881; quanh <strong>2% d&#7921; tr&#7919; to&#224;n c&#7847;u</strong>, g&#7847;n nh&#432; &#273;i ngang t&#7915; n&#259;m 2020.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8EyJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56b3bccb-1b20-41f8-950f-9118e309b34f_944x505.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8EyJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56b3bccb-1b20-41f8-950f-9118e309b34f_944x505.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8EyJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56b3bccb-1b20-41f8-950f-9118e309b34f_944x505.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8EyJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56b3bccb-1b20-41f8-950f-9118e309b34f_944x505.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8EyJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56b3bccb-1b20-41f8-950f-9118e309b34f_944x505.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8EyJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56b3bccb-1b20-41f8-950f-9118e309b34f_944x505.png" width="944" height="505" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/56b3bccb-1b20-41f8-950f-9118e309b34f_944x505.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:505,&quot;width&quot;:944,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:50887,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56b3bccb-1b20-41f8-950f-9118e309b34f_944x505.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8EyJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56b3bccb-1b20-41f8-950f-9118e309b34f_944x505.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8EyJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56b3bccb-1b20-41f8-950f-9118e309b34f_944x505.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8EyJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56b3bccb-1b20-41f8-950f-9118e309b34f_944x505.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8EyJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56b3bccb-1b20-41f8-950f-9118e309b34f_944x505.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng thay th&#7871; ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; s&#226;u, ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; thanh kho&#7843;n v&#224; ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#225;ng tin &#273;&#7875; h&#7845;p th&#7909; quy m&#244; t&#224;i s&#7843;n m&#224; Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#7847;n t&#225;i ph&#226;n b&#7893;.</p><p>Quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n, Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; ch&#7911; n&#7907; &#273;&#244; la. Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#361;ng l&#224; con n&#7907; &#273;&#244; la. N&#432;&#7899;c n&#224;y c&#243; kho&#7843;ng <strong>1.1 ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD n&#7907; n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i b&#7857;ng &#273;&#244; la</strong>, trong khi g&#7847;n <strong>84% n&#7907; b&#7857;ng ngo&#7841;i t&#7879;</strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7883;nh danh b&#7857;ng USD. Ri&#234;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng c&#243; kho&#7843;ng <strong>418 t&#7927; USD n&#7907; xuy&#234;n bi&#234;n gi&#7899;i b&#7857;ng &#273;&#244; la</strong> v&#224;o qu&#253; IV/2023.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAnp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe61c75dd-8fb0-4cd5-896a-221fd97317cd_1004x185.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAnp!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe61c75dd-8fb0-4cd5-896a-221fd97317cd_1004x185.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAnp!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe61c75dd-8fb0-4cd5-896a-221fd97317cd_1004x185.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAnp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe61c75dd-8fb0-4cd5-896a-221fd97317cd_1004x185.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAnp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe61c75dd-8fb0-4cd5-896a-221fd97317cd_1004x185.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAnp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe61c75dd-8fb0-4cd5-896a-221fd97317cd_1004x185.png" width="1004" height="185" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e61c75dd-8fb0-4cd5-896a-221fd97317cd_1004x185.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:185,&quot;width&quot;:1004,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:68375,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe61c75dd-8fb0-4cd5-896a-221fd97317cd_1004x185.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAnp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe61c75dd-8fb0-4cd5-896a-221fd97317cd_1004x185.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAnp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe61c75dd-8fb0-4cd5-896a-221fd97317cd_1004x185.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAnp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe61c75dd-8fb0-4cd5-896a-221fd97317cd_1004x185.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AAnp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe61c75dd-8fb0-4cd5-896a-221fd97317cd_1004x185.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Ngu&#7891;n: SAFE c&#244;ng b&#7889; d&#7919; li&#7879;u n&#7907; n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c t&#237;nh &#273;&#7871;n cu&#7889;i th&#225;ng 9/2023 &#8212; https://www.safe.gov.cn/en/2023/1228/2157.html</figcaption></figure></div><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, t&#7845;n c&#244;ng &#273;&#244; la kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c mi&#7877;n ph&#237;. Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#7915;a n&#7855;m t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#244; la, v&#7915;a c&#243; ngh&#297;a v&#7909; n&#7907; b&#7857;ng &#273;&#244; la, v&#7915;a c&#7847;n &#273;&#244; la &#273;&#7875; qu&#7843;n l&#253; t&#7927; gi&#225; v&#224; th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i. M&#7897;t c&#250; r&#7901;i b&#7887; qu&#225; nhanh s&#7869; l&#224;m rung chuy&#7875;n ch&#237;nh b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c.</p><p>K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a t&#7847;ng n&#224;y r&#7845;t &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng th&#7875; d&#7877; d&#224;ng b&#225;n th&#225;o Treasuries, kh&#244;ng mu&#7889;n &#273;&#7875; CNY t&#259;ng qu&#225; m&#7841;nh, v&#224; c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng n&#234;n t&#7921; l&#224;m t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i &#273;&#244; la c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh.</strong></p></blockquote><p>N&#243;i g&#7885;n h&#417;n:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Trung Qu&#7889;c b&#7883; kh&#243;a trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#244; la kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; h&#7885; tin &#273;&#244; la tuy&#7879;t &#273;&#7889;i, m&#224; v&#236; ch&#237;nh m&#244; h&#236;nh th&#7863;ng d&#432; c&#7911;a h&#7885; v&#7851;n c&#7847;n &#273;&#244; la &#273;&#7875; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh.</strong></p></blockquote><div><hr></div><h2>T&#7846;NG VIII &#8212; R&#7910;I RO TH&#7920;C S&#7920;: STRUCTURAL WITHDRAWAL V&#192; B&#192;I TO&#193;N S&#7888; H&#7884;C</h2><h3>8.1 Ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t &#8220;b&#225;n b&#7899;t&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;mua &#237;t &#273;i&#8221;</h3><p>&#272;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng m&#224; ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7887; qua l&#224; s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t gi&#7919;a <strong>b&#225;n th&#225;o</strong> v&#224; <strong>gi&#7843;m m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; tham gia</strong>.</p><p>Nhu c&#7847;u &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Kho b&#7841;c M&#7929; g&#7891;m hai ph&#7847;n:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Nhu c&#7847;u t&#225;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;</strong>: mua l&#7841;i tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u m&#7899;i khi tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u c&#361; &#273;&#225;o h&#7841;n.</p></li><li><p><strong>Nhu c&#7847;u mua m&#7899;i</strong>: mua th&#234;m l&#432;&#7907;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c B&#7897; T&#224;i ch&#237;nh M&#7929; ph&#225;t h&#224;nh th&#234;m.</p></li></ul><p>V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; v&#7899;i Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#250; b&#225;n th&#225;o k&#7883;ch t&#237;nh. V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; l&#224; h&#7885; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;ang <strong>tham gia &#237;t h&#417;n &#7903; c&#7843; hai k&#234;nh</strong>: t&#225;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; &#237;t h&#417;n v&#224;o tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u d&#224;i h&#7841;n, v&#224; mua &#237;t h&#417;n l&#432;&#7907;ng ph&#225;t h&#224;nh m&#7899;i.</p><p>V&#7899;i th&#7863;ng d&#432; th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i kho&#7843;ng <strong>1.2 ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD m&#7895;i n&#259;m</strong>, Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#7873; l&#253; thuy&#7871;t l&#224; m&#7897;t ngu&#7891;n c&#7847;u t&#7921; nhi&#234;n r&#7845;t l&#7899;n cho Treasuries. Tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#226;y, m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; th&#7863;ng d&#432; &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#225;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; v&#224;o tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Kho b&#7841;c M&#7929; d&#224;i h&#7841;n. Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u hi&#7879;n nay d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n chuy&#7875;n sang <strong>T-bills</strong>, <strong>Agency securities</strong>, c&#225;c <strong>custodians ngo&#224;i M&#7929;</strong>, ho&#7863;c n&#7857;m trong b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i c&#7911;a <strong>state banks</strong> v&#224; t&#224;i kho&#7843;n offshore, th&#236; Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n &#8220;b&#225;n th&#225;o&#8221; v&#7851;n c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng m&#7899;i trong nhu c&#7847;u &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i Treasuries d&#224;i h&#7841;n.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m chart d&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y minh h&#7885;a kh&#225; r&#245;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7P1Y!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4be73a-376c-42c9-b068-b379cf7c0867_1024x743.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7P1Y!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4be73a-376c-42c9-b068-b379cf7c0867_1024x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7P1Y!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4be73a-376c-42c9-b068-b379cf7c0867_1024x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7P1Y!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4be73a-376c-42c9-b068-b379cf7c0867_1024x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7P1Y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4be73a-376c-42c9-b068-b379cf7c0867_1024x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7P1Y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4be73a-376c-42c9-b068-b379cf7c0867_1024x743.png" width="1024" height="743" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/bd4be73a-376c-42c9-b068-b379cf7c0867_1024x743.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:743,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7P1Y!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4be73a-376c-42c9-b068-b379cf7c0867_1024x743.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7P1Y!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4be73a-376c-42c9-b068-b379cf7c0867_1024x743.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7P1Y!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4be73a-376c-42c9-b068-b379cf7c0867_1024x743.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7P1Y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd4be73a-376c-42c9-b068-b379cf7c0867_1024x743.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Trung Qu&#7889;c &#8212; Treasury holdings n&#7871;u t&#237;nh 30% Treasuries t&#7841;i custodial centers - N&#7871;u ch&#7881; nh&#236;n Treasuries trong U.S. custodians, holdings c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c gi&#7843;m m&#7841;nh. Nh&#432;ng khi c&#7897;ng th&#234;m m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n Treasuries c&#243; th&#7875; n&#7857;m t&#7841;i c&#225;c custodial centers ngo&#224;i M&#7929; &#8212; trong chart n&#224;y l&#224; k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n 30% &#8212; t&#7893;ng Treasury exposure &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i headline TIC. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t sensitivity case, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i con s&#7889; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n, nh&#432;ng n&#243; gi&#250;p ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t gi&#7919;a &#8220;b&#225;n th&#225;o&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;chuy&#7875;n n&#417;i l&#432;u k&#253;/k&#7923; h&#7841;n n&#7855;m gi&#7919;&#8221;.</figcaption></figure></div><p>&#272;i&#7875;m c&#7847;n r&#250;t ra l&#224;: d&#242;ng <strong>&#8220;China&#8221;</strong> trong TIC gi&#7843;m kh&#244;ng t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng ngh&#297;a v&#7899;i vi&#7879;c Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang b&#225;n s&#7841;ch Treasuries. M&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; gi&#7843;m n&#7855;m gi&#7919; <strong>tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u d&#224;i h&#7841;n</strong> tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng l&#432;u k&#253; M&#7929;; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; chuy&#7875;n sang <strong>T-bills</strong>; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; chuy&#7875;n sang <strong>custodians ngo&#224;i M&#7929;</strong>; v&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n kh&#225;c c&#243; th&#7875; n&#7857;m trong b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i c&#7911;a <strong>state banks</strong>.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, r&#7911;i ro th&#7853;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; Trung Qu&#7889;c th&#7913;c d&#7853;y m&#7897;t ng&#224;y v&#224; b&#225;n to&#224;n b&#7897; Treasuries. R&#7911;i ro th&#7853;t l&#224; Trung Qu&#7889;c <strong>mua &#237;t h&#417;n</strong>, <strong>t&#225;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; &#237;t h&#417;n v&#224;o k&#7923; h&#7841;n d&#224;i</strong>, v&#224; <strong>&#237;t xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n h&#417;n trong ph&#7847;n c&#7847;u m&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng Treasury t&#7915;ng quen d&#7921;a v&#224;o</strong>.</p><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i b&#225;n th&#225;o &#7891;n &#224;o. M&#224; l&#224; mua &#237;t &#273;i m&#7897;t c&#225;ch &#226;m th&#7847;m.</strong></p></blockquote><h3>8.2 B&#224;i to&#225;n s&#7889; h&#7885;c c&#7911;a ph&#225;t h&#224;nh m&#7899;i</h3><p>R&#7911;i ro th&#7853;t n&#7857;m &#7903; b&#224;i to&#225;n cung&#8211;c&#7847;u c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng Treasury.</p><p>Trong v&#224;i n&#259;m t&#7899;i, M&#7929; c&#243; th&#7875; ph&#7843;i ph&#225;t h&#224;nh kho&#7843;ng <strong>1.5&#8211;2.0 ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD Treasuries m&#7899;i m&#7895;i n&#259;m</strong>. Tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#226;y, khu v&#7921;c n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i th&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7845;p th&#7909; kho&#7843;ng <strong>20&#8211;30%</strong> l&#432;&#7907;ng ph&#225;t h&#224;nh r&#242;ng m&#7899;i. V&#236; v&#7853;y, ch&#7881; c&#7847;n c&#225;c ch&#7911; n&#7907; l&#7899;n nh&#432; Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#224; Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n mua &#237;t h&#417;n, ph&#7847;n thi&#7871;u h&#7909;t &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7911; l&#7899;n &#273;&#7875; thay &#273;&#7893;i m&#7913;c l&#7907;i su&#7845;t m&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng y&#234;u c&#7847;u.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kq2U!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd577a6da-81e0-4d89-b9a1-d2f0d3a122da_3130x2273.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kq2U!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd577a6da-81e0-4d89-b9a1-d2f0d3a122da_3130x2273.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kq2U!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd577a6da-81e0-4d89-b9a1-d2f0d3a122da_3130x2273.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kq2U!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd577a6da-81e0-4d89-b9a1-d2f0d3a122da_3130x2273.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kq2U!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd577a6da-81e0-4d89-b9a1-d2f0d3a122da_3130x2273.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kq2U!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd577a6da-81e0-4d89-b9a1-d2f0d3a122da_3130x2273.png" width="1456" height="1057" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d577a6da-81e0-4d89-b9a1-d2f0d3a122da_3130x2273.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1057,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kq2U!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd577a6da-81e0-4d89-b9a1-d2f0d3a122da_3130x2273.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kq2U!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd577a6da-81e0-4d89-b9a1-d2f0d3a122da_3130x2273.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kq2U!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd577a6da-81e0-4d89-b9a1-d2f0d3a122da_3130x2273.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kq2U!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd577a6da-81e0-4d89-b9a1-d2f0d3a122da_3130x2273.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><strong>M&#7929; &#8212; c&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c &#273;&#7857;ng sau nhu c&#7847;u n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i v&#7899;i Treasuries v&#224; Agencies &#8212;</strong> Nhu c&#7847;u n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i v&#7899;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n n&#7907; M&#7929; v&#7851;n l&#7899;n, nh&#432;ng ng&#224;y c&#224;ng g&#7855;n v&#7899;i d&#242;ng v&#7889;n danh m&#7909;c v&#224; t&#237;n d&#7909;ng t&#432; nh&#226;n r&#7897;ng h&#417;n, ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; v&#7899;i t&#237;ch l&#361;y d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y l&#224;m cho vi&#7879;c &#8220;buying less&#8221; c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c tr&#7903; n&#234;n &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253; h&#417;n.</figcaption></figure></div><p>R&#7911;i ro v&#236; v&#7853;y kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; m&#7897;t c&#250; b&#225;n th&#225;o b&#7845;t ng&#7901;. N&#243; n&#7857;m &#7903; ch&#7895; <strong>c&#7845;u tr&#250;c ng&#432;&#7901;i mua Treasuries to&#224;n c&#7847;u &#273;ang thay &#273;&#7893;i</strong>. M&#7929; v&#7851;n thu h&#250;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c v&#7889;n n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i, nh&#432;ng d&#242;ng v&#7889;n &#273;&#243; ng&#224;y c&#224;ng &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; nhi&#7873;u nh&#243;m nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; kh&#225;c nhau &#8212; qu&#7929; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u, c&#244;ng ty b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m, qu&#7929; h&#432;u tr&#237;, ng&#226;n h&#224;ng, nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; t&#432; nh&#226;n &#8212; ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n d&#7921;a ch&#7911; y&#7871;u v&#224;o t&#237;ch l&#361;y d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i nh&#432; tr&#432;&#7899;c.</p><p>N&#7871;u Trung Qu&#7889;c gi&#7843;m mua Treasuries m&#7899;i t&#7915; kho&#7843;ng <strong>200 t&#7927; USD/n&#259;m</strong> xu&#7889;ng <strong>100 t&#7927; USD/n&#259;m</strong>, v&#224; Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n c&#361;ng gi&#7843;m t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; do &#225;p l&#7921;c ri&#234;ng t&#7915; b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng h&#243;a ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch BOJ, h&#243;a &#273;&#417;n n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng cao h&#417;n ho&#7863;c &#225;p l&#7921;c t&#7927; gi&#225;, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7843;i t&#236;m th&#234;m kho&#7843;ng <strong>150&#8211;250 t&#7927; USD/n&#259;m</strong> t&#7915; ng&#432;&#7901;i mua kh&#225;c.</p><p>V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i mua thay th&#7871; th&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m v&#7899;i l&#7907;i su&#7845;t h&#417;n. N&#7871;u <strong>mutual funds</strong>, <strong>pension funds</strong>, <strong>insurance companies</strong> ho&#7863;c nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a M&#7929; &#273;&#242;i l&#7907;i su&#7845;t cao h&#417;n &#273;&#7875; h&#7845;p th&#7909; l&#432;&#7907;ng ph&#225;t h&#224;nh th&#234;m, <strong>term premium</strong> s&#7869; t&#259;ng. Khi &#273;&#243;, l&#227;i su&#7845;t d&#224;i h&#7841;n M&#7929; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;i l&#234;n ngay c&#7843; khi Fed kh&#244;ng n&#226;ng l&#227;i su&#7845;t ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y m&#7899;i l&#224; k&#234;nh truy&#7873;n d&#7851;n th&#7853;t t&#7915; h&#224;nh vi c&#7911;a c&#225;c foreign holders l&#7899;n sang chi ph&#237; &#273;i vay c&#7911;a M&#7929;.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng &#7891;n &#224;o.<br>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i &#8220;v&#361; kh&#237; h&#7841;t nh&#226;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh&#8221;.<br>Kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#250; s&#7889;c &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;.</p><p>Ch&#7881; l&#224; b&#224;i to&#225;n s&#7889; h&#7885;c c&#7911;a cung v&#224; c&#7847;u:</p><blockquote><p><strong>N&#7871;u ng&#432;&#7901;i mua bi&#234;n c&#361; mua &#237;t h&#417;n, ng&#432;&#7901;i mua m&#7899;i s&#7869; &#273;&#242;i gi&#225; t&#7889;t h&#417;n &#8212; t&#7913;c l&#7907;i su&#7845;t cao h&#417;n.</strong></p></blockquote><h3>8.3 &#272;&#7885;c &#273;&#250;ng chu&#7895;i TIC 2025&#8211;2026</h3><p>Nh&#236;n v&#224;o chu&#7895;i TIC t&#7915; gi&#7919;a n&#259;m 2025 &#273;&#7871;n th&#225;ng 3/2026, b&#7913;c tranh kh&#244;ng gi&#7889;ng m&#7897;t chi&#7871;n d&#7883;ch b&#225;n th&#225;o li&#234;n t&#7909;c. N&#243; gi&#7889;ng h&#417;n m&#7897;t chu&#7895;i <strong>t&#225;i &#273;&#7883;nh tuy&#7871;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n, duy tr&#236; th&#7909; &#273;&#7897;ng, r&#7891;i b&#225;n thanh kho&#7843;n trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng</strong>.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9eLW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5fde37c8-6565-494e-bc65-3a772c9acfc6_625x307.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9eLW!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5fde37c8-6565-494e-bc65-3a772c9acfc6_625x307.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9eLW!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5fde37c8-6565-494e-bc65-3a772c9acfc6_625x307.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9eLW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5fde37c8-6565-494e-bc65-3a772c9acfc6_625x307.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9eLW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5fde37c8-6565-494e-bc65-3a772c9acfc6_625x307.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9eLW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5fde37c8-6565-494e-bc65-3a772c9acfc6_625x307.png" width="625" height="307" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5fde37c8-6565-494e-bc65-3a772c9acfc6_625x307.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:307,&quot;width&quot;:625,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:41138,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/198965834?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5fde37c8-6565-494e-bc65-3a772c9acfc6_625x307.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9eLW!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5fde37c8-6565-494e-bc65-3a772c9acfc6_625x307.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9eLW!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5fde37c8-6565-494e-bc65-3a772c9acfc6_625x307.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9eLW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5fde37c8-6565-494e-bc65-3a772c9acfc6_625x307.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9eLW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5fde37c8-6565-494e-bc65-3a772c9acfc6_625x307.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><ul><li><p><strong>Pattern 1 &#8212; D&#7883;ch chuy&#7875;n 07-08/2025:</strong> holdings c&#7911;a China, Mainland gi&#7843;m t&#7915; 731.4 t&#7927; USD xu&#7889;ng 695.6 t&#7927; USD, t&#7913;c kho&#7843;ng -35.8 t&#7927; USD. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; c&#250; gi&#7843;m &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng n&#234;n &#273;&#7885;c m&#7897;t c&#225;ch &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; &#8220;b&#225;n th&#225;o&#8221;. Trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh state banks h&#7845;p th&#7909; nhi&#7873;u USD h&#417;n v&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; qua custodians ngo&#224;i M&#7929;, m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh <strong>d&#7883;ch chuy&#7875;n n&#417;i l&#432;u k&#253; ho&#7863;c k&#7923; h&#7841;n n&#7855;m gi&#7919;</strong>, kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; b&#225;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n.</p></li><li><p><strong>Pattern 2 &#8212; &#272;i ngang 06-09/2025:</strong> t&#7915; th&#225;ng 9 &#273;&#7871;n th&#225;ng 12/2025, holdings gi&#7843;m t&#7915; 699.7 t&#7927; USD xu&#7889;ng 683.5 t&#7927; USD, t&#7913;c kho&#7843;ng -16.2 t&#7927; USD trong b&#7889;n th&#225;ng. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7913;c gi&#7843;m v&#7915;a ph&#7843;i so v&#7899;i quy m&#244; danh m&#7909;c, ph&#249; h&#7907;p h&#417;n v&#7899;i tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i <strong>duy tr&#236; th&#7909; &#273;&#7897;ng / &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh danh m&#7909;c</strong>, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t chi&#7871;n d&#7883;ch tho&#225;t kh&#7887;i Treasuries m&#7897;t c&#225;ch c&#243; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng.</p></li><li><p><strong>Pattern 3 &#8212; Th&#225;ng mua r&#242;ng 01/2026:</strong> t&#7915; th&#225;ng 12/2025 &#273;&#7871;n th&#225;ng 1/2026, holdings t&#259;ng t&#7915; 683.5 t&#7927; USD l&#234;n 694.4 t&#7927; USD, t&#7913;c +10.9 t&#7927; USD. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng v&#236; n&#243; b&#225;c b&#7887; narrative r&#7857;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang b&#225;n ra &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7863;n, li&#234;n t&#7909;c v&#224; c&#243; ch&#7911; &#273;&#237;ch trong m&#7885;i th&#225;ng.</p></li><li><p><strong>Pattern 4 &#8212; 02/2026 g&#7847;n nh&#432; &#273;i ngang:</strong> th&#225;ng 2/2026 gi&#7843;m r&#7845;t nh&#7865; t&#7915; 694.4 t&#7927; USD xu&#7889;ng 693.3 t&#7927; USD, t&#7913;c -1.1 t&#7927; USD. N&#7871;u c&#243; m&#7897;t chi&#7871;n d&#7883;ch systematic dumping, ta s&#7869; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng chu&#7895;i gi&#7843;m &#273;&#7873;u v&#224; m&#7841;nh h&#417;n. Nh&#432;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u th&#225;ng 1&#8211;2 kh&#244;ng cho th&#7845;y &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243;.</p></li><li><p><strong>Pattern 5 &#8212; C&#250; r&#417;i 03/2026:</strong> th&#225;ng 3/2026 gi&#7843;m t&#7915; 693.3 t&#7927; USD xu&#7889;ng 652.3 t&#7927; USD, t&#7913;c -41.0 t&#7927; USD. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; c&#250; gi&#7843;m l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t trong chu&#7895;i g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y. Reuters c&#361;ng ghi nh&#7853;n th&#225;ng 3/2026 l&#224; th&#225;ng Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n v&#224; Trung Qu&#7889;c d&#7851;n &#273;&#7847;u m&#7913;c gi&#7843;m trong foreign holdings of Treasuries, trong khi t&#7893;ng foreign holdings gi&#7843;m t&#7915; m&#7913;c k&#7927; l&#7909;c th&#225;ng 2. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y ph&#249; h&#7907;p h&#417;n v&#7899;i m&#7897;t c&#250; b&#225;n ra do &#225;p l&#7921;c thanh kho&#7843;n (<strong>liquidity-driven selling)</strong> trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng, h&#417;n l&#224; b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng v&#7873; m&#7897;t chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c b&#225;n th&#225;o tuy&#7871;n t&#237;nh v&#224; k&#233;o d&#224;i.</p></li></ul><p>K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a chu&#7895;i n&#224;y l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p><strong>D&#7919; li&#7879;u TIC kh&#244;ng cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7859;ng &#8220;China &#273;ang b&#225;n th&#225;o Treasuries&#8221;. N&#243; cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t b&#7913;c tranh ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n: gi&#7843;m m&#7841;nh &#7903; m&#7897;t s&#7889; th&#225;ng, &#273;i ngang &#7903; m&#7897;t s&#7889; th&#225;ng, c&#243; th&#225;ng mua r&#242;ng, v&#224; m&#7897;t c&#250; gi&#7843;m l&#7899;n trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n stress.</strong></p></blockquote><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, c&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#250;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; <strong>systematic dumping</strong>, m&#224; l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p><strong>portfolio rebalancing + custody shifting + liquidity management.</strong></p><p><strong>t&#225;i c&#417; c&#7845;u danh m&#7909;c + chuy&#7875;n d&#7883;ch n&#417;i l&#432;u k&#253; + qu&#7843;n l&#253; thanh kho&#7843;n</strong></p></blockquote><div><hr></div><h2>K&#7870;T LU&#7852;N: N&#258;M &#272;I&#7872;U TH&#7920;C S&#7920; &#272;ANG X&#7842;Y RA</h2><p>Sau t&#225;m t&#7847;ng ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#8212; t&#7915; d&#7919; li&#7879;u TIC, c&#225;c trung t&#226;m l&#432;u k&#253; ch&#226;u &#194;u, Agency securities, state banks, c&#225;n c&#226;n thanh to&#225;n, PBOC swap lines, &#273;&#7871;n b&#224;i to&#225;n cung&#8211;c&#7847;u c&#7911;a Treasury market &#8212; c&#243; th&#7875; r&#250;t ra n&#259;m k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n trung t&#226;m.</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><h3>&#272;i&#7873;u 1 &#8212; Con s&#7889; 652 t&#7927; USD kh&#244;ng sai, nh&#432;ng qu&#225; h&#7865;p</h3></div><p>Con s&#7889; <strong>652 t&#7927; USD</strong> th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tr&#237;ch d&#7851;n ch&#7881; &#273;o m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n r&#7845;t h&#7865;p: l&#432;&#7907;ng <strong>Treasuries &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p d&#432;&#7899;i t&#234;n China, Mainland trong TIC</strong>.</p><p>N&#7871;u &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh th&#234;m ph&#7847;n Treasuries c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; qua c&#225;c custodians ch&#226;u &#194;u, con s&#7889; Treasury th&#7921;c t&#7871; c&#243; th&#7875; g&#7847;n h&#417;n v&#249;ng <strong>750&#8211;850 t&#7927; USD</strong>.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u m&#7903; r&#7897;ng sang to&#224;n b&#7897; <strong>official/reserve-related U.S. holdings</strong> &#8212; g&#7891;m Treasuries, Agencies, T-bills, ti&#7873;n g&#7917;i ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n, corporate bonds/equities v&#224; c&#225;c t&#224;i s&#7843;n li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n SAFE &#8212; quy m&#244; h&#7907;p l&#253; c&#243; th&#7875; n&#7857;m trong v&#249;ng <strong>1,350&#8211;1,850 t&#7927; USD</strong>.</p><p>N&#7871;u &#273;i xa h&#417;n n&#7919;a, t&#237;nh c&#7843; <strong>CIC, state banks, SAFE vehicles v&#224; Hong Kong Exchange Fund</strong> trong m&#7897;t ph&#7841;m vi <strong>state-linked dollar exposure</strong> r&#7897;ng h&#417;n, con s&#7889; c&#243; th&#7875; v&#432;&#7907;t <strong>2,000 t&#7927; USD</strong>.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, c&#226;u h&#7887;i kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#242;n gi&#7919; 652 t&#7927; USD hay 2,000 t&#7927; USD?</p></blockquote><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#250;ng h&#417;n l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p>Ta &#273;ang &#273;o ph&#7841;m vi n&#224;o &#8212; Treasuries tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p, t&#224;i s&#7843;n li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n d&#7921; tr&#7919;, hay to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i t&#224;i ch&#237;nh nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c g&#7855;n v&#7899;i USD?</p></blockquote><p>N&#7871;u kh&#244;ng t&#225;ch ba ph&#7841;m vi n&#224;y, m&#7885;i tranh lu&#7853;n v&#7873; &#8220;China dumping Treasuries&#8221; r&#7845;t d&#7877; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c n&#243;i chuy&#7879;n sai m&#7851;u s&#7889;.</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><h3>&#272;i&#7873;u 2 &#8212; &#272;&#226;y l&#224; chuy&#7875;n d&#7883;ch n&#417;i l&#432;u k&#253;, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i r&#7901;i b&#7887; &#273;&#244; la</h3></div><p>&#272;i&#7875;m m&#7845;u ch&#7889;t c&#7911;a to&#224;n b&#7897; b&#224;i n&#7857;m &#7903; s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t gi&#7919;a <strong>currency exposure</strong> v&#224; <strong>custody exposure</strong>.</p><p><strong>Currency exposure</strong> l&#224; c&#226;u h&#7887;i: Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#242;n ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c bao nhi&#234;u v&#224;o t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#7883;nh danh b&#7857;ng USD?</p><p><strong>Custody exposure</strong> l&#224; c&#226;u h&#7887;i: bao nhi&#234;u trong s&#7889; &#273;&#243; &#273;ang n&#7857;m &#7903; nh&#7919;ng n&#417;i M&#7929; c&#243; th&#7875; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p qua h&#7879; th&#7889;ng TIC?</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;ang gi&#7843;m r&#245; nh&#7845;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t l&#224; <strong>t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD</strong>, m&#224; l&#224; ph&#7847;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD n&#7857;m trong c&#225;c k&#234;nh l&#432;u k&#253; d&#7877; quan s&#225;t c&#7911;a M&#7929;. T&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#243; th&#7875; chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; New York sang Brussels, Luxembourg, Paris, London, Toronto ho&#7863;c Hong Kong. N&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; Treasuries d&#224;i h&#7841;n sang T-bills, Agencies, ti&#7873;n g&#7917;i, ho&#7863;c b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i c&#7911;a state banks.</p><p>V&#7873; m&#7863;t headline, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y tr&#244;ng gi&#7889;ng nh&#432;:</p><blockquote><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang r&#250;t kh&#7887;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929;.</p></blockquote><p>Nh&#432;ng v&#7873; m&#7863;t c&#7845;u tr&#250;c, n&#243; gi&#7889;ng h&#417;n v&#7899;i:</p><blockquote><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang l&#224;m t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD c&#7911;a m&#236;nh ph&#226;n t&#225;n h&#417;n, ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n h&#417;n, kh&#243; b&#7883; &#273;&#243;ng b&#259;ng h&#417;n, v&#224; kh&#243; b&#7883; &#273;&#7885;c tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p h&#417;n.</p></blockquote><p>&#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i <strong>de-dollarization</strong> theo ngh&#297;a c&#7893; &#273;i&#7875;n. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>de-visible-dollarization</strong>.</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><h3>&#272;i&#7873;u 3 &#8212; C&#244;ng c&#7909; thay th&#7871; c&#7911;a Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#7851;n ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#225;ng tin</h3></div><p>N&#7871;u Trung Qu&#7889;c th&#7853;t s&#7921; mu&#7889;n gi&#7843;m ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#244; la, h&#7885; c&#7847;n nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n vi&#7879;c chuy&#7875;n custodian. H&#7885; c&#7847;n m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng thanh kho&#7843;n thay th&#7871; &#273;&#7911; s&#226;u, &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#225;ng tin, v&#224; &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n.</p><p>PBOC swap lines l&#224; n&#7895; l&#7921;c l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t theo h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;&#243;. V&#7873; quy m&#244;, m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i n&#224;y kh&#244;ng nh&#7887;. Nh&#432;ng b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng th&#7921;c nghi&#7879;m cho th&#7845;y th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7851;n ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t r&#7845;t r&#245; gi&#7919;a <strong>Fed swap lines</strong> v&#224; <strong>PBOC swap lines</strong>.</p><p>Fed cung c&#7845;p th&#7913; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7847;n nh&#7845;t trong kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng: <strong>thanh kho&#7843;n &#273;&#244; la</strong>. PBOC cung c&#7845;p th&#7913; Trung Qu&#7889;c mu&#7889;n qu&#7889;c t&#7871; h&#243;a: <strong>thanh kho&#7843;n nh&#226;n d&#226;n t&#7879;</strong>. Hai th&#7913; n&#224;y ch&#432;a t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng.</p><p>V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&#7857;m &#7903; ba &#273;i&#7875;m: kh&#7843; n&#259;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i RMB sang USD ch&#432;a ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n, &#273;i&#7873;u kho&#7843;n swap thi&#7871;u minh b&#7841;ch, v&#224; PBOC swaps th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7855;n v&#7899;i m&#7909;c ti&#234;u chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c h&#417;n l&#224; vai tr&#242; backstop trung l&#7853;p.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, ngh&#7883;ch l&#253; c&#7911;a de-dollarization n&#7857;m &#7903; &#273;&#226;y:</p><blockquote><p>B&#7855;c Kinh mu&#7889;n gi&#7843;m ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o &#273;&#244; la, nh&#432;ng trong kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng th&#7853;t s&#7921;, th&#7871; gi&#7899;i v&#7851;n c&#7847;n thanh kho&#7843;n &#273;&#244; la &#8212; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i thanh kho&#7843;n nh&#226;n d&#226;n t&#7879;.</p></blockquote><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><h3>&#272;i&#7873;u 4 &#8212; &#8220;B&#225;n th&#225;o&#8221; l&#224; m&#244; t&#7843; qu&#225; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n</h3></div><p>Chu&#7895;i TIC 2025&#8211;2026 kh&#244;ng cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7859;ng &#8220;Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang b&#225;n th&#225;o Treasuries&#8221;.</p><p>D&#7919; li&#7879;u cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t b&#7913;c tranh ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n: c&#243; th&#225;ng gi&#7843;m m&#7841;nh, c&#243; giai &#273;o&#7841;n g&#7847;n nh&#432; &#273;i ngang, c&#243; th&#225;ng mua r&#242;ng, v&#224; c&#243; c&#250; gi&#7843;m l&#7899;n trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng.</p><p>C&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c h&#7907;p l&#253; h&#417;n l&#224;: <strong>t&#225;i c&#417; c&#7845;u danh m&#7909;c + chuy&#7875;n d&#7883;ch n&#417;i l&#432;u k&#253; + qu&#7843;n l&#253; thanh kho&#7843;n</strong>.</p><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;ang gi&#7843;m t&#7927; tr&#7885;ng <strong>long-term Treasuries</strong> tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p trong U.S. custodians. Nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng c&#243; ngh&#297;a h&#7885; &#273;ang r&#7901;i kh&#7887;i h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i USD. M&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#243; th&#7875; chuy&#7875;n sang T-bills. M&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#243; th&#7875; n&#7857;m trong Agencies. M&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;i qua custodians n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i. M&#7897;t ph&#7847;n kh&#225;c c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7845;p th&#7909; b&#7903;i state banks ho&#7863;c c&#225;c t&#224;i kho&#7843;n offshore.</p><p>N&#243;i ng&#7855;n g&#7885;n:</p><blockquote><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t &#273;ang b&#225;n s&#7841;ch t&#224;i s&#7843;n M&#7929;. H&#7885; &#273;ang t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#225;ch n&#7855;m gi&#7919; t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD.</p></blockquote><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><h3>&#272;i&#7873;u 5 &#8212; R&#7911;i ro th&#7853;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i c&#250; dump, m&#224; l&#224; s&#7921; r&#250;t lui &#226;m th&#7847;m kh&#7887;i vai tr&#242; ng&#432;&#7901;i mua bi&#234;n</h3></div><p>R&#7911;i ro l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7897;t bu&#7893;i s&#225;ng Trung Qu&#7889;c th&#7913;c d&#7853;y v&#224; b&#225;n to&#224;n b&#7897; Treasuries.</p><p>R&#7911;i ro l&#7899;n h&#417;n, &#226;m th&#7847;m h&#417;n, v&#224; th&#7921;c t&#7871; h&#417;n l&#224;: Trung Qu&#7889;c <strong>mua &#237;t h&#417;n</strong>, <strong>t&#225;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; &#237;t h&#417;n v&#224;o k&#7923; h&#7841;n d&#224;i</strong>, v&#224; <strong>&#237;t xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n h&#417;n trong ph&#7847;n c&#7847;u m&#224; Treasury market t&#7915;ng quen d&#7921;a v&#224;o</strong>.</p><p>M&#7929; v&#7851;n ph&#7843;i ph&#225;t h&#224;nh kho&#7843;ng <strong>1.5&#8211;2.0 ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD Treasuries m&#7899;i m&#7895;i n&#259;m</strong> trong v&#224;i n&#259;m t&#7899;i. N&#7871;u c&#225;c ch&#7911; n&#7907; l&#7899;n nh&#432; Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#224; Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n gi&#7843;m d&#7847;n vai tr&#242; trong vi&#7879;c h&#7845;p th&#7909; l&#432;&#7907;ng ph&#225;t h&#224;nh m&#7899;i, ph&#7847;n thi&#7871;u h&#7909;t ph&#7843;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chuy&#7875;n sang nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; kh&#225;c: qu&#7929; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u, qu&#7929; h&#432;u tr&#237;, c&#244;ng ty b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m, ng&#226;n h&#224;ng, ho&#7863;c nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a M&#7929;.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i mua n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m v&#7899;i l&#7907;i su&#7845;t h&#417;n. H&#7885; s&#7869; y&#234;u c&#7847;u m&#7913;c b&#249; r&#7911;i ro cao h&#417;n &#273;&#7875; h&#7845;p th&#7909; th&#234;m duration. Khi &#273;&#243;, <strong>term premium</strong> c&#243; th&#7875; t&#259;ng, v&#224; l&#227;i su&#7845;t d&#224;i h&#7841;n M&#7929; c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c &#273;i l&#234;n ngay c&#7843; khi Fed kh&#244;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#227;i su&#7845;t ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y m&#7899;i l&#224; k&#234;nh truy&#7873;n d&#7851;n th&#7853;t t&#7915; h&#224;nh vi c&#7911;a foreign holders sang chi ph&#237; &#273;i vay c&#7911;a M&#7929;.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng &#7891;n &#224;o.<br>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#361; kh&#237; h&#7841;t nh&#226;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.<br>Kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#250; s&#7889;c &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;.</p><p>Ch&#7881; l&#224; b&#224;i to&#225;n s&#7889; h&#7885;c c&#7911;a cung v&#224; c&#7847;u:</p><blockquote><p>N&#7871;u ng&#432;&#7901;i mua bi&#234;n c&#361; mua &#237;t h&#417;n, ng&#432;&#7901;i mua m&#7899;i s&#7869; &#273;&#242;i l&#7907;i su&#7845;t cao h&#417;n.</p></blockquote><div><hr></div><h3>C&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i ng&#7855;n g&#7885;n nh&#7845;t</h3><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c kh&#244;ng b&#225;n s&#7841;ch Treasuries.<br>Trung Qu&#7889;c c&#361;ng ch&#432;a th&#7853;t s&#7921; r&#7901;i b&#7887; &#273;&#244; la.<br>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang l&#224;m m&#7897;t vi&#7879;c tinh vi h&#417;n: <strong>t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#225;ch n&#7855;m gi&#7919; t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD &#273;&#7875; ch&#250;ng &#237;t visible h&#417;n, linh ho&#7841;t h&#417;n v&#7873; k&#7923; h&#7841;n, ph&#226;n t&#225;n h&#417;n v&#7873; n&#417;i l&#432;u k&#253;, v&#224; &#237;t ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c h&#417;n v&#224;o h&#7879; th&#7889;ng custody c&#7911;a M&#7929;.</strong></p><p>Con s&#7889; <strong>652 t&#7927; USD</strong> ch&#7881; l&#224; ph&#7847;n Treasuries tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#236;n th&#7845;y trong TIC. B&#7913;c tranh r&#7897;ng h&#417;n cho th&#7845;y Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#7851;n c&#242;n g&#7855;n r&#7845;t s&#226;u v&#7899;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n USD &#8212; c&#243; th&#7875; kho&#7843;ng <strong>1,350&#8211;1,850 t&#7927; USD</strong> trong ph&#7841;m vi official/reserve-related U.S. holdings, v&#224; tr&#234;n <strong>2,000 t&#7927; USD</strong> n&#7871;u t&#237;nh to&#224;n b&#7897; state-linked dollar exposure.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, headline &#273;&#250;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang b&#225;n th&#225;o Treasuries v&#224; r&#7901;i b&#7887; &#273;&#244; la.</p></blockquote><p>Headline &#273;&#250;ng h&#417;n l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p>Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#7851;n &#7903; trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#244; la, nh&#432;ng &#273;ang h&#7885;c c&#225;ch &#273;i trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#243; b&#7857;ng nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#7889;ng kh&#243; nh&#236;n h&#417;n.</p></blockquote><p>R&#7911;i ro th&#7853;t v&#236; v&#7853;y kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; m&#7897;t c&#250; b&#225;n th&#225;o k&#7883;ch t&#237;nh. R&#7911;i ro n&#7857;m &#7903; s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i ch&#7853;m h&#417;n nh&#432;ng s&#226;u h&#417;n: <strong>ng&#432;&#7901;i mua bi&#234;n c&#361; &#273;ang l&#249;i d&#7847;n kh&#7887;i s&#226;n kh&#7845;u, &#273;&#250;ng l&#250;c th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng Treasury c&#7847;n th&#234;m ng&#432;&#7901;i mua h&#417;n bao gi&#7901; h&#7871;t.</strong></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[China Shock 2.0: Từ Xe Điện Đến Trật Tự Công Nghiệp Mới]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#8220;The factory of the world is now competing with the world&#8217;s factories &#8212; and winning in ways that were never supposed to be possible.&#8221; &#8212; Michael Pettis, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/p/china-shock-20-tu-xe-ien-en-trat</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://viethustler.substack.com/p/china-shock-20-tu-xe-ien-en-trat</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Tran]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 17 May 2026 16:33:54 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MJoT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8d077dfd-229a-4615-9896-ea0b7cceb381_1448x1086.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3><strong>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n b&#7887; l&#7905; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t hay nh&#7845;t g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y:</strong></h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tai-sao-cac-quoc-gia-dan-roi-bo-opec">T&#7841;i Sao C&#225;c Qu&#7889;c Gia D&#7847;n R&#7901;i B&#7887; OPEC?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/hormuz-blockade-mot-cu-soc-hai-cuoc">Hormuz Blockade: M&#7897;t C&#250; S&#7889;c, Hai Cu&#7897;c T&#225;i C&#7845;u Tr&#250;c</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/dau-tren-100-yen-nhat-ve-au">D&#7847;u Tr&#234;n $100, Yen Nh&#7853;t V&#7873; &#272;&#226;u?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tai-sao-uae-lai-xin-swap-line-cua">T&#7840;I SAO UAE L&#7840;I XIN SWAP LINE C&#7910;A M&#7928;?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/trien-vong-kinh-te-canada-2026">Tri&#7875;n V&#7885;ng Kinh T&#7871; Canada 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/private-credit-khong-phai-2008-nhung">Private Credit: Kh&#244;ng Ph&#7843;i 2008 - Nh&#432;ng Nguy Hi&#7875;m Nh&#7845;t T&#7915; 2008</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/nuoc-anh-thieu-au-tu-la-thu-pha-huy">N&#432;&#7899;c Anh: Thi&#7871;u &#272;&#7847;u T&#432; L&#224; Th&#7913; Ph&#225; H&#7911;y N&#7873;n Kinh T&#7871;?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tap-chi-pho-wall-gioi-thieu-dich">T&#7841;p Ch&#237; Ph&#7889; &#8230;</a></p></li></ul>
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Nh&#432;ng trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng kinh t&#7871; to&#224;n c&#7847;u, Hormuz kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t &#273;&#7883;a danh. N&#243; l&#224; van &#225;p su&#7845;t c&#7911;a n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i. Khi van &#273;&#243; m&#7903;, d&#7847;u ch&#7843;y, h&#224;ng h&#243;a ch&#7843;y, l&#7841;m ph&#225;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ki&#7875;m so&#225;t, v&#224; c&#225;c ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh r&#7857;ng chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u v&#7851;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh nh&#432; th&#432;&#7901;ng l&#7879;. Khi van &#273;&#243; b&#7883; si&#7871;t l&#7841;i, m&#7885;i th&#7913; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#225;i &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225;: gi&#225; d&#7847;u, t&#7927; gi&#225;, chi ph&#237; v&#7853;n t&#7843;i, k&#7923; v&#7885;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t, ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879;, v&#224; c&#7843; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7911;a doanh nghi&#7879;p v&#7873; vi&#7879;c n&#234;n &#273;&#7863;t nh&#224; m&#225;y &#7903; &#273;&#226;u.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V_nk!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5196d7b6-aaaa-406e-b5bb-e9bbd0b80d5a_1440x810.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V_nk!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5196d7b6-aaaa-406e-b5bb-e9bbd0b80d5a_1440x810.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V_nk!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5196d7b6-aaaa-406e-b5bb-e9bbd0b80d5a_1440x810.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V_nk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5196d7b6-aaaa-406e-b5bb-e9bbd0b80d5a_1440x810.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V_nk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5196d7b6-aaaa-406e-b5bb-e9bbd0b80d5a_1440x810.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V_nk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5196d7b6-aaaa-406e-b5bb-e9bbd0b80d5a_1440x810.webp" width="1440" height="810" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5196d7b6-aaaa-406e-b5bb-e9bbd0b80d5a_1440x810.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:810,&quot;width&quot;:1440,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Military briefing: how Iran could wage a new 'tanker war'&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Military briefing: how Iran could wage a new 'tanker war'" title="Military briefing: how Iran could wage a new 'tanker war'" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V_nk!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5196d7b6-aaaa-406e-b5bb-e9bbd0b80d5a_1440x810.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V_nk!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5196d7b6-aaaa-406e-b5bb-e9bbd0b80d5a_1440x810.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V_nk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5196d7b6-aaaa-406e-b5bb-e9bbd0b80d5a_1440x810.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V_nk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5196d7b6-aaaa-406e-b5bb-e9bbd0b80d5a_1440x810.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Tu&#7847;n n&#224;y, c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n l&#7899;n kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; li&#7879;u blockade Hormuz c&#243; &#8220;th&#224;nh c&#244;ng&#8221; hay kh&#244;ng.</p><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n l&#224;: &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; x&#7843;y ra khi c&#249;ng m&#7897;t c&#250; s&#7889;c &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; v&#7915;a b&#243;p ngh&#7865;t m&#7897;t &#273;&#7889;i th&#7911; chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c, v&#7915;a t&#7841;o ra l&#253; do kinh t&#7871; v&#224; ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; &#273;&#7875; M&#7929; &#273;&#7849;y nhanh qu&#225; tr&#236;nh t&#225;i c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p h&#243;a trong n&#432;&#7899;c?</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m khi&#7871;n Hormuz 2026 kh&#225;c v&#7899;i nhi&#7873;u c&#250; s&#7889;c d&#7847;u tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243;.</p><p>N&#7871;u c&#250; s&#7889;c d&#7847;u th&#7853;p ni&#234;n 1970 l&#224; l&#7901;i nh&#7855;c r&#7857;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng T&#226;y ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o Trung &#272;&#244;ng nhi&#7873;u &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c n&#224;o, th&#236; c&#250; s&#7889;c Hormuz l&#7847;n n&#224;y &#273;ang &#273;&#7863;t ra m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i kh&#225;c: li&#7879;u M&#7929; c&#243; th&#7875; bi&#7871;n s&#7921; mong manh c&#7911;a chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u th&#224;nh m&#7897;t lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m cho quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a hay kh&#244;ng?</p><p>&#7902; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7847;u c&#7911;a b&#224;n c&#7901; l&#224; Iran.</p><p>M&#7897;t n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; v&#7889;n &#273;&#227; b&#7883; b&#224;o m&#242;n b&#7903;i sanctions, l&#7841;m ph&#225;t, &#273;&#7891;ng Rial suy y&#7871;u v&#224; ni&#7873;m tin x&#227; h&#7897;i c&#7841;n ki&#7879;t, nay &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t v&#7899;i m&#7897;t h&#236;nh th&#7913;c s&#7913;c &#233;p kh&#225;c h&#7859;n: kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; c&#7845;m v&#7853;n tr&#234;n gi&#7845;y, m&#224; l&#224; blockade h&#7843;i qu&#226;n tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p t&#7841;i &#273;i&#7875;m th&#7855;t v&#7853;t l&#253; c&#7911;a xu&#7845;t kh&#7849;u d&#7847;u. Khi d&#7847;u kh&#244;ng th&#7875; r&#7901;i c&#7843;ng, doanh thu kh&#244;ng v&#7873; ng&#226;n s&#225;ch. Khi kho ch&#7913;a &#273;&#7847;y, gi&#7871;ng d&#7847;u ph&#7843;i &#273;&#243;ng. Khi Rial r&#417;i, ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#226;n v&#224; doanh nghi&#7879;p ch&#7841;y kh&#7887;i n&#7897;i t&#7879; tr&#432;&#7899;c c&#7843; khi ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; k&#7883;p c&#244;ng b&#7889; s&#7889; li&#7879;u m&#7899;i. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c chi&#7871;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh, nh&#432;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c thi b&#7857;ng t&#224;u chi&#7871;n.</p><p>&#7902; &#273;&#7847;u c&#242;n l&#7841;i l&#224; M&#7929;.</p><p>M&#7897;t n&#7873;n s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t &#273;&#227; tr&#7843;i qua h&#417;n hai n&#259;m co r&#250;t, nay b&#7845;t ng&#7901; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y m&#7897;t m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#225;c: d&#7847;u Trung &#272;&#244;ng &#273;&#7855;t h&#417;n, v&#7853;n t&#7843;i to&#224;n c&#7847;u r&#7911;i ro h&#417;n, chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng ch&#226;u &#193; k&#233;m ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n h&#417;n, v&#224; logic &#8220;s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t xa &#8212; v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n r&#7867; &#8212; t&#7891;n kho th&#7845;p&#8221; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n hi&#7875;n nhi&#234;n nh&#432; tr&#432;&#7899;c. Trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh &#273;&#243;, reshoring kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; c&#242;n l&#224; kh&#7849;u hi&#7879;u ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;. N&#243; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t ph&#233;p t&#237;nh chi ph&#237; m&#7899;i: n&#7871;u th&#7871; gi&#7899;i d&#7877; b&#7883; kh&#243;a l&#7841;i &#7903; m&#7897;t eo bi&#7875;n, th&#236; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t g&#7847;n nh&#224; h&#417;n kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; l&#227;ng ph&#237;, m&#224; l&#224; b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng ch&#237;nh &#7903; &#273;&#226;y, b&#224;i to&#225;n tr&#7903; n&#234;n ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p.</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p style="text-align: center;">Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i c&#7913; Iran ch&#7883;u &#273;au l&#224; Tehran s&#7869; nh&#432;&#7907;ng b&#7897;.<br>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i c&#7913; PMI s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t t&#259;ng l&#224; M&#7929; &#273;&#227; th&#7853;t s&#7921; t&#225;i c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p h&#243;a.<br>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i c&#7913; d&#7847;u cao l&#224; nh&#224; m&#225;y M&#7929; s&#7869; h&#7891;i sinh b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng.</p></div><p>B&#234;n d&#432;&#7899;i headline t&#237;ch c&#7921;c c&#7911;a manufacturing l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#7843;nh b&#225;o kh&#243; b&#7887; qua: chi ph&#237; &#273;&#7847;u v&#224;o &#273;ang t&#259;ng r&#7845;t m&#7841;nh, employment s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t v&#7851;n y&#7871;u, v&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n nhu c&#7847;u m&#7899;i c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7881; l&#224; doanh nghi&#7879;p mua tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#7875; tr&#225;nh gi&#225; t&#259;ng th&#234;m. N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, th&#7913; &#273;ang di&#7877;n ra kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t &#8220;c&#250; b&#249;ng n&#7893;&#8221; s&#7841;ch s&#7869;. N&#243; gi&#7889;ng h&#417;n m&#7897;t d&#7841;ng t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng b&#7883; b&#243;p m&#233;o b&#7903;i chi&#7871;n tranh: c&#243; &#273;&#417;n h&#224;ng, c&#243; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;, c&#243; &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; - nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng c&#243; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t, &#273;&#7913;t g&#227;y v&#224; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u c&#226;u h&#7887;i v&#7873; t&#237;nh b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, c&#226;u h&#7887;i c&#7911;a tu&#7847;n n&#224;y kh&#244;ng &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224;: Hormuz blockade &#273;ang l&#224;m g&#236; v&#7899;i gi&#225; d&#7847;u?</p><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#250;ng h&#417;n l&#224;:</p><p>Hormuz blockade &#273;ang t&#7841;o ra hai chuy&#7875;n d&#7883;ch c&#7845;u tr&#250;c song song &#8212; m&#7897;t b&#234;n l&#224; s&#7913;c &#233;p kinh t&#7871; t&#237;ch l&#361;y l&#234;n Iran, m&#7897;t b&#234;n l&#224; c&#250; h&#237;ch m&#7899;i cho s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t M&#7929; &#8212; theo nh&#7919;ng c&#417; ch&#7871; n&#224;o? V&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; s&#7869; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh li&#7879;u hai chuy&#7875;n d&#7883;ch &#273;&#243; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh xu h&#432;&#7899;ng b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng, hay ch&#7881; l&#224; d&#432; ch&#7845;n t&#7841;m th&#7901;i c&#7911;a m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;?</p><p>&#272;&#7875; tr&#7843; l&#7901;i, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7869; &#273;i qua b&#7889;n ph&#7847;n:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n I &#8212; Blockade &#273;ang l&#224;m g&#236; v&#7899;i Iran:</strong> quy m&#244;, ba k&#234;nh truy&#7873;n d&#7851;n, v&#224; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n c&#7911;a s&#7913;c &#233;p.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n II &#8212; Supply shock d&#7847;u:</strong> ai &#273;ang &#273;au, ai &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#7907;i, v&#224; t&#7841;i sao volatility th&#7845;p h&#417;n k&#7923; v&#7885;ng.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n III &#8212; C&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i M&#297;:</strong> t&#237;n hi&#7879;u h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c, c&#7843;nh b&#225;o stagflation, v&#224; c&#226;u h&#7887;i li&#7879;u &#273;&#226;y l&#224; revival th&#7853;t hay ch&#7881; l&#224; c&#250; b&#7853;t ph&#242;ng th&#7911;.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n IV &#8212; Ba k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n cho ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i c&#7911;a n&#259;m 2026:</strong> th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n, b&#7871; t&#7855;c k&#233;o d&#224;i, ho&#7863;c leo thang ngo&#224;i ki&#7875;m so&#225;t.</p></li></ul><p>Hormuz, v&#236; v&#7853;y, kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; m&#7897;t eo bi&#7875;n.</p><p>N&#243; l&#224; n&#417;i th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#273;ang nh&#236;n th&#7845;y m&#7897;t s&#7921; th&#7853;t c&#361; quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i d&#432;&#7899;i h&#236;nh th&#7913;c m&#7899;i: quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; n&#7857;m &#7903; ai ki&#7875;m so&#225;t ti&#7873;n, c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; hay qu&#226;n &#273;&#7897;i &#8212; m&#224; c&#242;n &#7903; ai ki&#7875;m so&#225;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7875;m ngh&#7869;n c&#7911;a d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p><p>V&#224; trong n&#259;m 2026, &#273;i&#7875;m ngh&#7869;n &#273;&#243; &#273;ang n&#7889;i th&#7859;ng t&#7915; V&#7883;nh Ba T&#432; &#273;&#7871;n Rust Belt.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Viet Hustler is a reader-supported publication. 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          </a>
      </p>
   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Dầu Trên $100, Yen Nhật Về Đâu?]]></title><description><![CDATA[BOJ C&#243; Th&#7875; B&#7843;o V&#7879; &#272;&#7891;ng Yen Trong Bao L&#226;u?]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/p/dau-tren-100-yen-nhat-ve-au</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://viethustler.substack.com/p/dau-tren-100-yen-nhat-ve-au</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Tran]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 03 May 2026 18:07:02 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SxII!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F294e7ed9-7c19-4b35-b071-dd0717309228_2000x1333.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n b&#7887; l&#7905; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t hay nh&#7845;t g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y:</h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/cuoc-ua-ai-capex-700-ty-ai-ang-kiem">Cu&#7897;c &#272;ua AI Capex $700 T&#7927;: Ai &#272;ang Ki&#7871;m Ti&#7873;n, Ai &#272;ang &#272;&#7889;t Ti&#7873;n?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tai-sao-uae-lai-xin-swap-line-cua">T&#7840;I SAO UAE L&#7840;I XIN SWAP LINE C&#7910;A M&#7928;?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/hang-khong-my-q12026-ban-het-ve-nhung">H&#224;ng Kh&#244;ng M&#7929; Q1/2026: B&#225;n H&#7871;t V&#233;, Nh&#432;ng M&#7845;t H&#7871;t L&#227;i</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/trien-vong-kinh-te-canada-2026">Tri&#7875;n V&#7885;ng Kinh T&#7871; Canada 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ngan-hang-my-q12026-khoi-au-chu-ky">Ng&#226;n H&#224;ng M&#7929; Q1/2026: Kh&#7903;i &#272;&#7847;u Chu K&#7923; M&#7899;i</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/private-credit-khong-phai-2008-nhung">Private Credit: Kh&#244;ng Ph&#7843;i 2008 - Nh&#432;ng Nguy Hi&#7875;m Nh&#7845;t T&#7915; 2008</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/nuoc-anh-thieu-au-tu-la-thu-pha-huy">N&#432;&#7899;c Anh: Thi&#7871;u &#272;&#7847;u T&#432; L&#224; Th&#7913; Ph&#225; H&#7911;y N&#7873;n Kinh T&#7871;?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/kinh-te-phap-ngheo-vi-luong-huu">Kinh T&#7871; Ph&#225;p: Ngh&#232;o V&#236; L&#432;&#417;ng H&#432;u?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/san-xuat-co-ang-quay-lai-ve-my">S&#7843;n Xu&#7845;t C&#243; &#272;ang Quay L&#7841;i V&#7873; M&#7929;?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tap-chi-pho-wall-gioi-thieu-dich">T&#7841;p Ch&#237; Ph&#7889; Wall - Gi&#7899;i Thi&#7879;u D&#7883;ch V&#7909; M&#7899;i</a></p></li></ul><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p>*MIMURA: THIS IS MY FINAL WARNING BEFORE ACTION</p><div><hr></div><p> Ph&#243; B&#7897; Tr&#432;&#7903;ng T&#224;i Ch&#237;nh Nh&#7853;t Mimura ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u h&#244;m 30/4</p></div><p>C&#243; nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u h&#7887;i m&#224; khi nghe l&#7847;n &#273;&#7847;u, ta t&#432;&#7903;ng nh&#432; &#273;&#227; bi&#7871;t c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i, nh&#432;ng c&#224;ng &#273;i s&#226;u v&#224;o t&#7915;ng l&#7899;p d&#7919; ki&#7879;n, t&#7915;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; t&#7915;ng gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch, ta c&#224;ng nh&#7853;n ra r&#7857;ng c&#226;u h&#7887;i ban &#273;&#7847;u ch&#7881; l&#224; ph&#7847;n n&#7893;i nh&#7887; nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a m&#7897;t c&#7845;u tr&#250;c ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u.</p><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i tu&#7847;n n&#224;y l&#224;: Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng Trung &#432;&#417;ng Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n v&#224; B&#7897; T&#224;i ch&#237;nh Nh&#7853;t c&#243; b&#7843;o v&#7879; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7889;c 160 c&#7911;a USD/JPY n&#7871;u d&#7847;u ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c n&#7857;m tr&#234;n 100 USD trong ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i c&#7911;a n&#259;m 2026 kh&#244;ng?</p><p>N&#7871;u nh&#236;n tho&#225;ng qua, &#273;&#226;y c&#243; v&#7867; l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i kh&#225; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n v&#7873; can thi&#7879;p ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i. Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n &#273;ang n&#7855;m trong tay h&#417;n 1.4 ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i, &#273;&#227; nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;n b&#225;n &#273;&#244; la &#273;&#7875; mua y&#234;n trong c&#225;c giai &#273;o&#7841;n c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng t&#7915; n&#259;m 2022 &#273;&#7871;n 2024, v&#224; trong th&#225;ng 4/2026, Tokyo m&#7897;t l&#7847;n n&#7919;a cho th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7845;y r&#7857;ng h&#7885; kh&#244;ng ho&#224;n to&#224;n b&#7845;t l&#7921;c khi USD/JPY ti&#7871;n s&#225;t v&#249;ng 160. C&#250; &#273;&#7843;o chi&#7873;u trong ng&#224;y 30/4 r&#7845;t m&#7841;nh: t&#7927; gi&#225; ch&#7841;m 160,73 r&#7891;i r&#417;i h&#417;n 400 pips, d&#7847;u Brent c&#361;ng gi&#7843;m s&#226;u trong c&#249;ng khung gi&#7901;, v&#224; g&#7847;n nh&#432; c&#249;ng l&#250;c &#273;&#243;, Th&#7911; t&#432;&#7899;ng Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n c&#243; cu&#7897;c &#273;i&#7879;n &#273;&#224;m tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p v&#7899;i T&#7893;ng th&#7889;ng Iran.</p><p>Nh&#236;n tr&#234;n b&#7873; m&#7863;t, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#243; th&#7875; k&#7875; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n n&#224;y b&#7857;ng m&#7897;t logic kh&#225; g&#7885;n: &#273;&#7891;ng y&#234;n y&#7871;u qu&#225; nhanh, d&#7847;u t&#259;ng qu&#225; m&#7841;nh, c&#225;c v&#7883; th&#7871; short yen tr&#7903; n&#234;n qu&#225; &#273;&#244;ng, v&#224; Tokyo bu&#7897;c ph&#7843;i can thi&#7879;p &#273;&#7875; bu&#7897;c nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;ang &#273;&#7863;t c&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t chi&#7873;u ph&#7843;i tr&#7843; gi&#225;. Theo c&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#243;, m&#7889;c 160 kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7905;ng k&#7929; thu&#7853;t tr&#234;n m&#224;n h&#236;nh giao d&#7883;ch, m&#224; &#273;&#227; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t l&#7857;n ranh ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;, n&#417;i B&#7897; T&#224;i ch&#237;nh Nh&#7853;t ph&#7843;i ch&#7913;ng minh r&#7857;ng h&#7885; v&#7851;n c&#243; th&#7875; khi&#7871;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;au n&#7871;u &#273;&#7891;ng y&#234;n b&#7883; b&#225;n th&#225;o qu&#225; m&#7913;c.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SxII!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F294e7ed9-7c19-4b35-b071-dd0717309228_2000x1333.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SxII!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F294e7ed9-7c19-4b35-b071-dd0717309228_2000x1333.webp" width="1456" height="970" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/294e7ed9-7c19-4b35-b071-dd0717309228_2000x1333.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:970,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SxII!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F294e7ed9-7c19-4b35-b071-dd0717309228_2000x1333.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SxII!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F294e7ed9-7c19-4b35-b071-dd0717309228_2000x1333.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SxII!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F294e7ed9-7c19-4b35-b071-dd0717309228_2000x1333.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SxII!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F294e7ed9-7c19-4b35-b071-dd0717309228_2000x1333.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Nh&#432;ng v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; c&#7911;a Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n n&#259;m 2026 kh&#244;ng d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i &#7903; c&#226;u h&#7887;i li&#7879;u Tokyo c&#243; th&#7875; can thi&#7879;p hay kh&#244;ng. H&#7885; c&#243; th&#7875; can thi&#7879;p, v&#224; c&#250; &#273;&#225;nh cu&#7889;i th&#225;ng 4 &#273;&#227; ch&#7913;ng minh &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243;. V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&#243; h&#417;n l&#224; can thi&#7879;p c&#243; th&#7875; mua &#273;&#432;&#7907;c bao nhi&#234;u th&#7901;i gian tr&#432;&#7899;c khi c&#225;c l&#7921;c k&#233;o n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng &#8212; ch&#234;nh l&#7879;ch l&#227;i su&#7845;t M&#7929;&#8211;Nh&#7853;t, h&#243;a &#273;&#417;n nh&#7853;p kh&#7849;u d&#7847;u ph&#236;nh to, v&#224; &#225;p l&#7921;c t&#7915; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; Nh&#7853;t &#8212; k&#233;o &#273;&#7891;ng y&#234;n quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i &#273;&#250;ng n&#417;i m&#224; n&#243; v&#7915;a b&#7883; &#273;&#7849;y ra.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m khi&#7871;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng chia th&#224;nh hai c&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c g&#7847;n nh&#432; &#273;&#7889;i l&#7853;p. M&#7897;t b&#234;n tin r&#7857;ng Tokyo c&#243; &#273;&#7911; h&#7887;a l&#7921;c &#273;&#7875; d&#7921;ng m&#7897;t v&#249;ng ph&#242;ng th&#7911; quanh m&#7889;c 160, b&#7903;i n&#7871;u m&#7895;i l&#7847;n USD/JPY ti&#7871;n s&#225;t ng&#432;&#7905;ng n&#224;y &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t v&#7899;i h&#224;ng ch&#7909;c t&#7927; USD b&#225;n &#273;&#244; la, carry trade s&#7869; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; m&#7897;t kho&#7843;n c&#432;&#7907;c r&#7867; ti&#7873;n v&#224; m&#7897;t chi&#7873;u nh&#432; tr&#432;&#7899;c. B&#234;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i l&#7841;i nh&#236;n c&#249;ng m&#7897;t s&#7921; ki&#7879;n v&#7899;i th&#225;i &#273;&#7897; l&#7841;nh l&#249;ng h&#417;n: h&#7885; cho r&#7857;ng can thi&#7879;p c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng trong v&#224;i gi&#7901; ho&#7863;c v&#224;i tu&#7847;n, nh&#432;ng ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; &#273;&#7843;o ng&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xu h&#432;&#7899;ng trung h&#7841;n n&#7871;u fundamentals v&#7851;n &#273;i ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i &#273;&#7891;ng y&#234;n.</p><p>C&#7843; hai c&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c n&#224;y &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; l&#253;, nh&#432;ng ch&#7881; &#273;&#250;ng trong nh&#7919;ng khung th&#7901;i gian kh&#225;c nhau. Trong ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n, m&#7897;t c&#250; can thi&#7879;p &#273;&#7911; l&#7899;n c&#243; th&#7875; bu&#7897;c th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7843;i gi&#7843;m &#273;&#242;n b&#7849;y, &#273;&#243;ng v&#7883; th&#7871; v&#224; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; l&#7841;i r&#7911;i ro b&#7883; Tokyo ph&#7909;c k&#237;ch. Nh&#432;ng trong trung h&#7841;n, n&#7871;u d&#7847;u v&#7851;n n&#7857;m tr&#234;n 100 USD, Fed v&#7851;n ch&#432;a th&#7875; xoay tr&#7909;c sang c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m l&#227;i su&#7845;t, v&#224; BOJ v&#7851;n ph&#7843;i ki&#7875;m so&#225;t nh&#7883;p t&#259;ng c&#7911;a l&#7907;i su&#7845;t JGB &#273;&#7875; tr&#225;nh g&#226;y s&#7889;c cho h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i kh&#243;a, th&#236; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng v&#7851;n quay v&#7873; m&#7897;t th&#7921;c t&#7871; kh&#243; ch&#7883;u: Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n &#273;ang c&#7889; b&#7843;o v&#7879; &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh trong khi kh&#244;ng th&#7875; &#273;&#7875; chi ph&#237; v&#7889;n d&#224;i h&#7841;n t&#259;ng qu&#225; nhanh.</p><p>Ngh&#7883;ch l&#253; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a Tokyo n&#7857;m ch&#237;nh &#7903; &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#243;. &#272;&#7875; b&#7843;o v&#7879; &#273;&#7891;ng y&#234;n, Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n c&#7847;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t v&#224; l&#7907;i su&#7845;t cao h&#417;n; nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7875; b&#7843;o v&#7879; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; v&#224; m&#7897;t n&#7873;n t&#224;i kh&#243;a c&#243; n&#7907; c&#244;ng kh&#7893;ng l&#7891;, Nh&#7853;t B&#7843;n l&#7841;i c&#7847;n l&#7907;i su&#7845;t kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#259;ng qu&#225; m&#7841;nh, qu&#225; nhanh. Khi m&#7897;t qu&#7889;c gia kh&#244;ng th&#7875; &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i b&#7843;o v&#7879; c&#7843; &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n l&#7851;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u, &#225;p l&#7921;c bu&#7897;c ph&#7843;i tho&#225;t ra &#7903; m&#7897;t n&#417;i n&#224;o &#273;&#243;, v&#224; trong nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m qua, n&#417;i &#273;&#243; ch&#237;nh l&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng y&#234;n.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#8220;BOJ c&#243; b&#7843;o v&#7879; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7889;c 160 kh&#244;ng?&#8221; th&#7921;c ra l&#224; c&#226;u h&#7887;i nh&#7887; nh&#7845;t trong to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n n&#224;y. 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To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>
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data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c41390f7-04a8-41aa-a6ba-1200a0deffd7_620x349.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:349,&quot;width&quot;:620,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Liberals win majority government, CBC News projects&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Liberals win majority government, CBC News projects" title="Liberals win majority government, CBC News projects" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QfXk!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc41390f7-04a8-41aa-a6ba-1200a0deffd7_620x349.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QfXk!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc41390f7-04a8-41aa-a6ba-1200a0deffd7_620x349.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QfXk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc41390f7-04a8-41aa-a6ba-1200a0deffd7_620x349.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QfXk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc41390f7-04a8-41aa-a6ba-1200a0deffd7_620x349.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>N&#7871;u ch&#7881; nh&#236;n v&#224;o Parliament Hill, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a <strong>control</strong>.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u nh&#236;n v&#224;o th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a <strong>constraint</strong>.</p><p>Ngh&#7883;ch l&#253; c&#7911;a Canada n&#259;m 2026 n&#7857;m &#7903; ch&#237;nh &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#243;:</p><blockquote><p>Ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; &#273;ang m&#7903; r&#7897;ng kh&#244;ng gian h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng, nh&#432;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng kinh t&#7871; l&#7841;i &#273;ang thu h&#7865;p n&#243;.</p></blockquote><ul><li><p>C&#250; s&#7889;c d&#7847;u t&#7915; Trung &#272;&#244;ng kh&#244;ng mang t&#237;nh chu k&#7923; th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng, m&#224; l&#224; m&#7897;t <strong>supply shock</strong> l&#224;m t&#259;ng chi ph&#237; m&#224; kh&#244;ng k&#233;o theo t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng.</p></li><li><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng lao &#273;&#7897;ng kh&#244;ng s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893;, nh&#432;ng &#273;ang ch&#7853;m l&#7841;i theo c&#225;ch gi&#7919; &#225;p l&#7921;c l&#7841;m ph&#225;t.</p></li><li><p>T&#7927; gi&#225; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; b&#7897; gi&#7843;m ch&#7845;n.</p></li><li><p>V&#224; k&#234;nh truy&#7873;n d&#7851;n ti&#7873;n t&#7879; - t&#7915; l&#227;i su&#7845;t &#273;&#7871;n n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; th&#7921;c - b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u m&#7845;t hi&#7879;u l&#7921;c &#7903; nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t.</p></li></ul><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, &#273;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7897;t chu k&#7923; demand-driven quen thu&#7897;c.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t b&#224;i to&#225;n v&#7873; <strong>transmission</strong>.</p><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i v&#236; th&#7871; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; li&#7879;u Canada c&#243; &#273;&#7911; d&#432; &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch hay kh&#244;ng, c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i l&#224; c&#243;.</p><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p>Li&#7879;u c&#225;c c&#244;ng c&#7909; ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch &#273;&#243; c&#242;n ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng theo c&#225;ch m&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#7915;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh, hay ch&#250;ng &#273;ang m&#7845;t d&#7847;n hi&#7879;u l&#7921;c trong m&#7897;t m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i?</p></blockquote><p>Trong b&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y, Viet Hustler s&#7869; &#273;i qua b&#7843;y ph&#7847;n &#8212; t&#7915; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; m&#7899;i c&#7911;a Carney, &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng constraint th&#7921;c s&#7921; &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; BoC, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng, lao &#273;&#7897;ng, ti&#234;u d&#249;ng, nh&#224; &#273;&#7845;t v&#224; th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i &#8212; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi k&#7871;t th&#250;c b&#7857;ng ba k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n cho ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i c&#7911;a n&#259;m 2026.</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n I &#8212; Majority Government: B&#7879; ph&#243;ng hay &#7843;o t&#432;&#7903;ng?</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n II &#8212; BoC: T&#7915; &#8220;cut hay hold&#8221; sang &#8220;hold hay hike&#8221;</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n III &#8212; Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng lao &#273;&#7897;ng: Khi s&#7889; li&#7879;u n&#243;i hai c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n IV &#8212; Ti&#234;u d&#249;ng: Kh&#244;ng s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893;, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng c&#242;n c&#226;n b&#7857;ng</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n V &#8212; Nh&#224; &#273;&#7845;t: &#272;&#225;y ch&#432;a t&#7899;i</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VI &#8212; Th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i: &#272;&#224;m ph&#225;n trong b&#243;ng t&#7889;i</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VII &#8212; Ba k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n cho ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i c&#7911;a 2026</strong></p></li></ul><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Viet Hustler is a reader-supported publication. 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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Private Credit: Không Phải 2008 - Nhưng Nguy Hiểm Nhất Từ 2008]]></title><description><![CDATA[Valuation Opacity v&#224; Illusion of Liquidity: B&#224;i Test &#272;&#7847;u Ti&#234;n C&#7911;a Private Credit]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/p/private-credit-khong-phai-2008-nhung</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://viethustler.substack.com/p/private-credit-khong-phai-2008-nhung</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Tran]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 12 Apr 2026 17:06:05 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDUM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60945a7-2874-45d4-ab16-4c3b119ba959_1440x810.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3><strong>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n b&#7887; l&#7905; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t hay nh&#7845;t g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y:</strong></h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/nuoc-anh-thieu-au-tu-la-thu-pha-huy">N&#432;&#7899;c Anh: Thi&#7871;u &#272;&#7847;u T&#432; L&#224; Th&#7913; Ph&#225; H&#7911;y N&#7873;n Kinh T&#7871;?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/kinh-te-phap-ngheo-vi-luong-huu">Kinh T&#7871; Ph&#225;p: Ngh&#232;o V&#236; L&#432;&#417;ng H&#432;u?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/san-xuat-co-ang-quay-lai-ve-my">S&#7843;n Xu&#7845;t C&#243; &#272;ang Quay L&#7841;i V&#7873; M&#7929;?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/gia-dau-co-the-nao-keo-o-kinh-te">Gi&#225; D&#7847;u C&#243; Th&#7875; N&#224;o K&#233;o &#272;&#7893; Kinh T&#7871; M&#7929;?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/phan-tich-ngan-hang-cac-chi-so-chinh">Ph&#226;n T&#237;ch Ng&#226;n H&#224;ng: C&#225;c Ch&#7881; S&#7889; Ch&#237;nh &amp; Case Study JPM</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ap-luc-gia-dau-len-kinh-te-va-chinh">&#193;p L&#7921;c Gi&#225; D&#7847;u L&#234;n Kinh T&#7871; V&#224; Ch&#237;nh S&#225;ch</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/nvidia-gtc-2026-khi-ai-len-he-sinh">NVIDIA GTC 2026: Khi AI L&#234;n H&#7879; Sinh Th&#225;i</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ghost-gdp-ai-lam-gdp-tang-nhung-xa">Ghost GDP: AI L&#224;m GDP T&#259;ng Nh&#432;ng X&#227; H&#7897;i Ngh&#232;o &#272;i</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/oracle-at-cuoc-tuong-lai-vao-data">Oracle: Gi&#225; N&#224;o Th&#236; V&#224;o &#272;&#432;&#7907;c?</a></p></li></ul><blockquote><p>&#8220;Crises take much longer to develop than you think, and then happen much faster than you would have thought.&#8221; &#8212; Rudiger Dornbusch</p></blockquote><p>Ng&#224;y 2 th&#225;ng 4 n&#259;m 2026, m&#7897;t con s&#7889; m&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#227; lo l&#7855;ng su&#7889;t nhi&#7873;u tu&#7847;n cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng c&#361;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n tr&#234;n m&#224;n h&#236;nh: nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; c&#7889; g&#7855;ng r&#250;t <strong>$5.4 t&#7927;</strong> kh&#7887;i hai qu&#7929; flagship c&#7911;a Blue Owl.</p><ul><li><p>Qu&#7929; cho vay c&#244;ng ngh&#7879;: h&#417;n <strong>40% NAV</strong> y&#234;u c&#7847;u r&#250;t</p></li><li><p>Qu&#7929; direct lending $20 t&#7927;: g&#7847;n <strong>22% NAV</strong></p></li></ul><p>C&#417; ch&#7871; quen thu&#7897;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t. Redemption b&#7883; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n &#7903; <strong>5%</strong>. Ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i &#8212; g&#7847;n <strong>$5 t&#7927;</strong> &#8212; b&#7883; kh&#243;a l&#7841;i, ch&#7901; qu&#253; sau.</p><p>M&#7897;t ng&#224;y sau, ng&#224;y 3 th&#225;ng 4, Morgan Stanley n&#7897;p h&#7891; s&#417; v&#7899;i SEC &#273;&#7875; ra m&#7855;t North Haven Strategic Credit Fund &#8212; m&#7897;t interval fund m&#7899;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; v&#224;o private credit. C&#249;ng c&#244;ng ty v&#7915;a gate $8 t&#7927; North Haven Private Income Fund m&#7897;t tu&#7847;n tr&#432;&#7899;c.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; ngh&#7883;ch l&#253; trung t&#226;m c&#7911;a private credit n&#259;m 2026. M&#7897;t ph&#237;a: nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; &#273;ang ch&#7841;y r&#250;t lui tr&#234;n nh&#7919;ng headlines b&#225;o ch&#237;, c&#242;n ph&#237;a kia: nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#7853;n h&#224;nh l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t v&#7851;n &#273;ang m&#7903; toang c&#7917;a ch&#224;o m&#7901;i.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDUM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60945a7-2874-45d4-ab16-4c3b119ba959_1440x810.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDUM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60945a7-2874-45d4-ab16-4c3b119ba959_1440x810.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDUM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60945a7-2874-45d4-ab16-4c3b119ba959_1440x810.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDUM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60945a7-2874-45d4-ab16-4c3b119ba959_1440x810.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDUM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60945a7-2874-45d4-ab16-4c3b119ba959_1440x810.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDUM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60945a7-2874-45d4-ab16-4c3b119ba959_1440x810.jpeg" width="1440" height="810" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b60945a7-2874-45d4-ab16-4c3b119ba959_1440x810.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:810,&quot;width&quot;:1440,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;The black-box funds fuelling insurers' private credit binge&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="The black-box funds fuelling insurers' private credit binge" title="The black-box funds fuelling insurers' private credit binge" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDUM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60945a7-2874-45d4-ab16-4c3b119ba959_1440x810.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDUM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60945a7-2874-45d4-ab16-4c3b119ba959_1440x810.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDUM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60945a7-2874-45d4-ab16-4c3b119ba959_1440x810.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bDUM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60945a7-2874-45d4-ab16-4c3b119ba959_1440x810.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Ai &#273;ang &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7883; sai t&#236;nh h&#236;nh?</p><p>C&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i kh&#244;ng &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n. V&#224; &#273;&#243; ch&#237;nh x&#225;c l&#224; l&#253; do t&#7841;i sao c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n n&#224;y &#273;&#225;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#226;n t&#237;ch k&#7929; &#8212; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch ch&#7885;n m&#7897;t phe, m&#224; b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch hi&#7875;u t&#7841;i sao c&#7843; hai phe &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; l&#253; trong c&#249;ng m&#7897;t th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m.</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n I &#8212;</strong> T&#7915; ng&#225;ch nh&#7887; &#273;&#7871;n 4% to&#224;n b&#7897; t&#237;n d&#7909;ng: m&#7897;t th&#7853;p k&#7927; b&#249;ng n&#7893;</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n II &#8212;</strong> Redemption wave: khi t&#226;m l&#253; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh c&#417; ch&#7871;</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n III &#8212;</strong> Software: &#273;i&#7875;m d&#7877; v&#7905; nh&#7845;t trong to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n IV &#8212;</strong> Blue Owl v&#224; b&#224;i h&#7885;c c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;i tr&#432;&#7899;c</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n V &#8212;</strong> So s&#225;nh v&#7899;i 2008: &#273;&#250;ng &#7903; &#273;&#226;u, sai &#7903; &#273;&#226;u</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VI &#8212;</strong> Khi r&#7911;i ro vi m&#244; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh &#225;p l&#7921;c v&#297; m&#244;</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VII &#8212;</strong> Ba k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n cho ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i c&#7911;a 2026</p></li></ul><p><em>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y l&#224; ph&#7847;n c&#7853;p nh&#7853;t c&#7911;a chu&#7895;i ph&#226;n t&#237;ch Private Credit. &#272;&#7875; hi&#7875;u c&#7845;u tr&#250;c n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng c&#7911;a r&#7911;i ro &#8212; duration, collateral v&#244; h&#236;nh, v&#224; c&#417; ch&#7871; chi&#7871;t kh&#7845;u &#8212; h&#227;y &#273;&#7885;c b&#224;i g&#7889;c: <strong>&#8220;Private Credit: Kh&#7911;ng Ho&#7843;ng C&#244;ng Ngh&#7879; Ph&#7847;n M&#7873;m &#8212; Khi &#272;&#242;n B&#7849;y G&#7863;p Duration Reset&#8221;.</strong></em></p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;556b6af2-cdda-4385-b26e-1269893cc05b&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&#8220;When the facts change, I change my mind. 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pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></li><li><p>C&#225;c qu&#7929; h&#432;u tr&#237; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c LDI (&#273;&#7847;u t&#432; theo n&#7907; ph&#7843;i tr&#7843;) &#8212; tr&#7883; gi&#225; h&#224;ng ngh&#236;n t&#7927; b&#7843;ng &#8212; su&#253;t s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; d&#226;y chuy&#7873;n v&#236; b&#7883; g&#7885;i k&#253; qu&#7929; h&#224;ng lo&#7841;t.</p></li><li><p>BoE bu&#7897;c ph&#7843;i can thi&#7879;p kh&#7849;n c&#7845;p &#8212; mua v&#224;o tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u d&#224;i h&#7841;n &#273;&#7875; ng&#259;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7905; tr&#7853;n, &#273;&#250;ng v&#224;o l&#250;c &#273;&#225;ng l&#7869; ph&#7843;i th&#7855;t ch&#7863;t ti&#7873;n t&#7879; &#273;&#7875; ch&#7889;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FPiz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c891afd-8887-4b79-8672-38c2e17e513c_1660x447.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FPiz!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c891afd-8887-4b79-8672-38c2e17e513c_1660x447.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FPiz!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c891afd-8887-4b79-8672-38c2e17e513c_1660x447.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FPiz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c891afd-8887-4b79-8672-38c2e17e513c_1660x447.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FPiz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c891afd-8887-4b79-8672-38c2e17e513c_1660x447.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FPiz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c891afd-8887-4b79-8672-38c2e17e513c_1660x447.png" width="1456" height="392" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4c891afd-8887-4b79-8672-38c2e17e513c_1660x447.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:392,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:83603,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/193770346?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c891afd-8887-4b79-8672-38c2e17e513c_1660x447.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FPiz!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c891afd-8887-4b79-8672-38c2e17e513c_1660x447.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FPiz!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c891afd-8887-4b79-8672-38c2e17e513c_1660x447.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FPiz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c891afd-8887-4b79-8672-38c2e17e513c_1660x447.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FPiz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c891afd-8887-4b79-8672-38c2e17e513c_1660x447.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></li></ul><p>Larry Summers &#8212; c&#7921;u B&#7897; tr&#432;&#7903;ng T&#224;i ch&#237;nh M&#7929; &#8212; nh&#7853;n x&#233;t:</p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;T&#244;i kh&#244;ng th&#7875; t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng c&#243; qu&#7889;c gia G10 n&#224;o mang r&#7911;i ro n&#7907; l&#7899;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7853;y trong ch&#237;nh &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><p>Timothy Ash &#8212; chuy&#234;n gia chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c n&#7907; c&#244;ng t&#7841;i BlueBay Asset Management, ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#227; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch c&#225;c cu&#7897;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng t&#224;i kh&#243;a su&#7889;t 35 n&#259;m &#8212; th&#7859;ng th&#7855;n h&#417;n:</p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;T&#7845;t c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng g&#236; t&#244;i th&#7845;y tr&#244;ng gi&#7889;ng h&#7879;t m&#7897;t qu&#7889;c gia &#273;ang r&#417;i v&#224;o kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng ki&#7875;u th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng m&#7899;i n&#7893;i.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><p>Truss t&#7915; ch&#7913;c sau 44 ng&#224;y &#8212; ng&#7855;n nh&#7845;t trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917; n&#432;&#7899;c Anh. G&#243;i ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch b&#7883; r&#250;t l&#7841;i ho&#224;n to&#224;n. Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh tr&#7903; l&#7841;i.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3sMi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9be7520-820d-4c91-b1d6-45c62e5757a5_1233x320.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3sMi!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9be7520-820d-4c91-b1d6-45c62e5757a5_1233x320.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3sMi!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9be7520-820d-4c91-b1d6-45c62e5757a5_1233x320.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3sMi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9be7520-820d-4c91-b1d6-45c62e5757a5_1233x320.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3sMi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9be7520-820d-4c91-b1d6-45c62e5757a5_1233x320.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3sMi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9be7520-820d-4c91-b1d6-45c62e5757a5_1233x320.png" width="1233" height="320" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e9be7520-820d-4c91-b1d6-45c62e5757a5_1233x320.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:320,&quot;width&quot;:1233,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:50415,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/193770346?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9be7520-820d-4c91-b1d6-45c62e5757a5_1233x320.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3sMi!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9be7520-820d-4c91-b1d6-45c62e5757a5_1233x320.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3sMi!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9be7520-820d-4c91-b1d6-45c62e5757a5_1233x320.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3sMi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9be7520-820d-4c91-b1d6-45c62e5757a5_1233x320.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3sMi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9be7520-820d-4c91-b1d6-45c62e5757a5_1233x320.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u m&#224; h&#7847;u h&#7871;t c&#225;c b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n kinh t&#7871; th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#243; &#273;&#7873;u b&#7887; s&#243;t:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; &#273;ang ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i m&#7897;t sai l&#7847;m ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch. Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;ang &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; l&#7841;i m&#7897;t qu&#7889;c gia.</strong></p></blockquote><p>Liz Truss kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n. B&#224; ch&#7881; l&#224; ch&#7845;t x&#250;c t&#225;c &#8212; th&#7913; bu&#7897;c th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7843;i nh&#236;n th&#7859;ng v&#224;o m&#7897;t th&#7921;c t&#7841;i &#273;&#227; t&#237;ch t&#7909; su&#7889;t 15 n&#259;m: <strong>n&#432;&#7899;c Anh &#273;&#227; ng&#7915;ng &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; v&#224;o ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh t&#7915; l&#226;u, v&#224; h&#243;a &#273;&#417;n &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7871;n h&#7841;n.</strong></p><p>&#272;&#243; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u. &#272;&#243; l&#224; kho&#7843;nh kh&#7855;c m&#224; th&#7921;c t&#7841;i l&#7897; di&#7879;n.</p><p>Trong nhi&#7873;u th&#7853;p k&#7927;, n&#432;&#7899;c Anh &#273;&#227; r&#417;i v&#224;o m&#7897;t v&#242;ng xo&#225;y t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#7845;p &#8212; n&#417;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; th&#7845;p d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n n&#259;ng su&#7845;t th&#7845;p, k&#233;o theo thu ng&#226;n s&#225;ch y&#7871;u, v&#224; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng b&#243;p ngh&#7865;t ch&#237;nh kh&#7843; n&#259;ng &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LB3r!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd192a05d-cd8a-4b80-8229-29b74d0283e4_1296x796.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LB3r!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd192a05d-cd8a-4b80-8229-29b74d0283e4_1296x796.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LB3r!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd192a05d-cd8a-4b80-8229-29b74d0283e4_1296x796.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LB3r!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd192a05d-cd8a-4b80-8229-29b74d0283e4_1296x796.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LB3r!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd192a05d-cd8a-4b80-8229-29b74d0283e4_1296x796.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LB3r!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd192a05d-cd8a-4b80-8229-29b74d0283e4_1296x796.webp" width="1296" height="796" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d192a05d-cd8a-4b80-8229-29b74d0283e4_1296x796.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:796,&quot;width&quot;:1296,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Britain Is Near Bottom of the Heap for Economic Growth Potential - Bloomberg&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Britain Is Near Bottom of the Heap for Economic Growth Potential - Bloomberg" title="Britain Is Near Bottom of the Heap for Economic Growth Potential - Bloomberg" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LB3r!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd192a05d-cd8a-4b80-8229-29b74d0283e4_1296x796.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LB3r!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd192a05d-cd8a-4b80-8229-29b74d0283e4_1296x796.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LB3r!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd192a05d-cd8a-4b80-8229-29b74d0283e4_1296x796.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LB3r!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd192a05d-cd8a-4b80-8229-29b74d0283e4_1296x796.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" 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          </a>
      </p>
   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Sản Xuất Có Đang Quay Lại Về Mỹ?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Reshoring: Th&#7921;c t&#7871; ph&#237;a sau &#8220;gi&#7845;c m&#417; c&#244;ng x&#432;&#7903;ng M&#7929;&#8221;]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/p/san-xuat-co-ang-quay-lai-ve-my</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://viethustler.substack.com/p/san-xuat-co-ang-quay-lai-ve-my</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Tran]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 05 Apr 2026 21:19:02 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cPIi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1016abb-a2d5-4882-b1ec-e5dd01e3de5f_954x815.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>VIDEO: GI&#7898;I THI&#7878;U V&#7872; C&#193;C D&#7882;CH V&#7908; T&#7840;P CH&#205; PH&#7888; WALL</h3><div id="youtube2-O48Jh2ZhOcA" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;O48Jh2ZhOcA&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/O48Jh2ZhOcA?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><h3>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n b&#7887; l&#7905; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t hay nh&#7845;t g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y:</h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/kinh-te-phap-ngheo-vi-luong-huu">Kinh T&#7871; Ph&#225;p: Ngh&#232;o V&#236; L&#432;&#417;ng H&#432;u?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/gia-dau-co-the-nao-keo-o-kinh-te">Gi&#225; D&#7847;u C&#243; Th&#7875; N&#224;o K&#233;o &#272;&#7893; Kinh T&#7871; M&#7929;?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/phan-tich-ngan-hang-cac-chi-so-chinh">Ph&#226;n T&#237;ch Ng&#226;n H&#224;ng: C&#225;c Ch&#7881; S&#7889; Ch&#237;nh &amp; Case Study JPM</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ap-luc-gia-dau-len-kinh-te-va-chinh">&#193;p L&#7921;c Gi&#225; D&#7847;u L&#234;n Kinh T&#7871; V&#224; Ch&#237;nh S&#225;ch</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/nvidia-gtc-2026-khi-ai-len-he-sinh">NVIDIA GTC 2026: Khi AI L&#234;n H&#7879; Sinh Th&#225;i</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ghost-gdp-ai-lam-gdp-tang-nhung-xa">Ghost GDP: AI L&#224;m GDP T&#259;ng Nh&#432;ng X&#227; H&#7897;i Ngh&#232;o &#272;i</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/oracle-at-cuoc-tuong-lai-vao-data">Oracle: Gi&#225; N&#224;o Th&#236; V&#224;o &#272;&#432;&#7907;c?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/dong-chay-nang-luong-toan-cau-thang">D&#210;NG CH&#7842;Y N&#258;NG L&#431;&#7906;NG TO&#192;N C&#7846;U TH&#193;NG 3 - 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ki-vong-kinh-te-my-trong-2026">K&#204; V&#7884;NG KINH T&#7870; M&#7928; TRONG 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tap-chi-pho-wall-gioi-thieu-dich">T&#7841;p Ch&#237; Ph&#7889; Wall - Gi&#7899;i Thi&#7879;u D&#7883;ch V&#7909; M&#7899;i</a></p></li></ul><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;The factory of the world has always been wherever the cost is lowest &#8212; until the day it isn&#8217;t.&#8221;</em> </p><p>&#8212; Kishore Mahbubani (di&#7877;n gi&#7843;i t&#7915; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; kinh t&#7871;, 2022)</p></blockquote><p>Th&#225;ng 1/2026, ISM Manufacturing PMI b&#7853;t t&#7915; 47.9 l&#234;n 52.6 &#8212; l&#7847;n &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n quay l&#7841;i v&#249;ng m&#7903; r&#7897;ng sau 26 th&#225;ng li&#234;n ti&#7871;p thu h&#7865;p. Th&#225;ng 2 gi&#7919; &#7903; 52.4. Th&#225;ng 3 nh&#237;ch l&#234;n 52.7. V&#7899;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng, t&#237;n hi&#7879;u l&#224; &#273;&#7911; r&#245;: manufacturing &#273;&#227; tho&#225;t &#273;&#225;y.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cPIi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1016abb-a2d5-4882-b1ec-e5dd01e3de5f_954x815.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cPIi!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1016abb-a2d5-4882-b1ec-e5dd01e3de5f_954x815.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cPIi!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1016abb-a2d5-4882-b1ec-e5dd01e3de5f_954x815.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cPIi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1016abb-a2d5-4882-b1ec-e5dd01e3de5f_954x815.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cPIi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1016abb-a2d5-4882-b1ec-e5dd01e3de5f_954x815.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cPIi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1016abb-a2d5-4882-b1ec-e5dd01e3de5f_954x815.jpeg" width="954" height="815" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e1016abb-a2d5-4882-b1ec-e5dd01e3de5f_954x815.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:815,&quot;width&quot;:954,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;How to Revitalize U.S. Manufacturing - WSJ&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="How to Revitalize U.S. Manufacturing - WSJ" title="How to Revitalize U.S. Manufacturing - WSJ" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cPIi!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1016abb-a2d5-4882-b1ec-e5dd01e3de5f_954x815.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cPIi!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1016abb-a2d5-4882-b1ec-e5dd01e3de5f_954x815.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cPIi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1016abb-a2d5-4882-b1ec-e5dd01e3de5f_954x815.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cPIi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe1016abb-a2d5-4882-b1ec-e5dd01e3de5f_954x815.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>C&#226;u chuy&#7879;n nhanh ch&#243;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ho&#224;n thi&#7879;n b&#7903;i headline. &#8220;American Manufacturing is Back&#8221; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n d&#224;y &#273;&#7863;c tr&#234;n m&#7863;t b&#225;o. Apple cam k&#7871;t $500 t&#7927; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; n&#7897;i &#273;&#7883;a. TSMC Arizona b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t. Reshoring Initiative c&#244;ng b&#7889; g&#7847;n 240,000 vi&#7879;c l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#432;a v&#7873; M&#7929; trong n&#259;m 2025. T&#7915; &#273;&#7847;u nhi&#7879;m k&#7923; th&#7913; hai c&#7911;a Trump, h&#417;n $1.2 ngh&#236;n t&#7927; investment &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng b&#7889; &#8212; t&#7845;t c&#7843; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7885;c nh&#432; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u m&#7903; &#273;&#7847;u cho m&#7897;t &#8220;industrial renaissance.&#8221;</p><p>N&#7871;u ch&#7881; nh&#236;n v&#224;o c&#225;c kh&#7843;o s&#225;t khu v&#7921;c c&#7911;a Fed v&#224; ISM, b&#7913;c tranh manufacturing hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i g&#7847;n nh&#432; kh&#244;ng c&#243; g&#236; &#273;&#7875; nghi ng&#7901;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BrRw!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff768082b-58c0-4ef8-8a56-4c8ef40ead26_1206x853.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BrRw!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff768082b-58c0-4ef8-8a56-4c8ef40ead26_1206x853.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BrRw!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff768082b-58c0-4ef8-8a56-4c8ef40ead26_1206x853.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BrRw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff768082b-58c0-4ef8-8a56-4c8ef40ead26_1206x853.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BrRw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff768082b-58c0-4ef8-8a56-4c8ef40ead26_1206x853.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BrRw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff768082b-58c0-4ef8-8a56-4c8ef40ead26_1206x853.jpeg" width="1206" height="853" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f768082b-58c0-4ef8-8a56-4c8ef40ead26_1206x853.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:853,&quot;width&quot;:1206,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Image&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Image" title="Image" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BrRw!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff768082b-58c0-4ef8-8a56-4c8ef40ead26_1206x853.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BrRw!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff768082b-58c0-4ef8-8a56-4c8ef40ead26_1206x853.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BrRw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff768082b-58c0-4ef8-8a56-4c8ef40ead26_1206x853.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BrRw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff768082b-58c0-4ef8-8a56-4c8ef40ead26_1206x853.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>T&#7915; Empire, Philly &#273;&#7871;n Dallas v&#224; Kansas City, h&#7847;u h&#7871;t c&#225;c ch&#7881; s&#7889; khu v&#7921;c &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#227; quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i tr&#234;n ng&#432;&#7905;ng 50 &#8212; th&#7853;m ch&#237; &#7903; m&#7913;c cao nh&#7845;t trong nhi&#7873;u qu&#253;. ISM Manufacturing PMI c&#361;ng &#273;&#7891;ng thu&#7853;n v&#7899;i c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n &#273;&#243;. &#7902; c&#7845;p &#273;&#7897; headline, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t recovery &#273;&#7891;ng b&#7897;, r&#7897;ng kh&#7855;p, v&#224; c&#243; v&#7867; &#273;&#7911; m&#7841;nh &#273;&#7875; c&#7911;ng c&#7889; l&#7841;i narrative quen thu&#7897;c: <strong>&#8220;American manufacturing is back.&#8221;</strong></p><p>Nh&#432;ng ch&#237;nh t&#7841;i &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; d&#7919; li&#7879;u tr&#7903; n&#234;n thuy&#7871;t ph&#7909;c nh&#7845;t, v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n.</p><p>B&#7903;i v&#236; khi &#273;i s&#226;u h&#417;n m&#7897;t l&#7899;p &#8212; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#224;o headline, m&#224; v&#224;o c&#7845;u tr&#250;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh v&#224; h&#224;nh vi c&#7911;a doanh nghi&#7879;p &#8212; b&#7913;c tranh b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u l&#7879;ch pha. Activity c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;ang m&#7903; r&#7897;ng, nh&#432;ng demand ch&#432;a th&#7921;c s&#7921; theo k&#7883;p. Capex c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;ang t&#259;ng, nh&#432;ng employment kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng t&#432;&#417;ng x&#7913;ng. V&#224; quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n, ni&#7873;m tin c&#7911;a doanh nghi&#7879;p v&#224;o m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh d&#224;i h&#7841;n l&#7841;i &#273;ang x&#7845;u &#273;i.</p><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, manufacturing kh&#244;ng thi&#7871;u b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng &#273;&#7875; ch&#7913;ng minh n&#243; &#273;ang ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i. V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; l&#224;: g&#7847;n nh&#432; t&#7845;t c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng &#273;&#243; &#273;&#7873;u n&#7857;m &#7903; b&#7873; m&#7863;t.</p><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i v&#236; th&#7871; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; li&#7879;u reshoring c&#243; &#273;ang x&#7843;y ra hay kh&#244;ng &#8212; n&#243; &#273;ang x&#7843;y ra. C&#226;u h&#7887;i l&#224;: &#273;&#226;y c&#243; ph&#7843;i l&#224; s&#7921; quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i th&#7921;c s&#7921; c&#7911;a n&#259;ng l&#7921;c s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t, hay ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t giai &#273;o&#7841;n m&#7903; r&#7897;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#7851;n d&#7855;t b&#7903;i policy, subsidy v&#224; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng? V&#224; n&#7871;u &#273;&#243; l&#224; tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p th&#7913; hai, th&#236; ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n narrative hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;ang nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n gi&#7919;a <strong>quy m&#244; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;</strong> v&#224; <strong>hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; kinh t&#7871; th&#7921;c s&#7921;</strong>.</p><p>Trong b&#224;i vi&#7871;t tu&#7847;n n&#224;y, Viet Hustler s&#7869; &#273;i qua b&#7843;y ph&#7847;n: t&#7915; vi&#7879;c t&#225;ch b&#7841;ch d&#7919; li&#7879;u v&#224; narrative c&#7911;a reshoring, &#273;&#7871;n c&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; ph&#237;a sau, nh&#7919;ng r&#224;o c&#7843;n c&#7845;u tr&#250;c m&#224; M&#7929; &#273;ang &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t, v&#224; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng l&#224; c&#226;u h&#7887;i quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t &#8212; m&#7897;t n&#259;m sau Liberation Day, manufacturing c&#243; th&#7921;c s&#7921; quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i M&#7929;, hay ch&#7881; &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#7907;c v&#7869; l&#7841;i tr&#234;n b&#7843;n &#273;&#7891; theo m&#7897;t c&#225;ch kh&#225;c.</p><p>Trong b&#224;i vi&#7871;t tu&#7847;n n&#224;y, Viet Hustler s&#7869; &#273;i qua b&#7843;y ph&#7847;n sau:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n I</strong> &#8212; Reshoring l&#224; g&#236;: data n&#243;i g&#236;, narrative n&#243;i g&#236;</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n II</strong> &#8212; V&#236; sao M&#7929; mu&#7889;n reshoring: &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c kh&#244;ng thu&#7847;n kinh t&#7871;</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n III</strong> &#8212; V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; c&#7889;t l&#245;i: M&#7929; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#7907;i th&#7871; l&#224;m c&#244;ng x&#432;&#7903;ng</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n IV</strong> &#8212; &#8220;Reshoring th&#7853;t&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;reshoring &#7843;o&#8221;</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n V</strong> &#8212; Nearshoring: c&#244;ng x&#432;&#7903;ng kh&#244;ng v&#7873; M&#7929;, m&#224; chuy&#7875;n sang &#8220;v&#249;ng &#273;&#7879;m&#8221;</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VI</strong> &#8212; M&#7897;t n&#259;m sau Liberation Day: manufacturing &#273;&#227; quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i M&#7929; ch&#432;a?</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VII</strong> &#8212; K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n: c&#244;ng x&#432;&#7903;ng quay v&#7873; &#8212; nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i n&#417;i b&#7841;n ngh&#297;</p></li></ul><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Viet Hustler is a reader-supported publication. 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N&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#7873; ni&#7873;m tin.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_kC2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4af29fa4-06e3-490f-8fe8-93de0dff0da9_1099x585.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_kC2!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4af29fa4-06e3-490f-8fe8-93de0dff0da9_1099x585.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_kC2!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4af29fa4-06e3-490f-8fe8-93de0dff0da9_1099x585.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_kC2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4af29fa4-06e3-490f-8fe8-93de0dff0da9_1099x585.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_kC2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4af29fa4-06e3-490f-8fe8-93de0dff0da9_1099x585.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_kC2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4af29fa4-06e3-490f-8fe8-93de0dff0da9_1099x585.png" width="1099" height="585" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4af29fa4-06e3-490f-8fe8-93de0dff0da9_1099x585.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:585,&quot;width&quot;:1099,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:62084,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/i/193147849?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4af29fa4-06e3-490f-8fe8-93de0dff0da9_1099x585.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_kC2!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4af29fa4-06e3-490f-8fe8-93de0dff0da9_1099x585.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_kC2!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4af29fa4-06e3-490f-8fe8-93de0dff0da9_1099x585.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_kC2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4af29fa4-06e3-490f-8fe8-93de0dff0da9_1099x585.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_kC2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4af29fa4-06e3-490f-8fe8-93de0dff0da9_1099x585.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p><em>L&#432;u &#253; r&#7857;ng: th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;ang x&#7843;y ra h&#244;m nay - n&#243; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; nh&#7919;ng g&#236; di&#7877;n ra trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai. </em></p></blockquote><p>N&#7871;u nh&#236;n v&#224;o di&#7877;n bi&#7871;n c&#7911;a OAT&#8211;Bund spread trong v&#224;i n&#259;m g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y &#8212; t&#7915; kho&#7843;ng 30 bps n&#259;m 2021 l&#234;n g&#7847;n 80 bps hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i &#8212; c&#243; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7903; n&#234;n r&#245; r&#224;ng: m&#7895;i cu&#7897;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; t&#7841;i Ph&#225;p &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7875; l&#7841;i &#8220;s&#7865;o&#8221; tr&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng cong l&#7907;i su&#7845;t. </p><ul><li><p>Nh&#7919;ng m&#7913;c t&#259;ng 5&#8211;15 bps kh&#244;ng bao gi&#7901; ho&#224;n to&#224;n quay v&#7873; tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i c&#361;.</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n c&#7911;a m&#7897;t c&#250; s&#7889;c ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; qu&#225; tr&#236;nh t&#225;i &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; mang t&#237;nh c&#7845;u tr&#250;c. </p><p>Ph&#225;p kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t v&#7899;i m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; t&#224;i kh&#243;a, Ph&#225;p &#273;ang &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t v&#7899;i m&#7897;t b&#224;i to&#225;n &#8212; v&#224; b&#224;i to&#225;n &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#7901;i gi&#7843;i. 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S6m2!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f8b778e-04b4-44e0-bc90-4dae1b1fc73d_1920x1440.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S6m2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f8b778e-04b4-44e0-bc90-4dae1b1fc73d_1920x1440.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S6m2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f8b778e-04b4-44e0-bc90-4dae1b1fc73d_1920x1440.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S6m2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f8b778e-04b4-44e0-bc90-4dae1b1fc73d_1920x1440.jpeg" width="1456" height="1092" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9f8b778e-04b4-44e0-bc90-4dae1b1fc73d_1920x1440.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1092,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Pension reform protests in France: What you need to know | Explainer News |  Al Jazeera&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Pension reform protests in France: What you need to know | Explainer News |  Al Jazeera" title="Pension reform protests in France: What you need to know | Explainer News |  Al Jazeera" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S6m2!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f8b778e-04b4-44e0-bc90-4dae1b1fc73d_1920x1440.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S6m2!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f8b778e-04b4-44e0-bc90-4dae1b1fc73d_1920x1440.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S6m2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f8b778e-04b4-44e0-bc90-4dae1b1fc73d_1920x1440.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!S6m2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f8b778e-04b4-44e0-bc90-4dae1b1fc73d_1920x1440.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div 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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Giá Dầu Có Thể Nào Kéo Đổ Kinh Tế Mỹ?]]></title><description><![CDATA[K&#7883;ch b&#7843;n n&#224;o s&#7869; d&#7851;n t&#7899;i suy tho&#225;i?]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/p/gia-dau-co-the-nao-keo-o-kinh-te</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://viethustler.substack.com/p/gia-dau-co-the-nao-keo-o-kinh-te</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Tran]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 29 Mar 2026 18:46:31 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eUGZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ba1751-4e1b-48c4-b546-5d438f0e73c3_700x394.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n b&#7887; l&#7905; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t hay nh&#7845;t g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y:</h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/phan-tich-ngan-hang-cac-chi-so-chinh">Ph&#226;n T&#237;ch Ng&#226;n H&#224;ng: C&#225;c Ch&#7881; S&#7889; Ch&#237;nh &amp; Case Study JPM</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ap-luc-gia-dau-len-kinh-te-va-chinh">&#193;p L&#7921;c Gi&#225; D&#7847;u L&#234;n Kinh T&#7871; V&#224; Ch&#237;nh S&#225;ch</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/nvidia-gtc-2026-khi-ai-len-he-sinh">NVIDIA GTC 2026: Khi AI L&#234;n H&#7879; Sinh Th&#225;i</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ghost-gdp-ai-lam-gdp-tang-nhung-xa">Ghost GDP: AI L&#224;m GDP T&#259;ng Nh&#432;ng X&#227; H&#7897;i Ngh&#232;o &#272;i</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/oracle-at-cuoc-tuong-lai-vao-data">Oracle: Gi&#225; N&#224;o Th&#236; V&#224;o &#272;&#432;&#7907;c?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/dong-chay-nang-luong-toan-cau-thang">D&#210;NG CH&#7842;Y N&#258;NG L&#431;&#7906;NG TO&#192;N C&#7846;U TH&#193;NG 3 - 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ki-vong-kinh-te-my-trong-2026">K&#204; V&#7884;NG KINH T&#7870; M&#7928; TRONG 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ai-replacement-trade-hoang-loan-inh">AI Replacement Trade: Ho&#7843;ng Lo&#7841;n &#272;&#7883;nh Gi&#225; Hay Thay &#272;&#7893;i C&#7845;u Tr&#250;c?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tap-chi-pho-wall-gioi-thieu-dich">T&#7841;p Ch&#237; Ph&#7889; Wall - Gi&#7899;i Thi&#7879;u D&#7883;ch V&#7909; M&#7899;i</a></p></li></ul><blockquote><p><strong>&#8220;Crises take much longer to develop than you think, and then happen much faster than you would have thought.&#8221; &#8212; Rudiger Dornbusch</strong></p></blockquote><div><hr></div><p>Ng&#224;y 28/2/2026, m&#7897;t t&#224;u ch&#7903; d&#7847;u H&#224;n Qu&#7889;c &#273;ang di chuy&#7875;n qua Eo bi&#7875;n Hormuz nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#237;n hi&#7879;u c&#7843;nh b&#225;o v&#224; quay &#273;&#7847;u. 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class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eUGZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ba1751-4e1b-48c4-b546-5d438f0e73c3_700x394.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eUGZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ba1751-4e1b-48c4-b546-5d438f0e73c3_700x394.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eUGZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ba1751-4e1b-48c4-b546-5d438f0e73c3_700x394.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eUGZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ba1751-4e1b-48c4-b546-5d438f0e73c3_700x394.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eUGZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ba1751-4e1b-48c4-b546-5d438f0e73c3_700x394.jpeg" width="604" height="339.9657142857143" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/05ba1751-4e1b-48c4-b546-5d438f0e73c3_700x394.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:394,&quot;width&quot;:700,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:604,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;The Big Question: is a US recession inevitable?&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;The Big Question: is a US recession inevitable?&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="The Big Question: is a US recession inevitable?" title="The Big Question: is a US recession inevitable?" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eUGZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ba1751-4e1b-48c4-b546-5d438f0e73c3_700x394.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eUGZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ba1751-4e1b-48c4-b546-5d438f0e73c3_700x394.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eUGZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ba1751-4e1b-48c4-b546-5d438f0e73c3_700x394.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eUGZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05ba1751-4e1b-48c4-b546-5d438f0e73c3_700x394.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>C&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i ng&#7855;n l&#224;: kh&#244;ng h&#7859;n. N&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; h&#244;m nay &#237;t ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o d&#7847;u h&#417;n, Fed c&#243; credibility cao h&#417;n, v&#224; M&#7929; l&#224; nh&#224; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t d&#7847;u l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#8212; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t n&#432;&#7899;c nh&#7853;p kh&#7849;u r&#242;ng nh&#432; n&#259;m 1973.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i d&#224;i &#8212; v&#224; quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n &#8212; l&#224;: <em>logic &#273;ang quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i, d&#249; b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i.</em></p><p>B&#7903;i v&#236; nh&#432; l&#7883;ch s&#7917; &#273;&#227; nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;n cho th&#7845;y, kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng kh&#244;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n t&#7915; gi&#225; d&#7847;u. N&#243; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n t&#7915; c&#225;ch h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i gi&#225; d&#7847;u. T&#7915; vi&#7879;c k&#7923; v&#7885;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t c&#243; b&#7883; k&#233;o tr&#432;&#7907;t hay kh&#244;ng. T&#7915; vi&#7879;c ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879; c&#243; b&#7883; k&#7865;t gi&#7919;a hai r&#7911;i ro &#273;&#7889;i ngh&#7883;ch hay kh&#244;ng. V&#224; t&#7915; vi&#7879;c m&#7897;t c&#250; s&#7889;c c&#243; &#273;&#7911; th&#7901;i gian &#273;&#7875; chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; &#8220;event&#8221; th&#224;nh &#8220;state&#8221; hay kh&#244;ng.</p><p>Ba bi&#7871;n s&#7889; &#273;&#243; &#8212; persistence, expectations, policy &#8212; l&#224; th&#7913; &#273;&#227; ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t th&#7853;p ni&#234;n 1970 kh&#7887;i 2008. Ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t m&#7897;t &#8220;inflation scare&#8221; kh&#7887;i m&#7897;t &#8220;inflation regime shift&#8221;. V&#224; c&#7843; ba &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#7907;c test c&#249;ng l&#250;c trong th&#225;ng 3/2026.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u Dornbusch mu&#7889;n n&#243;i khi &#244;ng vi&#7871;t c&#226;u &#273;&#243;. Kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7871;n nh&#432; m&#7897;t c&#417;n b&#227;o m&#224; ai c&#361;ng th&#7845;y t&#7915; xa. N&#243; &#273;&#7871;n nh&#432; n&#432;&#7899;c d&#226;ng d&#7847;n &#8212; ch&#7853;m &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c kh&#244;ng ai &#273;&#7875; &#253;, r&#7891;i nhanh &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c kh&#244;ng ai k&#7883;p ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng. V&#224; kho&#7843;ng th&#7901;i gian nguy hi&#7875;m nh&#7845;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; khi n&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#227; ng&#7853;p. M&#224; l&#224; khi n&#432;&#7899;c &#273;ang d&#226;ng &#8212; v&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7851;n ch&#432;a quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; kho&#7843;ng th&#7901;i gian m&#224; ch&#250;ng ta &#273;ang &#7903; trong &#8212; h&#244;m nay, th&#225;ng 3/2026.</p><p>Trong b&#224;i vi&#7871;t tu&#7847;n n&#224;y, Viet Hustler s&#7869; &#273;i qua n&#259;m ph&#7847;n &#8212; t&#7915; l&#7883;ch s&#7917; &#273;&#7871;n hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, t&#7915; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c &#273;&#7871;n d&#7919; li&#7879;u th&#7901;i gian th&#7921;c &#8212; &#273;&#7875; tr&#7843; l&#7901;i m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i duy nh&#7845;t</p><p><em>L&#7847;n n&#224;y, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#243; c&#242;n &#273;&#7911; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng h&#7845;p th&#7909; &#8212; hay &#273;ang ti&#7871;n d&#7847;n &#273;&#7871;n &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; c&#250; s&#7889;c b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7921; khu&#7871;ch &#273;&#7841;i v&#432;&#7907;t kh&#7887;i ki&#7875;m so&#225;t?</em></p><ul><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n I</strong> &#8211; 1970s: Khi oil shock ch&#7881; l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n II</strong> &#8211; Ba &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n &#273;&#7875; m&#7897;t oil shock tr&#7903; th&#224;nh kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n III</strong> &#8211; 2026: Nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;ang l&#7863;p l&#7841;i</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n IV</strong> &#8211; Ba kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t mang t&#237;nh c&#7845;u tr&#250;c v&#7899;i 1970s</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n V</strong> &#8211; &#272;i&#7873;u g&#236; s&#7869; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh outcome l&#7847;n n&#224;y?</p></li></ul><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Viet Hustler is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>
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          <a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/gia-dau-co-the-nao-keo-o-kinh-te">
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Áp Lực Giá Dầu Lên Kinh Tế Và Chính Sách]]></title><description><![CDATA[Li&#7879;u Fed c&#242;n c&#243; th&#7875; cut l&#227;i su&#7845;t trong n&#259;m nay?]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ap-luc-gia-dau-len-kinh-te-va-chinh</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ap-luc-gia-dau-len-kinh-te-va-chinh</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Tran]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 22 Mar 2026 16:18:28 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5xiG!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f9ad544-b3f6-4d0b-b66a-1b2f799fb811_700x394.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3><strong>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n b&#7887; l&#7905; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t hay nh&#7845;t g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y:</strong></h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ghost-gdp-ai-lam-gdp-tang-nhung-xa">Ghost GDP: AI L&#224;m GDP T&#259;ng Nh&#432;ng X&#227; H&#7897;i Ngh&#232;o &#272;i</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/dong-chay-nang-luong-toan-cau-thang">D&#210;NG CH&#7842;Y N&#258;NG L&#431;&#7906;NG TO&#192;N C&#7846;U TH&#193;NG 3 - 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ki-vong-kinh-te-my-trong-2026">K&#204; V&#7884;NG KINH T&#7870; M&#7928; TRONG 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ai-replacement-trade-hoang-loan-inh">AI Replacement Trade: Ho&#7843;ng Lo&#7841;n &#272;&#7883;nh Gi&#225; Hay Thay &#272;&#7893;i C&#7845;u Tr&#250;c?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/private-credit-khung-hoang-cong-nghe">Private Credit: Kh&#7911;ng Ho&#7843;ng C&#244;ng Ngh&#7879; Ph&#7847;n M&#7873;m</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/nen-kinh-te-tien-te-iran-2026">Kh&#7911;ng Ho&#7843;ng Kinh T&#7871; Iran 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tap-chi-pho-wall-gioi-thieu-dich">T&#7841;p Ch&#237; Ph&#7889; Wall - Gi&#7899;i Thi&#7879;u D&#7883;ch V&#7909; M&#7899;i</a></p></li></ul><blockquote><p><em>"Monetary policy works with long and variable lags &#8212; but energy prices work immediately."</em> </p><p>&#8212; Milton Friedman (di&#7877;n gi&#7843;i t&#7915; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; transmission mechanism, 1961)</p></blockquote><p>Th&#225;ng 3/2026. M&#7897;t cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p FOMC di&#7877;n ra nh&#432; th&#432;&#7901;ng l&#7879; &#8212; l&#227;i su&#7845;t gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n, statement kh&#244;ng c&#243; g&#236; b&#7845;t ng&#7901;, Powell tr&#7843; l&#7901;i b&#225;o ch&#237; v&#7899;i gi&#7885;ng &#273;i&#7879;u th&#7853;n tr&#7885;ng quen thu&#7897;c.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng khi phi&#234;n giao d&#7883;ch &#273;&#243;ng c&#7917;a, l&#7907;i su&#7845;t 2-year Treasury &#273;&#227; t&#259;ng g&#7847;n 10bps so v&#7899;i tr&#432;&#7899;c FOMC. Swaps pricing easing cho c&#7843; n&#259;m 2026 g&#7847;n nh&#432; v&#7873; 0. V&#224; tr&#234;n Polymarket, x&#225;c su&#7845;t &#8220;no Fed rate cuts in 2026&#8221; &#273;ang ti&#7871;n v&#7873; 30% &#8212; t&#7915; m&#7913;c g&#7847;n nh&#432; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; ch&#7881; s&#225;u tu&#7847;n tr&#432;&#7899;c.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QxLW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F759212d0-7800-45c6-a369-b962734957fa_750x422.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QxLW!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F759212d0-7800-45c6-a369-b962734957fa_750x422.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QxLW!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F759212d0-7800-45c6-a369-b962734957fa_750x422.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QxLW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F759212d0-7800-45c6-a369-b962734957fa_750x422.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QxLW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F759212d0-7800-45c6-a369-b962734957fa_750x422.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QxLW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F759212d0-7800-45c6-a369-b962734957fa_750x422.jpeg" width="750" height="422" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/759212d0-7800-45c6-a369-b962734957fa_750x422.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:422,&quot;width&quot;:750,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;FOMC has 'strongly differing views' about how to proceed in December, says  Fed Chair Powell&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;FOMC has 'strongly differing views' about how to proceed in December, says  Fed Chair Powell&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="FOMC has 'strongly differing views' about how to proceed in December, says  Fed Chair Powell" title="FOMC has 'strongly differing views' about how to proceed in December, says  Fed Chair Powell" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QxLW!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F759212d0-7800-45c6-a369-b962734957fa_750x422.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QxLW!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F759212d0-7800-45c6-a369-b962734957fa_750x422.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QxLW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F759212d0-7800-45c6-a369-b962734957fa_750x422.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QxLW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F759212d0-7800-45c6-a369-b962734957fa_750x422.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#243; g&#236; thay &#273;&#7893;i. Nh&#432;ng m&#7885;i th&#7913; &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u th&#250; v&#7883; v&#7873; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh: n&#243; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7843;o chi&#7873;u v&#236; d&#7919; li&#7879;u. Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; m&#7897;t b&#225;o c&#225;o CPI, m&#7897;t dot plot, hay m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p FOMC &#273;&#417;n l&#7867;.</p><p>N&#243; &#273;&#7843;o chi&#7873;u v&#236; m&#7897;t th&#7913; kh&#243; n&#7855;m b&#7855;t h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u &#8212; m&#7897;t s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i trong c&#225;ch th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng <em>hi&#7875;u</em> th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#273;ang v&#7853;n h&#224;nh.</p><p>Trong su&#7889;t n&#259;m 2025, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tin v&#224;o m&#7897;t c&#7845;u tr&#250;c nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh: Fed ki&#7875;m so&#225;t chu k&#7923;, l&#7841;m ph&#225;t &#273;ang h&#7841;, v&#224; easing ch&#7881; l&#224; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; th&#7901;i gian. Goldilocks kh&#244;ng ho&#224;n h&#7843;o, nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; t&#224;i s&#7843;n r&#7911;i ro ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c t&#259;ng. &#272;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c mua dip.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5xiG!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f9ad544-b3f6-4d0b-b66a-1b2f799fb811_700x394.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5xiG!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f9ad544-b3f6-4d0b-b66a-1b2f799fb811_700x394.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5xiG!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f9ad544-b3f6-4d0b-b66a-1b2f799fb811_700x394.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5xiG!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f9ad544-b3f6-4d0b-b66a-1b2f799fb811_700x394.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5xiG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f9ad544-b3f6-4d0b-b66a-1b2f799fb811_700x394.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5xiG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f9ad544-b3f6-4d0b-b66a-1b2f799fb811_700x394.jpeg" width="700" height="394" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1f9ad544-b3f6-4d0b-b66a-1b2f799fb811_700x394.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:394,&quot;width&quot;:700,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Iran war risks higher household inflation expectations&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Iran war risks higher household inflation expectations" title="Iran war risks higher household inflation expectations" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5xiG!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f9ad544-b3f6-4d0b-b66a-1b2f799fb811_700x394.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5xiG!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f9ad544-b3f6-4d0b-b66a-1b2f799fb811_700x394.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5xiG!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f9ad544-b3f6-4d0b-b66a-1b2f799fb811_700x394.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5xiG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f9ad544-b3f6-4d0b-b66a-1b2f799fb811_700x394.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>R&#7891;i Iran war b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u. D&#7847;u kh&#244;ng gi&#7843;m. K&#7923; v&#7885;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t ng&#7915;ng h&#7841;. V&#224; d&#7847;n d&#7847;n &#8212; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i qua m&#7897;t c&#250; shock, m&#224; qua m&#7897;t chu&#7895;i &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh nh&#7887; li&#234;n t&#7909;c &#8212; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u &#273;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i m&#224; tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng ai th&#7921;c s&#7921; h&#7887;i:</p><blockquote><p><em>Fed c&#243; c&#242;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#233;p c&#7855;t l&#227;i su&#7845;t kh&#244;ng?</em></p></blockquote><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i &#8220;Fed s&#7869; c&#7855;t bao nhi&#234;u l&#7847;n&#8221;. Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i &#8220;c&#7855;t th&#225;ng 6 hay th&#225;ng 9&#8221;. M&#224; l&#224; c&#226;u h&#7887;i n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng h&#417;n &#8212; v&#7873; vi&#7879;c li&#7879;u ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879; c&#242;n l&#224; bi&#7871;n s&#7889; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7897;ng, hay &#273;&#227; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t bi&#7871;n s&#7889; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng b&#7883; &#233;p bu&#7897;c b&#7903;i nh&#7919;ng th&#7913; n&#7857;m ngo&#224;i t&#7847;m ki&#7875;m so&#225;t c&#7911;a Fed.</p><p>Khi c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#243; thay &#273;&#7893;i, to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; t&#224;i s&#7843;n ph&#7843;i thay &#273;&#7893;i theo.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u l&#224;m cho th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m n&#224;y kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; c&#7911;a c&#250; s&#7889;c &#8212; d&#7847;u &#7903; $103 kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng theo ti&#234;u chu&#7849;n l&#7883;ch s&#7917;. &#272;i&#7873;u l&#224;m n&#243; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; <em>c&#7845;u tr&#250;c</em> c&#7911;a n&#243;.</p><p>M&#7897;t energy shock th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7871;n r&#7891;i &#273;i. Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#8220;look through&#8221;, Fed ch&#7901;, v&#224; chu k&#7923; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c. Nh&#432;ng khi c&#250; s&#7889;c &#273;&#243; k&#233;o d&#224;i &#273;&#7911; l&#226;u &#273;&#7875; th&#7845;m v&#224;o k&#7923; v&#7885;ng &#8212; khi services inflation &#273;&#227; d&#237;nh &#7903; m&#7913;c cao, khi goods kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; l&#7921;c gi&#7843;m ph&#225;t, khi 5y5y inflation swap b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#225;ch kh&#7887;i &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7847;u &#8212; th&#236; c&#417; ch&#7871; &#8220;look through&#8221; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng n&#7919;a.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Inflation kh&#244;ng c&#242;n c&#7847;n oil &#273;&#7875; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i. N&#243; ch&#7881; c&#7847;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tin r&#7857;ng n&#243; s&#7869; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i.</p></div><p>V&#224; &#273;&#243; l&#224; l&#250;c Fed th&#7921;c s&#7921; b&#7883; k&#7865;t.</p><p>Trong b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#244;m nay, Viethustler s&#7869; &#273;i qua b&#7843;y bi&#7875;u &#273;&#7891; &#8212; m&#7895;i bi&#7875;u &#273;&#7891; l&#224; m&#7897;t g&#243;c nh&#236;n, m&#7897;t m&#7843;nh gh&#233;p. V&#224; khi &#273;&#7863;t c&#7843; b&#7843;y c&#7841;nh nhau, c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i cho c&#226;u h&#7887;i trung t&#226;m c&#7911;a b&#224;i s&#7869; t&#7921; hi&#7879;n ra: li&#7879;u Fed c&#242;n c&#243; th&#7875; c&#7855;t l&#227;i su&#7845;t hay kh&#244;ng?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n I &#8211; Chi&#7871;n tranh v&#224; gi&#225; d&#7847;u:</strong> th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; k&#7871;t c&#7909;c, m&#224; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; th&#7901;i gian c&#7911;a c&#250; s&#7889;c</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n II &#8211; D&#7847;u v&#224; suy tho&#225;i:</strong> khi &#8220;r&#7867; t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7889;i&#8221; v&#7851;n &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; b&#243;p ngh&#7865;t t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n III &#8211; K&#7923; v&#7885;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t:</strong> khi m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; gi&#7919;a oil v&#224; inflation b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u g&#227;y</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n IV &#8211; S&#7921; k&#7871;t th&#250;c c&#7911;a Goldilocks:</strong> khi growth, inflation v&#224; policy kh&#244;ng c&#242;n di chuy&#7875;n c&#249;ng chi&#7873;u</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n V &#8211; SEP v&#224; ph&#226;n ph&#7889;i r&#7911;i ro:</strong> khi &#8220;base case&#8221; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n t&#7891;n t&#7841;i</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VI &#8211; K&#7923; v&#7885;ng l&#227;i su&#7845;t:</strong> khi th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng x&#243;a s&#7841;ch k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n n&#7899;i l&#7887;ng</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VII &#8211; L&#7907;i su&#7845;t ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n:</strong> khi th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng c&#242;n tin v&#224;o kh&#7843; n&#259;ng Fed c&#243; th&#7875; c&#7855;t</p></li></ul>
      <p>
          <a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ap-luc-gia-dau-len-kinh-te-va-chinh">
              Read more
          </a>
      </p>
   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Ghost GDP: AI Làm GDP Tăng Nhưng Xã Hội Nghèo Đi]]></title><description><![CDATA[AI s&#7869; thay th&#7871; hay t&#7841;o ra th&#234;m vi&#7879;c l&#224;m?]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ghost-gdp-ai-lam-gdp-tang-nhung-xa</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ghost-gdp-ai-lam-gdp-tang-nhung-xa</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Tran]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 15 Mar 2026 18:02:10 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rCTy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ede0b37-f3be-4787-90ff-10cb24719fdc_710x1119.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3><strong>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n b&#7887; l&#7905; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t hay nh&#7845;t g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y:</strong></h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/oracle-at-cuoc-tuong-lai-vao-data">Oracle: Gi&#225; N&#224;o Th&#236; V&#224;o &#272;&#432;&#7907;c?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/dong-chay-nang-luong-toan-cau-thang">D&#210;NG CH&#7842;Y N&#258;NG L&#431;&#7906;NG TO&#192;N C&#7846;U TH&#193;NG 3 - 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/cuoc-chien-the-quan-sau-phan-quyet">CU&#7896;C CHI&#7870;N THU&#7870; QUAN SAU PH&#193;N QUY&#7870;T T&#210;A &#193;N</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ki-vong-kinh-te-my-trong-2026">K&#204; V&#7884;NG KINH T&#7870; M&#7928; TRONG 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ai-replacement-trade-hoang-loan-inh">AI Replacement Trade: Ho&#7843;ng Lo&#7841;n &#272;&#7883;nh Gi&#225; Hay Thay &#272;&#7893;i C&#7845;u Tr&#250;c?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/private-credit-khung-hoang-cong-nghe">Private Credit: Kh&#7911;ng Ho&#7843;ng C&#244;ng Ngh&#7879; Ph&#7847;n M&#7873;m</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/nen-kinh-te-tien-te-iran-2026">Kh&#7911;ng Ho&#7843;ng Kinh T&#7871; Iran 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tap-chi-pho-wall-gioi-thieu-dich">T&#7841;p Ch&#237; Ph&#7889; Wall - Gi&#7899;i Thi&#7879;u D&#7883;ch V&#7909; M&#7899;i</a></p></li></ul><blockquote><p>&#8220;Markets are driven by narratives as much as by numbers.&#8221;<br>&#8212; Robert Shiller</p></blockquote><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh &#273;&#244;i khi kh&#244;ng s&#7909;p v&#236; d&#7919; li&#7879;u. Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; m&#7897;t b&#225;o c&#225;o l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n, m&#7897;t quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh l&#227;i su&#7845;t hay m&#7897;t c&#250; s&#7889;c &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;.</p><p>N&#243; s&#7909;p v&#236; m&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n.</p><p>Trong th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i, gi&#225; t&#224;i s&#7843;n kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i. N&#243; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh narrative v&#7873; t&#432;&#417;ng lai &#8212; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n m&#224; nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; tin c&#243; th&#7875; x&#7843;y ra ti&#7871;p theo.</p><p>Cu&#7889;i th&#225;ng 2/2026, Ph&#7889; Wall &#273;&#227; c&#243; m&#7897;t kho&#7843;nh kh&#7855;c nh&#432; v&#7853;y.</p><p>Ng&#224;y 22/2/2026, Citrini Research &#273;&#259;ng m&#7897;t b&#224;i vi&#7871;t d&#224;i h&#417;n 7.000 ch&#7919; tr&#234;n Substack v&#7899;i ti&#234;u &#273;&#7873; <em>&#8220;The 2028 Global Intelligence Crisis.&#8221;</em> B&#224;i vi&#7871;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t forecast truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng m&#224; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vi&#7871;t nh&#432; m&#7897;t memo t&#7915; t&#432;&#417;ng lai: gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh r&#7857;ng &#273;&#7871;n n&#259;m 2028, s&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n qu&#225; nhanh c&#7911;a AI &#273;&#227; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t m&#7897;t chu&#7895;i ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng kinh t&#7871; &#8212; sa th&#7843;i lao &#273;&#7897;ng tri th&#7913;c, ti&#234;u d&#249;ng suy y&#7871;u, c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng t&#237;n d&#7909;ng v&#224; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh m&#7841;nh tr&#234;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rCTy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ede0b37-f3be-4787-90ff-10cb24719fdc_710x1119.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rCTy!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ede0b37-f3be-4787-90ff-10cb24719fdc_710x1119.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rCTy!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ede0b37-f3be-4787-90ff-10cb24719fdc_710x1119.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rCTy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ede0b37-f3be-4787-90ff-10cb24719fdc_710x1119.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rCTy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ede0b37-f3be-4787-90ff-10cb24719fdc_710x1119.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rCTy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ede0b37-f3be-4787-90ff-10cb24719fdc_710x1119.jpeg" width="326" height="513.7943661971831" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9ede0b37-f3be-4787-90ff-10cb24719fdc_710x1119.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1119,&quot;width&quot;:710,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:326,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rCTy!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ede0b37-f3be-4787-90ff-10cb24719fdc_710x1119.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rCTy!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ede0b37-f3be-4787-90ff-10cb24719fdc_710x1119.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rCTy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ede0b37-f3be-4787-90ff-10cb24719fdc_710x1119.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rCTy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9ede0b37-f3be-4787-90ff-10cb24719fdc_710x1119.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>T&#225;c gi&#7843; nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh &#273;&#226;y ch&#7881; l&#224; tail-risk scenario (m&#7897;t k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n <em>r&#7911;i ro c&#7921;c &#273;oan, r&#7845;t &#237;t kh&#7843; n&#259;ng x&#7843;y ra</em>), kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i d&#7921; b&#225;o ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c. Nh&#432;ng ch&#7881; v&#224;i ng&#224;y sau khi b&#224;i vi&#7871;t lan truy&#7873;n, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng. M&#7897;t lo&#7841;t c&#7893; phi&#7871;u ph&#7847;n m&#7873;m v&#224; c&#225;c doanh nghi&#7879;p d&#7877; b&#7883; AI t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng h&#243;a vai tr&#242; trung gian (<em>disintermediate</em>)  &#8212; t&#7915; Salesforce v&#224; Snowflake &#273;&#7871;n Visa v&#224; Mastercard &#8212; ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c b&#225;n, trong khi d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c rotate sang c&#225;c c&#244;ng ty b&#225;n d&#7851;n v&#224; h&#7841; t&#7847;ng AI.</p><p>Citrini kh&#244;ng t&#7841;o ra xu h&#432;&#7899;ng n&#224;y. Nh&#432;ng n&#243; &#273;&#227; l&#224;m m&#7897;t vi&#7879;c quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n: bi&#7871;n m&#7897;t n&#7895;i lo m&#417; h&#7891; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n r&#245; r&#224;ng &#273;&#7875; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225;.</p><p>V&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n &#273;&#243; xoay quanh m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n: N&#7871;u AI th&#7853;t s&#7921; th&#224;nh c&#244;ng, th&#224;nh c&#244;ng &#273;&#243; s&#7869; ch&#7843;y v&#7873; &#273;&#226;u &#8212; v&#224;o ti&#7873;n l&#432;&#417;ng c&#7911;a lao &#273;&#7897;ng hay v&#224;o l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n c&#7911;a v&#7889;n?</p><p>Trong b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#244;m nay, Viethustler s&#7869; &#273;i qua s&#225;u ph&#7847;n:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n I &#8211; C&#417; ch&#7871; trong k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n Citrini:</strong> t&#7915; AI &#8594; sa th&#7843;i lao &#273;&#7897;ng tri th&#7913;c &#8594; ti&#234;u d&#249;ng suy y&#7871;u &#8594; c&#250; s&#7889;c t&#224;i s&#7843;n</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n II &#8211; Citrini Report:</strong> c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n &#8220;Global Intelligence Crisis&#8221; v&#224; v&#236; sao th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng m&#7841;nh</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n III &#8211; Ghost GDP:</strong> khi n&#259;ng su&#7845;t v&#224; l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n t&#259;ng nh&#432;ng thu nh&#7853;p c&#7911;a s&#7889; &#273;&#244;ng kh&#244;ng theo k&#7883;p</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n IV &#8211; Nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#250;ng c&#7911;a k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n Citrini:</strong> c&#225;c r&#7911;i ro c&#7845;u tr&#250;c m&#224; AI c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra, t&#7915; &#225;p l&#7921;c l&#234;n lao &#273;&#7897;ng tri th&#7913;c &#273;&#7871;n kh&#7843; n&#259;ng l&#224;m thay &#273;&#7893;i m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; gi&#7919;a n&#259;ng su&#7845;t, thu nh&#7853;p v&#224; ti&#234;u d&#249;ng.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n V &#8211; Nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7875;m y&#7871;u c&#7911;a k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n Citrini:</strong> ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch, kh&#7843; n&#259;ng th&#237;ch nghi c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng lao &#273;&#7897;ng v&#224; c&#225;c ma s&#225;t trong vi&#7879;c tri&#7875;n khai c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; &#7903; quy m&#244; n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871;.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VI &#8211; C&#226;u h&#7887;i l&#7899;n h&#417;n:</strong> n&#7871;u AI th&#7853;t s&#7921; th&#224;nh c&#244;ng, ph&#7847;n gi&#225; tr&#7883; t&#259;ng th&#234;m c&#7911;a n&#259;ng su&#7845;t s&#7869; ch&#7843;y v&#7873; lao &#273;&#7897;ng hay v&#7873; v&#7889;n.</p></li></ul><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Viet Hustler is a reader-supported publication. 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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[DÒNG CHẢY NĂNG LƯỢNG TOÀN CẦU THÁNG 3 - 2026]]></title><description><![CDATA[Li&#7879;u C&#250; S&#7889;c N&#259;ng L&#432;&#7907;ng T&#7915; Hormuz C&#243; &#272;&#7911; K&#233;o S&#7853;p Kinh T&#7871; To&#224;n C&#7847;u?]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/p/dong-chay-nang-luong-toan-cau-thang</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://viethustler.substack.com/p/dong-chay-nang-luong-toan-cau-thang</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Tran]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 08 Mar 2026 17:38:11 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!li8M!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8162da05-2ca7-42b5-a719-7949f9a0388c_700x394.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3><strong>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n b&#7887; l&#7905; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t hay nh&#7845;t g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y:</strong></h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/cuoc-chien-the-quan-sau-phan-quyet">CU&#7896;C CHI&#7870;N THU&#7870; QUAN SAU PH&#193;N QUY&#7870;T T&#210;A &#193;N</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ki-vong-kinh-te-my-trong-2026">K&#204; V&#7884;NG KINH T&#7870; M&#7928; TRONG 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ai-replacement-trade-hoang-loan-inh">AI Replacement Trade: Ho&#7843;ng Lo&#7841;n &#272;&#7883;nh Gi&#225; Hay Thay &#272;&#7893;i C&#7845;u Tr&#250;c?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/private-credit-khung-hoang-cong-nghe">Private Credit: Kh&#7911;ng Ho&#7843;ng C&#244;ng Ngh&#7879; Ph&#7847;n M&#7873;m</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/nen-kinh-te-tien-te-iran-2026">Kh&#7911;ng Ho&#7843;ng Kinh T&#7871; Iran 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/big-tech-q42025-ai-u-kha-nang-tra">Big Tech Q4/2025: Ai &#272;&#7911; Kh&#7843; N&#259;ng Tr&#7843; $800B CapEx?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tai-sao-trump-chon-kevin-warsh">Kevin Warsh: C&#243; Th&#7853;t L&#224; Di&#7873;u H&#226;u?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tap-chi-pho-wall-gioi-thieu-dich">T&#7841;p Ch&#237; Ph&#7889; Wall - Gi&#7899;i Thi&#7879;u D&#7883;ch V&#7909; M&#7899;i</a></p></li></ul><blockquote><p>&#8220;The Strait of Hormuz is the world&#8217;s most important oil transit chokepoint.&#8221;<br>&#8212; U.S. Energy Information Administration</p></blockquote><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng h&#244;m nay kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; li&#7879;u eo bi&#7875;n Hormuz &#273;&#227; b&#7883; phong t&#7887;a ho&#224;n to&#224;n hay ch&#432;a. C&#226;u h&#7887;i th&#7921;c s&#7921; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n h&#417;n: d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7911;a th&#7871; gi&#7899;i c&#242;n c&#243; th&#7875; di chuy&#7875;n qua &#273;&#243; m&#7897;t c&#225;ch b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng hay kh&#244;ng.</p><p>Trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u, c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i cho c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#243; quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n b&#7845;t k&#7923; tuy&#234;n b&#7889; ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; n&#224;o.</p><p>Eo bi&#7875;n Hormuz t&#7915; l&#226;u &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m ngh&#7869;n chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7847;u m&#7887;. M&#7895;i ng&#224;y, kho&#7843;ng 20 tri&#7879;u th&#249;ng d&#7847;u th&#244; v&#224; s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m d&#7847;u &#8212; t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng g&#7847;n m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n ba l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7847;u v&#7853;n chuy&#7875;n b&#7857;ng &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng bi&#7875;n c&#7911;a th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#8212; &#273;i qua d&#7843;i n&#432;&#7899;c h&#7865;p n&#224;y. C&#249;ng l&#250;c &#273;&#243;, kho&#7843;ng 20% LNG giao d&#7883;ch to&#224;n c&#7847;u c&#361;ng ph&#7843;i r&#7901;i V&#249;ng V&#7883;nh qua tuy&#7871;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng n&#224;y tr&#432;&#7899;c khi &#273;&#7871;n c&#225;c th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#226;u &#193; v&#224; ch&#226;u &#194;u.</p><p>Trong nhi&#7873;u th&#7853;p k&#7927;, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u v&#7853;n h&#224;nh d&#7921;a tr&#234;n m&#7897;t gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh g&#7847;n nh&#432; m&#7863;c &#273;&#7883;nh: Hormuz s&#7869; lu&#244;n m&#7903;.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng cu&#7897;c xung &#273;&#7897;t khu v&#7921;c c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m gi&#225; d&#7847;u t&#259;ng trong ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n, nh&#432;ng d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng v&#7851;n ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c di chuy&#7875;n. C&#225;c t&#224;u ch&#7903; d&#7847;u v&#7851;n r&#7901;i c&#7843;ng. C&#225;c nh&#224; m&#225;y l&#7885;c d&#7847;u v&#7851;n nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ngu&#7891;n cung. V&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7851;n tin r&#7857;ng nh&#7919;ng k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n c&#7921;c &#273;oan &#8212; phong t&#7887;a ho&#224;n to&#224;n eo bi&#7875;n ho&#7863;c t&#7845;n c&#244;ng di&#7879;n r&#7897;ng v&#224;o h&#7841; t&#7847;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng &#8212; s&#7869; kh&#244;ng x&#7843;y ra.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!li8M!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8162da05-2ca7-42b5-a719-7949f9a0388c_700x394.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!li8M!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8162da05-2ca7-42b5-a719-7949f9a0388c_700x394.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!li8M!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8162da05-2ca7-42b5-a719-7949f9a0388c_700x394.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!li8M!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8162da05-2ca7-42b5-a719-7949f9a0388c_700x394.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!li8M!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8162da05-2ca7-42b5-a719-7949f9a0388c_700x394.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!li8M!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8162da05-2ca7-42b5-a719-7949f9a0388c_700x394.jpeg" width="700" height="394" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8162da05-2ca7-42b5-a719-7949f9a0388c_700x394.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:394,&quot;width&quot;:700,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!li8M!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8162da05-2ca7-42b5-a719-7949f9a0388c_700x394.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!li8M!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8162da05-2ca7-42b5-a719-7949f9a0388c_700x394.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!li8M!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8162da05-2ca7-42b5-a719-7949f9a0388c_700x394.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!li8M!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8162da05-2ca7-42b5-a719-7949f9a0388c_700x394.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Cu&#7897;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i &#273;ang l&#224;m gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#243; lung lay.</p><p>C&#225;c cu&#7897;c t&#7845;n c&#244;ng b&#7857;ng drone v&#224; t&#234;n l&#7917;a nh&#7857;m v&#224;o h&#7841; t&#7847;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng, c&#225;c c&#7843;nh b&#225;o qu&#226;n s&#7921; t&#7915; Iran, c&#249;ng v&#7899;i s&#7921; r&#250;t lui c&#7911;a nhi&#7873;u h&#227;ng b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m h&#224;ng h&#7843;i &#273;&#227; t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t: eo bi&#7875;n c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#432;a b&#7883; &#273;&#243;ng v&#7873; m&#7863;t qu&#226;n s&#7921;, nh&#432;ng d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i qua &#273;&#243; &#273;ang b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#234; li&#7879;t.</p><p>Trong nhi&#7873;u tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p, m&#7897;t tuy&#7871;n v&#7853;n t&#7843;i chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i b&#7883; phong t&#7887;a v&#7853;t l&#253; &#273;&#7875; ng&#7915;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng. Ch&#7881; c&#7847;n r&#7911;i ro &#273;&#7911; l&#7899;n &#273;&#7875; c&#225;c t&#224;u kh&#244;ng c&#242;n s&#7861;n s&#224;ng &#273;i qua.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u khi&#7871;n t&#236;nh h&#236;nh tr&#7903; n&#234;n nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n l&#224; cu&#7897;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i &#7903; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m ngh&#7869;n v&#7853;n t&#7843;i. C&#225;c cu&#7897;c t&#7845;n c&#244;ng v&#224;o h&#7841; t&#7847;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng, s&#7921; gi&#225;n &#273;o&#7841;n c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m h&#224;ng h&#7843;i v&#224; c&#250; s&#7889;c &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng LNG to&#224;n c&#7847;u &#273;ang di&#7877;n ra g&#7847;n nh&#432; &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i. Khi nhi&#7873;u m&#7855;t x&#237;ch c&#7911;a chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng b&#7883; t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng c&#249;ng l&#250;c, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#243; th&#7875; m&#7845;t c&#226;n b&#7857;ng nhanh h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p>Tho&#7841;t nh&#236;n, nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;ang x&#7843;y ra c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n nh&#432; m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c leo thang &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; t&#7841;i Trung &#272;&#244;ng. Nh&#432;ng c&#225;ch nh&#236;n &#273;&#243; b&#7887; qua m&#7897;t y&#7871;u t&#7889; quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n: &#273;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; chi&#7871;n tranh hay gi&#225; d&#7847;u. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u &#8212; m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng tr&#234;n gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh r&#7857;ng c&#225;c tuy&#7871;n v&#7853;n t&#7843;i chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c lu&#244;n ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng.</p><p>Khi gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#243; b&#7883; ph&#225; v&#7905;, t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n tr&#234;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7847;u m&#7887;. N&#243; lan sang v&#7853;n t&#7843;i bi&#7875;n, b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m h&#224;ng h&#7843;i, LNG logistics, l&#7841;m ph&#225;t v&#224; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng l&#224; ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879;.</p><p>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng Hormuz d&#432;&#7899;i g&#243;c nh&#236;n &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n r&#7857;ng gi&#225; d&#7847;u s&#7869; t&#259;ng bao nhi&#234;u. Thay v&#224;o &#273;&#243;, m&#7909;c ti&#234;u l&#224; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch c&#417; ch&#7871; m&#224; m&#7897;t c&#250; s&#7889;c &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; c&#243; th&#7875; lan truy&#7873;n qua to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u: t&#7915; h&#7841; t&#7847;ng d&#7847;u kh&#237;, v&#7853;n t&#7843;i bi&#7875;n v&#224; b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m, &#273;&#7871;n LNG, l&#7841;m ph&#225;t v&#224; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch.</p><p>Trong b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#244;m nay, Viethustler s&#7869; &#273;i qua t&#225;m ph&#7847;n:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n I &#8211; Hormuz: chi&#7871;c van n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7911;a n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; to&#224;n c&#7847;u</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n II &#8211; C&#250; s&#7889;c th&#7913; nh&#7845;t: d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng b&#7883; ngh&#7869;n</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n III &#8211; C&#250; s&#7889;c th&#7913; hai: b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m v&#7853;n t&#7843;i bi&#7875;n</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n IV &#8211; C&#250; s&#7889;c th&#7913; ba: LNG &#8211; m&#7855;t x&#237;ch d&#7877; g&#227;y nh&#7845;t</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n V &#8211; &#7842;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng v&#297; m&#244;: n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng, l&#7841;m ph&#225;t v&#224; t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VI &#8211; Khu v&#7921;c ch&#7883;u t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng: ch&#226;u &#193;, ch&#226;u &#194;u v&#224; M&#7929;</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VII &#8211; T&#7915; b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m t&#224;u qua Hormuz &#273;&#7871;n tham v&#7885;ng t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c h&#224;ng h&#7843;i c&#7911;a M&#7929;</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VIII &#8211; &#221; ngh&#297;a l&#7899;n h&#417;n: khi logistics to&#224;n c&#7847;u b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u thay &#273;&#7893;i</strong></p></li></ul><p>Khi m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o m&#7897;t v&#224;i tuy&#7871;n v&#7853;n t&#7843;i chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c, r&#7911;i ro l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; vi&#7879;c d&#7847;u bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t. R&#7911;i ro l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t l&#224; khi d&#7847;u v&#7851;n t&#7891;n t&#7841;i &#8212; nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng th&#7875; di chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7871;n n&#417;i c&#7847;n ti&#234;u th&#7909;.</p><p>V&#224; trong nh&#7919;ng th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m nh&#432; v&#7853;y, &#273;i&#7873;u th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; gi&#225; d&#7847;u. &#272;&#243; l&#224; to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#7911;a d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Viet Hustler is a reader-supported publication. 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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[CUỘC CHIẾN THUẾ QUAN SAU PHÁN QUYẾT TÒA ÁN]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#8220;Our task today is to decide only whether the power to &#8216;regulate &#8230; importation,&#8217; as granted to the president in IEEPA, embraces the power to impose tariffs.]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/p/cuoc-chien-the-quan-sau-phan-quyet</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://viethustler.substack.com/p/cuoc-chien-the-quan-sau-phan-quyet</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Tran]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 01 Mar 2026 19:17:24 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9a1ca44a-8568-4572-8868-80894ea773cf_1134x850.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n b&#7887; l&#7905; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t hay nh&#7845;t g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y:</h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ki-vong-kinh-te-my-trong-2026">K&#204; V&#7884;NG KINH T&#7870; M&#7928; TRONG 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ca-map-mua-gi-trong-q42025">C&#225; M&#7853;p Mua G&#236; Trong Q4/2025?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ai-replacement-trade-hoang-loan-inh">AI Replacement Trade: Ho&#7843;ng Lo&#7841;n &#272;&#7883;nh Gi&#225; Hay Thay &#272;&#7893;i C&#7845;u Tr&#250;c?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/private-credit-khung-hoang-cong-nghe">Private Credit: Kh&#7911;ng Ho&#7843;ng C&#244;ng Ngh&#7879; Ph&#7847;n M&#7873;m</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/nen-kinh-te-tien-te-iran-2026">Kh&#7911;ng Ho&#7843;ng Kinh T&#7871; Iran 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/big-tech-q42025-ai-u-kha-nang-tra">Big Tech Q4/2025: Ai &#272;&#7911; Kh&#7843; N&#259;ng Tr&#7843; $800B CapEx?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tai-sao-trump-chon-kevin-warsh">Kevin Warsh: C&#243; Th&#7853;t L&#224; Di&#7873;u H&#226;u?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tap-chi-pho-wall-gioi-thieu-dich">T&#7841;p Ch&#237; Ph&#7889; Wall - Gi&#7899;i Thi&#7879;u D&#7883;ch V&#7909; M&#7899;i</a></p></li></ul><blockquote><p>&#8220;Our task today is to decide only whether the power to &#8216;regulate &#8230; importation,&#8217; as granted to the president in IEEPA, embraces the power to impose tariffs. It does not.&#8221; </p><p>T&#242;a h&#244;m nay kh&#244;ng tranh lu&#7853;n v&#7873; l&#7907;i &#237;ch kinh t&#7871; c&#7911;a thu&#7871;. T&#242;a ch&#7881; tr&#7843; l&#7901;i m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i hi&#7871;n &#273;&#7883;nh: quy&#7873;n &#273;&#243; c&#243; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i hay kh&#244;ng.</p><p><br><em>&#8212; Chief Justice John Roberts</em></p></blockquote><p>C&#243; nh&#7919;ng quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7911;a T&#7889;i cao Ph&#225;p vi&#7879;n kh&#244;ng l&#224;m thay &#273;&#7893;i m&#7913;c thu&#7871; ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c, nh&#432;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#225;ch quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#226;n b&#7893;. V&#224; trong n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i, thay &#273;&#7893;i quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c th&#432;&#7901;ng quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n thay &#273;&#7893;i con s&#7889;.</p><p>Th&#225;ng 2/2026, T&#7889;i cao Ph&#225;p vi&#7879;n M&#7929; ch&#7863;n vi&#7879;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng IEEPA &#273;&#7875; &#225;p thu&#7871; quan di&#7879;n r&#7897;ng. B&#7873; m&#7863;t c&#7911;a c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7889;i &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n: m&#7897;t c&#244;ng c&#7909; ph&#225;p l&#253; b&#7883; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n. Thu&#7871; v&#7851;n t&#7891;n t&#7841;i. H&#224;ng h&#243;a v&#7851;n b&#7883; &#273;&#225;nh thu&#7871;. Doanh nghi&#7879;p v&#7851;n t&#237;nh to&#225;n l&#7841;i chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng. Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng c&#7845;u tr&#250;c b&#234;n d&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#227; d&#7883;ch chuy&#7875;n.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rpse!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f21f6e-0124-4d63-b69a-9dbb736e9420_700x394.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rpse!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f21f6e-0124-4d63-b69a-9dbb736e9420_700x394.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rpse!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f21f6e-0124-4d63-b69a-9dbb736e9420_700x394.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rpse!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f21f6e-0124-4d63-b69a-9dbb736e9420_700x394.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rpse!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f21f6e-0124-4d63-b69a-9dbb736e9420_700x394.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rpse!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f21f6e-0124-4d63-b69a-9dbb736e9420_700x394.jpeg" width="700" height="394" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c0f21f6e-0124-4d63-b69a-9dbb736e9420_700x394.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:394,&quot;width&quot;:700,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rpse!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f21f6e-0124-4d63-b69a-9dbb736e9420_700x394.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rpse!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f21f6e-0124-4d63-b69a-9dbb736e9420_700x394.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rpse!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f21f6e-0124-4d63-b69a-9dbb736e9420_700x394.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rpse!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0f21f6e-0124-4d63-b69a-9dbb736e9420_700x394.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Thu&#7871; quan trong nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m v&#7915;a r&#7891;i kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i. N&#243; l&#224; &#273;&#242;n b&#7849;y &#273;&#224;m ph&#225;n v&#7899;i Trung Qu&#7889;c v&#224; EU. N&#243; l&#224; c&#244;ng c&#7909; g&#226;y s&#7913;c &#233;p v&#7899;i Canada v&#224; Mexico. N&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t ngu&#7891;n thu t&#224;i kh&#243;a t&#259;ng nhanh trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh th&#226;m h&#7909;t cao. V&#224; quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n, n&#243; l&#224; c&#417; ch&#7871; cho ph&#233;p h&#224;nh ph&#225;p ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng nhanh m&#224; kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n Qu&#7889;c h&#7897;i.</p><p><em><strong>Ph&#225;n quy&#7871;t l&#7847;n n&#224;y kh&#244;ng l&#224;m bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t thu&#7871;. N&#243; l&#224;m suy y&#7871;u c&#417; ch&#7871; t&#7915;ng cho ph&#233;p thu&#7871; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t c&#244;ng c&#7909; g&#7847;n nh&#432; linh ho&#7841;t v&#244; h&#7841;n.</strong></em></p><p>Trong c&#225;c m&#244; h&#236;nh ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng, thu&#7871; quan &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#236;n nh&#432; m&#7897;t bi&#7871;n s&#7889; th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i: t&#259;ng &#273;&#7875; b&#7843;o h&#7897;, gi&#7843;m &#273;&#7875; k&#237;ch th&#237;ch. Nh&#432;ng trong c&#7845;u h&#236;nh hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, thu&#7871; &#273;&#227; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a c&#7845;u tr&#250;c quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c v&#224; t&#224;i kh&#243;a. Khi c&#417; ch&#7871; &#225;p thu&#7871; thay &#273;&#7893;i, t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng kh&#244;ng d&#7915;ng &#7903; c&#225;n c&#226;n th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i. N&#243; lan sang ng&#226;n s&#225;ch, tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u v&#224; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; r&#7911;i ro ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch.</p><p>Tho&#7841;t nh&#236;n, nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;ang di&#7877;n ra c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7885;c nh&#432; m&#7897;t tranh ch&#7845;p k&#7929; thu&#7853;t v&#7873; th&#7849;m quy&#7873;n. Nh&#432;ng c&#225;ch nh&#236;n &#273;&#243; b&#7887; qua m&#7897;t y&#7871;u t&#7889; c&#7889;t l&#245;i: &#273;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; m&#7913;c thu&#7871;. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c trong m&#7897;t chu k&#7923; h&#7853;u to&#224;n c&#7847;u h&#243;a, n&#417;i th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i, t&#224;i kh&#243;a v&#224; &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; &#273;&#227; h&#242;a l&#224;m m&#7897;t.</p><p>Khi thu&#7871; quan tr&#7903; th&#224;nh ngu&#7891;n thu h&#224;ng tr&#259;m t&#7927; USD; khi n&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#249;ng nh&#432; c&#244;ng c&#7909; ngo&#7841;i giao; v&#224; khi n&#243; t&#7853;p trung quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c v&#224;o h&#224;nh ph&#225;p th&#244;ng qua c&#417; ch&#7871; <strong>&#8220;kh&#7849;n c&#7845;p&#8221;</strong> &#8211; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh theo m&#7897;t logic m&#7899;i. Ph&#225;n quy&#7871;t c&#7911;a T&#242;a kh&#244;ng l&#224;m h&#7879; th&#7889;ng g&#227;y. Nh&#432;ng n&#243; bu&#7897;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ph&#7843;i t&#225;i c&#226;n b&#7857;ng.</p><p>Trong tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i &#273;&#243;, r&#7911;i ro kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; vi&#7879;c thu&#7871; t&#259;ng hay gi&#7843;m v&#224;i &#273;i&#7875;m ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m. R&#7911;i ro &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; vi&#7879;c th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; l&#7841;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c: thu&#7871; c&#243; c&#242;n l&#224; ngu&#7891;n thu &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh? Qu&#7889;c h&#7897;i s&#7869; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng ra sao? C&#225;c c&#244;ng c&#7909; thay th&#7871; nh&#432; Section 122, 232 hay 301 s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tri&#7875;n khai &#7903; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; n&#224;o? V&#224; n&#7871;u $200 t&#7927; thu&#7871; &#273;&#227; thu tr&#7903; th&#224;nh bi&#7871;n s&#7889; ph&#225;p l&#253;, qu&#7929; &#273;&#7841;o t&#224;i kh&#243;a s&#7869; thay &#273;&#7893;i th&#7871; n&#224;o?</p><p>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; d&#432;&#7899;i g&#243;c nh&#236;n &#8220;thu&#7871; cao hay th&#7845;p&#8221; theo ngh&#297;a nh&#7883; ph&#226;n. M&#7909;c ti&#234;u l&#224; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch c&#7845;u tr&#250;c m&#7899;i c&#7911;a quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i M&#7929;: c&#417; ch&#7871; n&#224;o &#273;&#227; b&#7883; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n, c&#244;ng c&#7909; n&#224;o c&#242;n l&#7841;i, t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng t&#224;i kh&#243;a, kinh t&#7871; ra sao, v&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7869; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng th&#7871; n&#224;o khi c&#417; ch&#7871; thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p><p>Trong b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#244;m nay, Viethustler s&#7869; &#273;i qua b&#7843;y ph&#7847;n:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n I &#8211;</strong> Thu&#7871; quan nh&#432; m&#7897;t tr&#7909; c&#7897;t t&#224;i kh&#243;a ng&#7847;m</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n II &#8211;</strong> Ph&#225;n quy&#7871;t v&#224; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n h&#224;nh ph&#225;p</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n III &#8211;</strong> Nh&#7919;ng c&#244;ng c&#7909; thay th&#7871;: Section 122, 232 v&#224; 301</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n IV &#8211;</strong> Canada, Trung Qu&#7889;c - K&#7867; th&#7855;ng, ng&#432;&#7901;i thua t&#7915; ph&#225;n quy&#7871;t</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n V &#8211;</strong> Refund $200 t&#7927; v&#224; r&#7911;i ro t&#224;i kh&#243;a</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VI &#8211;</strong> &#7842;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng v&#297; m&#244;: tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u, l&#7841;m ph&#225;t v&#224; sentiment</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VII &#8211;</strong> Ba k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n ph&#237;a tr&#432;&#7899;c v&#224; nh&#7853;n &#273;&#7883;nh</p></li></ul><p>K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a b&#224;i vi&#7871;t nh&#7857;m ch&#7881; ra m&#7897;t quy lu&#7853;t &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n nh&#432;ng quan tr&#7885;ng: khi m&#7897;t c&#244;ng c&#7909; v&#7915;a t&#7841;o doanh thu, v&#7915;a t&#7841;o &#273;&#242;n b&#7849;y &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;, v&#7915;a t&#7853;p trung quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c b&#7883; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n l&#7841;i, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng kh&#244;ng s&#7909;p ngay &#8212; nh&#432;ng c&#225;ch th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; r&#7911;i ro s&#7869; thay &#273;&#7893;i. V&#224; m&#7895;i l&#7847;n c&#417; ch&#7871; thay &#273;&#7893;i, c&#7845;u tr&#250;c t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#361;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i theo.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Viet Hustler is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[KÌ VỌNG KINH TẾ MỸ TRONG 2026]]></title><description><![CDATA[K&#7883;ch b&#7843;n suy tho&#225;i l&#224; bao nhi&#234;u %?]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ki-vong-kinh-te-my-trong-2026</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ki-vong-kinh-te-my-trong-2026</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Tran]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 22 Feb 2026 19:43:53 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b6368909-07e1-4a59-9593-57e34e27f142_700x394.avif" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n b&#7887; l&#7905; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t hay nh&#7845;t g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y:</h3><ul><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ca-map-mua-gi-trong-q42025">C&#225; M&#7853;p Mua G&#236; Trong Q4/2025?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ai-replacement-trade-hoang-loan-inh">AI Replacement Trade: Ho&#7843;ng Lo&#7841;n &#272;&#7883;nh Gi&#225; Hay Thay &#272;&#7893;i C&#7845;u Tr&#250;c?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/private-credit-khung-hoang-cong-nghe">Private Credit: Kh&#7911;ng Ho&#7843;ng C&#244;ng Ngh&#7879; Ph&#7847;n M&#7873;m</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/nen-kinh-te-tien-te-iran-2026">Kh&#7911;ng Ho&#7843;ng Kinh T&#7871; Iran 2026</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/big-tech-q42025-ai-u-kha-nang-tra">Big Tech Q4/2025: Ai &#272;&#7911; Kh&#7843; N&#259;ng Tr&#7843; $800B CapEx?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tai-sao-trump-chon-kevin-warsh">Kevin Warsh: C&#243; Th&#7853;t L&#224; Di&#7873;u H&#226;u?</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/tap-chi-pho-wall-gioi-thieu-dich">T&#7841;p Ch&#237; Ph&#7889; Wall - Gi&#7899;i Thi&#7879;u D&#7883;ch V&#7909; M&#7899;i</a></p></li></ul><blockquote><p><strong>&#8220;Nothing so undermines your financial judgment as the sight of your neighbor getting rich.&#8221;</strong><br>&#8212; <em>J.P. Morgan</em></p></blockquote><p>C&#243; nh&#7919;ng n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; kh&#244;ng r&#417;i v&#224;o suy tho&#225;i v&#236; m&#7897;t c&#250; s&#7889;c t&#224;i ch&#237;nh t&#7913;c th&#7901;i, c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng g&#227;y v&#236; GDP &#226;m hai qu&#253; li&#234;n ti&#7871;p. Ch&#250;ng tr&#7903; n&#234;n nguy hi&#7875;m theo m&#7897;t c&#225;ch kh&#225;c: &#273;&#7897;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng kinh t&#7871; suy y&#7871;u d&#7847;n trong khi c&#225;c tr&#7909; ch&#237;nh v&#7851;n &#273;&#7913;ng v&#7919;ng b&#7873; m&#7863;t. T&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng c&#242;n d&#432;&#417;ng. Th&#7845;t nghi&#7879;p ch&#432;a b&#7853;t m&#7841;nh. Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n v&#7851;n gi&#7919; l&#7921;c. Nh&#432;ng c&#7845;u tr&#250;c b&#234;n d&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#227; m&#7887;ng h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i hai n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c.</p><p>N&#432;&#7899;c M&#7929; n&#259;m 2026 kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7913;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c m&#7897;t &#8220;kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng&#8221; theo ngh&#297;a quen thu&#7897;c. Doanh thu doanh nghi&#7879;p ch&#432;a s&#7909;p. H&#7879; th&#7889;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng m&#7845;t thanh kho&#7843;n. Yield curve &#273;&#227; b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng h&#243;a. Sahm Rule ch&#432;a k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t. Nh&#432;ng c&#417; ch&#7871; t&#7915;ng cho ph&#233;p t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng t&#7921; khu&#7871;ch &#273;&#7841;i qua v&#242;ng xo&#225;y thu nh&#7853;p &#8211; ti&#234;u d&#249;ng &#8211; vi&#7879;c l&#224;m kh&#244;ng c&#242;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh v&#7899;i c&#249;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897;.</p><p><strong>Trong c&#225;c m&#244; h&#236;nh chu k&#7923; chu&#7849;n, suy tho&#225;i th&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m g&#227;y r&#245; r&#224;ng</strong>: c&#7847;u s&#7909;p, t&#237;n d&#7909;ng &#273;&#243;ng b&#259;ng, ho&#7863;c th&#7845;t nghi&#7879;p t&#259;ng t&#7889;c. Nh&#432;ng trong c&#7845;u h&#236;nh hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, &#273;i&#7875;m y&#7871;u xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n s&#7899;m h&#417;n v&#224; &#226;m th&#7847;m h&#417;n: &#7903; &#273;&#7897; r&#7897;ng thu nh&#7853;p, &#7903; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c ph&#226;n b&#7893; ti&#234;u d&#249;ng, v&#224; &#7903; s&#7921; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c ng&#224;y c&#224;ng l&#7899;n v&#224;o m&#7897;t tr&#7909; v&#7889;n th&#226;m d&#7909;ng &#8211; <em>AI capex (&#273;&#7847;u t&#432; t&#432; nh&#226;n v&#224;o tr&#237; tu&#7879; nh&#226;n t&#7841;o)</em>.</p><p>Tho&#7841;t nh&#236;n, nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;ang di&#7877;n ra c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c quy v&#7873; &#8220;gi&#7843;m t&#7889;c h&#7853;u k&#237;ch th&#237;ch&#8221;, &#8220;l&#7841;m ph&#225;t h&#7841; nhi&#7879;t ch&#7853;m&#8221;, hay &#8220;Fed gi&#7919; l&#227;i su&#7845;t cao v&#224; l&#226;u h&#417;n&#8221;. Nh&#432;ng c&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#243; b&#7887; qua y&#7871;u t&#7889; c&#7889;t l&#245;i: &#273;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t chu k&#7923; t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng c&#226;n b&#7857;ng. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#7903; <em><strong>stall speed</strong></em> &#8211; n&#417;i t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng v&#7851;n d&#432;&#417;ng nh&#7901; c&#225;c tr&#7909; t&#7853;p trung, trong khi c&#7847;u di&#7879;n r&#7897;ng ng&#224;y c&#224;ng m&#7887;ng.</p><p>Khi ti&#234;u d&#249;ng ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o nh&#243;m thu nh&#7853;p cao v&#224; wealth effect; khi SME (c&#225;c doanh nghi&#7879;p v&#7915;a v&#224; nh&#7887;) ch&#7883;u si&#7871;t t&#237;n d&#7909;ng trong im l&#7863;ng; khi l&#7841;m ph&#225;t ch&#432;a h&#7841; &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; m&#7903; kh&#243;a ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch; v&#224; khi capex AI thay th&#7871; c&#7847;u lao &#273;&#7897;ng b&#7857;ng c&#7847;u v&#7889;n &#8211; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng kh&#244;ng g&#227;y ngay. Nh&#432;ng n&#243; m&#7845;t kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#7921; khu&#7871;ch &#273;&#7841;i.</p><p>Trong tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i &#273;&#243;, suy tho&#225;i kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u b&#7857;ng m&#7897;t c&#250; s&#7889;c l&#7899;n. N&#243; ch&#7881; c&#7847;n m&#7897;t tr&#7909; m&#7845;t l&#7921;c trong khi c&#225;c tr&#7909; c&#242;n l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7911; r&#7897;ng &#273;&#7875; b&#249; &#273;&#7855;p. Stall speed kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7891;ng ngh&#297;a v&#7899;i an to&#224;n. N&#243; ch&#7881; c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;ang bay s&#225;t m&#7863;t &#273;&#7845;t h&#417;n b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n kinh t&#7871; M&#7929; d&#432;&#7899;i g&#243;c nh&#236;n &#8220;c&#243; suy tho&#225;i hay kh&#244;ng&#8221; theo ngh&#297;a nh&#7883; ph&#226;n. M&#7909;c ti&#234;u l&#224; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch c&#7845;u tr&#250;c hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i c&#7911;a chu k&#7923;: nh&#7919;ng tr&#7909; n&#224;o &#273;ang gi&#7919; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng, nh&#7919;ng k&#234;nh truy&#7873;n d&#7851;n n&#224;o &#273;&#227; m&#7887;ng &#273;i, v&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; c&#243; th&#7875; bi&#7871;n gi&#7843;m t&#7889;c th&#224;nh co r&#250;t lan r&#7897;ng.</p><p>Trong b&#224;i vi&#7871;t ng&#224;y h&#244;m nay, Viethustler s&#7869; &#273;i qua b&#7843;y ph&#7847;n sau:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n I &#8211;</strong> N&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; &#7903; tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i stall speed</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n II &#8211;</strong> K-shaped economy v&#224; s&#7921; m&#7887;ng &#273;i c&#7911;a c&#7847;u di&#7879;n r&#7897;ng</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n III &#8211;</strong> Capex AI: tr&#7909; &#273;&#7905; th&#7847;m l&#7863;ng c&#7911;a chu k&#7923;</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n IV &#8211;</strong> Ba m&#7891;i n&#7893; c&#243; th&#7875; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t suy tho&#225;i</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n V &#8211;</strong> C&#225;c ch&#7881; b&#225;o d&#7851;n d&#7855;t: c&#225;i n&#224;o &#273;&#7887;, c&#225;i n&#224;o ch&#432;a</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VI &#8211;</strong> Ba k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n v&#224; x&#225;c su&#7845;t</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VII &#8211;</strong> Nh&#7853;n &#273;&#7883;nh c&#225; nh&#226;n v&#224; k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n</p></li></ul><p>K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a b&#224;i vi&#7871;t kh&#244;ng nh&#7857;m d&#7921; b&#225;o m&#7897;t c&#250; s&#7853;p h&#7879; th&#7889;ng. N&#243; nh&#7857;m ch&#7881; ra m&#7897;t quy lu&#7853;t &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n nh&#432;ng quan tr&#7885;ng: khi t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o c&#225;c tr&#7909; h&#7865;p thay v&#236; n&#7873;n thu nh&#7853;p r&#7897;ng, r&#7911;i ro kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; s&#7921; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; &#273;&#7897;t ng&#7897;t &#8212; m&#224; t&#7915; vi&#7879;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#7911; d&#432; &#273;&#7883;a &#273;&#7875; h&#7845;p th&#7909; c&#250; s&#7889;c ti&#7871;p theo.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Viet Hustler is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>
      <p>
          <a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ki-vong-kinh-te-my-trong-2026">
              Read more
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   ]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Private Credit: Khủng Hoảng Công Nghệ Phần Mềm]]></title><description><![CDATA[Khi &#272;&#242;n B&#7849;y G&#7863;p Duration Reset]]></description><link>https://viethustler.substack.com/p/private-credit-khung-hoang-cong-nghe</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://viethustler.substack.com/p/private-credit-khung-hoang-cong-nghe</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Tran]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 15 Feb 2026 21:32:38 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iHwA!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8574d062-2bbb-42d3-af71-53849ab94261_1440x810.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>&#8220;When the facts change, I change my mind. What do you do?&#8221;<br>&#8212; John Maynard Keynes</p></blockquote><p>C&#243; nh&#7919;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh v&#236; l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n s&#7909;t gi&#7843;m, c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng s&#7909;p v&#236; m&#7897;t c&#250; s&#7889;c c&#7847;u t&#7913;c th&#7901;i. Ch&#250;ng t&#225;i &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; theo m&#7897;t c&#225;ch nguy hi&#7875;m h&#417;n: ph&#7847;n t&#432;&#417;ng lai b&#7883; r&#250;t l&#7841;i tr&#432;&#7899;c khi hi&#7879;n th&#7921;c k&#7883;p x&#7845;u &#273;i.</p><p>T&#236;nh h&#236;nh c&#225;c c&#7893; phi&#7871;u software n&#259;m 2026 kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7913;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c m&#7897;t &#8220;kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng&#8221; theo ngh&#297;a quen thu&#7897;c. Doanh thu c&#7911;a nhi&#7873;u doanh nghi&#7879;p v&#7851;n t&#259;ng. EBITDA v&#7851;n d&#432;&#417;ng. Guidance ch&#432;a s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893;. Nh&#432;ng c&#417; ch&#7871; t&#7915;ng cho ph&#233;p th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#7843; 10&#8211;12x revenue v&#224; 25&#8211;30x EBITDA &#273;&#227; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh v&#7899;i c&#249;ng logic.</p><p>Trong c&#225;c m&#244; h&#236;nh &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; chu&#7849;n, &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng, t&#7915; suy gi&#7843;m l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n, ho&#7863;c t&#7915; th&#7855;t ch&#7863;t t&#237;n d&#7909;ng. Nh&#432;ng &#7903; &#273;&#226;y, &#273;i&#7875;m g&#227;y xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n s&#7899;m h&#417;n: &#7903; duration c&#7911;a cash flow, &#7903; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n c&#7911;a retention, v&#224; &#7903; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng neo terminal value trong m&#7897;t m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng n&#417;i AI m&#7903; r&#7897;ng bi&#234;n &#273;&#7897; k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n.</p><p>Tho&#7841;t nh&#236;n, nh&#7919;ng g&#236; di&#7877;n ra c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c quy v&#7873; &#8220;rotation sang AI&#8221;, &#8220;multiple compression do l&#227;i su&#7845;t&#8221;, hay &#8220;t&#226;m l&#253; risk-off&#8221;. Nh&#432;ng c&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#243; b&#7887; qua y&#7871;u t&#7889; c&#7889;t l&#245;i: &#273;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng nh&#7845;t th&#7901;i c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; k&#7871;t c&#7909;c c&#7911;a m&#7897;t c&#7845;u tr&#250;c chi&#7871;t kh&#7845;u &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i t&#7915; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi AI th&#7921;c s&#7921; l&#224;m gi&#7843;m doanh thu c&#7911;a b&#7845;t k&#7923; ai.</p><p>Khi discount rate d&#432;&#417;ng tr&#7903; l&#7841;i v&#224; term premium kh&#244;ng c&#242;n b&#7883; n&#233;n, duration d&#224;i kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chi&#7871;t kh&#7845;u tuy&#7871;n t&#237;nh. Khi AI l&#224;m retention v&#224; pricing unit tr&#7903; th&#224;nh bi&#7871;n ng&#7851;u nhi&#234;n thay v&#236; h&#7857;ng s&#7889;, multiple kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; ph&#7847;n th&#432;&#7903;ng cho t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng, m&#224; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh ph&#233;p th&#7917; c&#7911;a &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iHwA!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8574d062-2bbb-42d3-af71-53849ab94261_1440x810.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iHwA!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8574d062-2bbb-42d3-af71-53849ab94261_1440x810.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iHwA!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8574d062-2bbb-42d3-af71-53849ab94261_1440x810.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iHwA!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8574d062-2bbb-42d3-af71-53849ab94261_1440x810.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iHwA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8574d062-2bbb-42d3-af71-53849ab94261_1440x810.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iHwA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8574d062-2bbb-42d3-af71-53849ab94261_1440x810.jpeg" width="1440" height="810" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8574d062-2bbb-42d3-af71-53849ab94261_1440x810.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:810,&quot;width&quot;:1440,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iHwA!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8574d062-2bbb-42d3-af71-53849ab94261_1440x810.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iHwA!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8574d062-2bbb-42d3-af71-53849ab94261_1440x810.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iHwA!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8574d062-2bbb-42d3-af71-53849ab94261_1440x810.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iHwA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8574d062-2bbb-42d3-af71-53849ab94261_1440x810.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Trong tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i &#273;&#243;, sell-off kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i earnings x&#7845;u. N&#243; l&#224; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i s&#7921; m&#7845;t neo c&#7911;a terminal value. Spread b&#7883; k&#233;o c&#259;ng kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n default &#273;&#7875; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u. Net Asset Value (NAV) kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ph&#225; s&#7843;n &#273;&#7875; b&#7883; markdown. V&#224; leverage kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n s&#7909;t gi&#7843;m &#273;&#7875; m&#7845;t v&#249;ng &#273;&#7879;m.</p><p>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n software d&#432;&#7899;i g&#243;c nh&#236;n m&#7897;t ng&#224;nh c&#244;ng ngh&#7879;. C&#361;ng kh&#244;ng ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n AI nh&#432; m&#7897;t l&#224;n s&#243;ng t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng thu&#7847;n t&#250;y. M&#7909;c ti&#234;u l&#224; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch c&#225;ch m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh &#273;&#227; x&#226;y d&#7921;ng Internal Rate of Return (IRR) tr&#234;n duration d&#224;i c&#7911;a d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n v&#244; h&#236;nh &#8212; v&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; x&#7843;y ra khi duration &#273;&#243; b&#7883; nghi ng&#7901;.</p><p>Trong b&#224;i vi&#7871;t ng&#224;y h&#244;m nay, Viethustler s&#7869; &#273;i qua b&#7843;y ph&#7847;n sau:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n I &#8211;</strong> &#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i sell-off, m&#224; l&#224; t&#225;i &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n II &#8211;</strong> Private equity: &#272;&#242;n b&#7849;y g&#7863;p tr&#7903; ng&#7841;i</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n III &#8211;</strong> Private credit: &#272;i&#7875;m y&#7871;u nh&#7845;t trong c&#7897;t tr&#7909; AI</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n IV &#8211;</strong> Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7913;ng ngo&#224;i cu&#7897;c</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n V &#8211;</strong> Ngh&#7883;ch l&#253; AI: AI c&#7847;n credit, nh&#432;ng credit &#273;ang n&#7857;m &#7903; software</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VI &#8211;</strong> Duration collapse v&#224; h&#7879; qu&#7843; v&#297; m&#244;</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n VII &#8211;</strong> Ba k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n v&#297; m&#244;</p></li></ul><p>K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n kh&#244;ng nh&#7857;m d&#7921; b&#225;o &#8220;software s&#7869; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893;&#8221; hay AI s&#7869; l&#224;m th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7843;o chi&#7873;u theo h&#432;&#7899;ng n&#224;o. N&#243; nh&#7857;m ch&#7881; ra m&#7897;t quy lu&#7853;t mang t&#237;nh h&#7879; th&#7889;ng: khi t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; d&#7921;a tr&#234;n &#273;&#7897; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n c&#7911;a t&#432;&#417;ng lai, s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i trong c&#417; ch&#7871; chi&#7871;t kh&#7845;u s&#7869; truy&#7873;n qua to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c &#273;&#242;n b&#7849;y tr&#432;&#7899;c khi l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i th&#7921;c s&#7921; suy gi&#7843;m.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Note t&#7915; t&#225;c gi&#7843;:</strong></p><p>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y t&#7853;p trung ph&#226;n t&#237;ch t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng v&#297; m&#244; c&#7911;a s&#7921; t&#225;i &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c v&#224; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ch&#7883;u l&#7921;c c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng Private Credit.</p><p>&#272;&#7875; hi&#7875;u &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh v&#224; di&#7877;n bi&#7871;n g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7893; phi&#7871;u c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; &#8212; v&#7889;n l&#224; n&#7873;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#417; s&#7903; c&#7911;a nhi&#7873;u c&#7845;u tr&#250;c t&#237;n d&#7909;ng &#8212; b&#7841;n n&#234;n tham kh&#7843;o b&#224;i vi&#7871;t tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; c&#7911;a Viet Hustler:</p><p><a href="https://viethustler.substack.com/p/ai-replacement-trade-hoang-loan-inh">AI Replacement Trade: Ho&#7843;ng Lo&#7841;n &#272;&#7883;nh Gi&#225; Hay Thay &#272;&#7893;i C&#7845;u Tr&#250;c?</a></p></blockquote><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://viethustler.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Viet Hustler is a reader-supported publication. 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